Showing 5021-5040 of 7110 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Planned home versus hospital care for preterm prelabour rupture of the membranes (PPROM) prior to 37 weeks' gestation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Nov-2013
Preterm prelabour rupture of membranes (PPROM) is associated with increased risk of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Women with PPROM have been predominantly managed in hospital. It is possible that selected women could be managed at home af
- Planned hospital birth versus planned home birth
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Nov-2013
Observational studies of increasingly better quality and in different settings suggest that planned home birth in many places can be as safe as planned hospital birth and with less intervention and fewer complications. This is an update of a Cochrane revi
- Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid amyloid beta for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease dementia and other dementias in people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI)
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Jun-2014
According to the latest revised National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke and the Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association (now known as the Alzheimer's Association) (NINCDS-ADRDA) diagnostic criteria for Alzhe
- Plasma exchange for chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Aug-2015
Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) is an uncommon progressive or relapsing paralysing disease caused by inflammation of the peripheral nerves. If the hypothesis that it is due to autoimmunity is correct, removal of autoantibo
- Plasma exchange for generalised myasthenia gravis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Mar-2011
Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disease mediated by auto-antibodies most often directed against the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. Less than five per cent of patients have auto-antibodies to a muscle tyrosine kinase. Patients would be expected to be
- Plasma exchange for Guillain-Barré syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-May-2012
Guillain-Barré syndrome is an acute paralysing disease caused by peripheral nerve inflammation. This is an update of a review first published in 2001 and last updated in 2008.
- Plasma transfusion strategies for critically ill patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Dec-2013
Although plasma transfusions are frequently prescribed for critically ill patients, most clinical uses of plasma are not supported by evidence. Plasma transfusions do not seem to correct mild coagulation abnormalities based on international normalised rat
- Plasma volume expansion for suspected impaired fetal growth
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-May-2010
Failure of the normal expansion of plasma volume in the mother is associated with impaired fetal growth and pre-eclampsia.
- Plasma volume expansion for treatment of pre-eclampsia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Nov-2009
Plasma volume is reduced amongst women with pre-eclampsia. This association has led to the suggestion that expanding the plasma volume might improve maternal and uteroplacental circulation, and so potentially improve outcome for both the woman and her bab
- Platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa blockers during percutaneous coronary intervention and as the initial medical treatment of non-ST segment elevation acute coronary syndromes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Nov-2013
During percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and in non-ST segment elevation acute coronary syndromes (NSTEACS), the risk of acute vessel occlusion by thrombosis is high. Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa blockers strongly inhibit platelet aggregation and may pre
- Platelet rich therapies for long bone healing in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-May-2012
The morbidity and socioeconomic costs associated with long bone healing are considerable. Platelet-rich therapies are autologous blood products with a greater concentration of platelets than physiological whole blood. Despite promising results from a numb
- Platelet-rich therapies for musculoskeletal soft tissue injuries
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Apr-2014
Platelet-rich therapies are being used increasingly in the treatment of musculoskeletal soft tissue injuries such as ligament, muscle and tendon tears and tendinopathies. These therapies can be used as the principal treatment or as an augmentation procedu
- Platelet-rich-plasmapheresis for minimising peri-operative allogeneic blood transfusion
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Feb-2011
Concerns regarding the safety of transfused blood have generated considerable enthusiasm for the use of technologies intended to reduce the use of allogeneic blood (blood from an unrelated donor). Platelet-rich plasmapheresis (PRP) offers an alternative a
- Platinum containing regimens for metastatic breast cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Apr-2012
Studies have reported high tumour response rates for platinum-containing regimens in the treatment of women with metastatic breast cancer.
- Platinum versus non-platinum chemotherapy regimens for small cell lung cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-Jul-2015
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a very fast growing form of cancer and is characterised by early metastasis. As a result, chemotherapy is the mainstay of treatment. A number of different platinum-based chemotherapy regimens and non-platinum-based chemoth
- Pleurodesis for malignant pleural effusions
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Nov-2013
Approximately half of all patients with metastatic cancer develop a malignant pleural effusion which is likely to lead to a significant reduction in quality of life secondary to symptoms such as dyspnoea and cough. The aim of pleurodesis in these patients
- Plugs for containing faecal incontinence
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Jul-2015
Faecal incontinence is a distressing disorder with high social stigma. Not all people with faecal incontinence can be cured with conservative or surgical treatment and they may need to rely on containment products, such as anal plugs.
- Pneumatic retinopexy versus scleral buckle for repairing simple rhegmatogenous retinal detachments
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Nov-2021
A rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) is a separation of the neurosensory retina from the retinal pigment epithelium caused by a full-thickness break associated with vitreous traction. While pneumatic retinopexy (PR), scleral buckle (SB), and vitrecto
- Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines for preventing otitis media
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Mar-2014
Acute otitis media (AOM) is a very common respiratory infection in early infancy and childhood. The marginal benefits of antibiotics for AOM in low-risk populations in general, the increasing problem of bacterial resistance to antibiotics and the huge est
- Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines for preventing vaccine-type invasive pneumococcal disease and X-ray defined pneumonia in children less than two years of age
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Aug-2009
Pneumonia, caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among children in low-income countries. The effectiveness of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) against invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD), pneumonia, and mort
