Showing 5001-5020 of 7110 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Pilates for low back pain
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Jul-2015
Non-specific low back pain is a major health problem worldwide. Interventions based on exercises have been the most commonly used treatments for patients with this condition. Over the past few years, the Pilates method has been one of the most popular exe
- Pimozide for schizophrenia or related psychoses
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Nov-2013
Pimozide, formulated in the 1960s, continues to be marketed for the care of people with schizophrenia or related psychoses such as delusional disorder. It has been associated with cardiotoxicity and sudden unexplained death. Electrocardiogram monitoring i
- Pimozide for tics in Tourette's syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Feb-2009
Neuroleptic drugs with potent D-2 receptor blocking properties have been the traditional treatment for tics caused by Tourette Syndrome. Pimozide is the most studied of these. Use of these medications is declining because of concerns about side effects, a
- Pin site care for preventing infections associated with external bone fixators and pins
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Nov-2013
Metal pins are used to apply skeletal traction or external fixation devices in the management of orthopaedic fractures. These percutaneous pins protrude through the skin, and the way in which they are treated after insertion may affect the incidence of pi
- Pioglitazone for type 2 diabetes mellitus
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Nov-2008
Diabetes has long been recognised as a strong, independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, a problem which accounts for approximately 70% of all mortality in people with diabetes. Prospective studies show that compared to their non-diabetic counte
- Piracetam for acute ischaemic stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Jun-2012
Piracetam has neuroprotective and antithrombotic effects that may help to reduce death and disability in people with acute stroke. This is an update of a Cochrane Review first published in 1999, and previously updated in 2006 and 2009.
- Piracetam for dementia or cognitive impairment
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Jan-2012
Piracetam is a drug that may enhance memory and other intellectual functions, but its usefulness in treating dementia is uncertain. It is, however, commonly prescribed for cognitive impairment and dementia in several countries of continental Europe.
- Piracetam for fetal distress in labour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-May-2012
Piracetam is thought to promote the metabolism of brain cells when they are hypoxic. It has been used to prevent adverse effects of fetal distress.
- Piracetam for reducing the incidence of painful sickle cell disease crises
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Oct-2015
Sickle cell disease is one of the most common genetic disorders. Sickle cell crises in which irregular and dehydrated cells contribute to blocking of blood vessels are characterised by episodes of pain. Treatment is mainly supportive and symptomatic. In v
- Pit and fissure sealants versus fluoride varnishes for preventing dental decay in the permanent teeth of children and adolescents
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Nov-2020
Most of the detected increment in dental caries among children above the age of six years and adolescents is confined to occlusal surfaces of posterior permanent molars. Dental sealants and fluoride varnishes are much used to prevent caries. As the effect
- Placebo interventions for all clinical conditions
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Nov-2009
Placebo interventions are often claimed to substantially improve patient-reported and observer-reported outcomes in many clinical conditions, but most reports on effects of placebos are based on studies that have not randomised patients to placebo or no t
- Placental cord drainage after vaginal delivery as part of the management of the third stage of labour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Aug-2011
Cord drainage in the third stage of labour involves unclamping the previously clamped and divided umbilical cord and allowing the blood from the placenta to drain freely into an appropriate receptacle.
- Planned caesarean section for term breech delivery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Nov-2015
Poor outcomes after breech birth might be the result of underlying conditions causing breech presentation or due to factors associated with the delivery.
- Planned caesarean section for women with a twin pregnancy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Dec-2015
Twin pregnancies are associated with increased perinatal mortality, mainly related to prematurity, but complications during birth may contribute to perinatal loss or morbidity. The option of planned caesarean section to avoid such complications must there
- Planned early birth versus expectant management (waiting) for prelabour rupture of membranes at term (37 weeks or more)
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Nov-2008
Prelabour rupture of membranes at term is managed expectantly or by elective birth, but it is not clear if waiting for birth to occur spontaneously is better than intervening.
- Planned early birth versus expectant management for women with preterm prelabour rupture of membranes prior to 37 weeks' gestation for improving pregnancy outcome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Feb-2010
Delivery after preterm prelabour rupture of the membranes (PPROM) may be initiated soon after PPROM or, alternatively, be delayed. It is unclear which strategy is most beneficial for mothers and their babies.
- Planned early delivery versus expectant management for hypertensive disorders from 34 weeks gestation to term
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Jan-2017
Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy are significant contributors to maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. These disorders include well-controlled chronic hypertension, gestational hypertension (pregnancy-induced hypertension) and mild pre-eclamp
- Planned early delivery versus expectant management for monoamniotic twins
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Jun-2015
Monoamniotic twin pregnancies are formed when a single egg is fertilised and the resulting inner cell mass splits to form twins sharing the same amniotic sac. This condition is rare and affects about one in 10,000 pregnancies overall. Monoamniotic twin pr
- Planned early delivery versus expectant management of the term suspected compromised baby for improving outcomes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Nov-2015
Fetal compromise in the term pregnancy is suspected when the following clinical indicators are present: intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), decreased fetal movement (DFM), or when investigations such as cardiotocography (CTG) and ultrasound reveal res
- Planned elective repeat caesarean section versus planned vaginal birth for women with a previous caesarean birth
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Dec-2013
When a woman has had a previous caesarean birth, there are two options for her care in a subsequent pregnancy: planned elective repeat caesarean or planned vaginal birth. While there are risks and benefits for both planned elective repeat caesarean birth
