Showing 5101-5120 of 7110 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Pre and peri-operative erythropoeitin for reducing allogeneic blood transfusions in colorectal cancer surgery.
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Nov-2008
Patients with colorectal cancer are frequently anaemic and many receive allogeneic red blood cell transfusions peri and post-operatively. Transfusions are accompanied by complications and may increase the rate of recurrence in patients who have a colorect
- Pre and post-operative medical therapy for endometriosis surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Sep-2011
Endometriosis is a common gynaecological condition affecting approximately 10% of women of reproductive age (Ozkan 2008). Common symptoms are dysmenorrhoea, pelvic pain, infertility or a pelvic mass. Diagnosis by laparoscopy or laparotomy enables identifi
- Pre-admission antibiotics for suspected cases of meningococcal disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Jul-2013
Meningococcal disease can lead to death or disability within hours after onset. Pre-admission antibiotics aim to reduce the risk of serious disease and death by preventing delays in starting therapy before confirmation of the diagnosis.
- Prebiotics in infants for prevention of allergy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Feb-2013
Prebiotics (commonly oligosaccharides) added to infant feeds have the potential to prevent sensitisation of infants to dietary allergens.
- Preconception and antenatal screening for the fragile site on the X-chromosome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Nov-2008
Fragile X is the most common cause of mental retardation after Down syndrome. It is the commonest inherited cause of mental retardation, and results from a dynamic mutation in a gene on the long arm of the X chromosome. Various strategies are used for pre
- Preconception care for diabetic women for improving maternal and infant health
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Aug-2017
Infants born to mothers with pre-existing type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus are at greater risk of congenital anomalies, perinatal mortality and significant morbidity in the short and long term. Pregnant women with pre-existing diabetes are at greater ri
- Preconception counselling for women with epilepsy to reduce adverse pregnancy outcome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Mar-2014
The provision of preconception counselling to women with epilepsy (WWE) has become established as recommended practice and includes a review of drug treatment and the provision of information and advice on both seizure and treatment-related risks to both
- Preconception lifestyle advice for people with subfertility
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Sep-2010
Infertility is a prevalent problem and has significant consequences for individuals, families and the wider community. People's chance of having a healthy, live birth may be impacted upon by factors such as weight, diet, smoking, other substance abuse, en
- Preconception risk assessment for thalassaemia, sickle cell disease, cystic fibrosis and Tay‐Sachs disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Oct-2021
Globally, about 6% of children are born with a serious birth defect of genetic or partially genetic origin. Carrier screening or testing is one way to identify couples at increased risk of having a child with an autosomal recessive condition. The most com
- Pre-discharge "car seat challenge" for preventing morbidity and mortality in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Oct-2008
Physiological monitoring studies indicate that some preterm infants experience episodes of oxygen desaturation, apnoea, or bradycardia when seated in standard car safety seats. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that all preterm infants should
- Pre-employment examinations for preventing injury, disease and sick leave in workers
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Dec-2015
Many employers and other stakeholders believe that health examinations of job applicants prevent occupational diseases and sickness absence. This is an update of the original Cochrane review (Mahmud 2010).
- Pre‐emptive antifungal therapy versus empirical antifungal therapy for febrile neutropenia in people with cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Nov-2022
Intensive cytotoxic chemotherapy for people with cancer can cause severe and prolonged cytopenia, especially neutropenia, a critical condition that is potentially life-threatening. When manifested by fever and neutropenia, it is called febrile neutropenia
- Pre‐emptive correction for haemodialysis arteriovenous access stenosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Jan-2016
Guidelines recommend routine arteriovenous (AV) graft and fistula surveillance (technology-based screening) in addition to clinical monitoring (physical examination) for early identification and pre-emptive correction of a stenosis before the access becom
- Pre-emptive treatment for cytomegalovirus viraemia to prevent cytomegalovirus disease in solid organ transplant recipients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Jan-2013
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in solid organ transplant recipients. Pre-emptive treatment of patients with CMV viraemia using antiviral agents has been suggested as an alternative to routine prophylaxis to prevent
- Preformed crowns for decayed primary molar teeth
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Dec-2015
Crowns for primary molars are preformed and come in a variety of sizes and materials to be placed over decayed or developmentally defective teeth. They can be made completely of stainless steel (know as 'preformed metal crowns' or PMCs), or to give better
- Pregabalin add-on for drug-resistant partial epilepsy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Mar-2014
Epilepsy is a common chronic neurological disease with an estimated prevalence of 1% in the UK. Approximately one third of these people continue to have seizures despite drug treatment. In order to try to improve outcomes a number of new antiepileptic dru
- Pregabalin for acute and chronic pain in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Sep-2010
Antiepileptic drugs have been used in pain management since the 1960s. Pregabalin is a recently developed antiepileptic drug also used in management of chronic neuropathic pain conditions.
- Pregabalin for chronic prostatitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jun-2012
Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) is a condition that is detrimental to the quality of life of men. Evidence suggests that it may have a neuropathic origin and therefore medications such as pregabalin might have a role in the cont
- Pregabalin for decreasing pancreatic pain in chronic pancreatitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Feb-2016
Chronic abdominal pain is one of the major symptoms in people with chronic pancreatitis. The role of pregabalin in people with chronic pancreatic pain due to chronic pancreatitis is uncertain.
- Pregabalin monotherapy for epilepsy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Aug-2012
Many people with epilepsy suffer from poorly controlled seizures, despite current antiepileptic treatments. Due to high rates of treatment resistance, there is interest in new pharmacological treatment options such as pregabalin. However, it remains uncle
