Showing 5141-5160 of 7110 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Preoperative education for hip or knee replacement
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Sep-2015
Hip or knee replacement is a major surgical procedure that can be physically and psychologically stressful for patients. It is hypothesised that education before surgery reduces anxiety and enhances clinically important postoperative outcomes.
- Pre-operative endometrial thinning agents before endometrial destruction for heavy menstrual bleeding
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Nov-2013
Heavy menstrual bleeding is one of the most common reasons for referral of premenopausal women to a gynaecologist. Although medical therapy is generally first line, many women eventually will require further treatment. Endometrial ablation by hysteroscopi
- Pre-operative endometrial thinning agents before endometrial destruction for heavy menstrual bleeding
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Jul-2014
Menorrhagia is one of the most common reasons for pre-menopausal women to be referred to a gynaecologist. Although medical therapy is generally the first approach, many women will eventually require or request a hysterectomy. Hysterectomy is associated wi
- Preoperative exercise training for people with non‐small cell lung cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Sep-2022
Surgical resection for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) offers the best chance of cure, but it is associated with a risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. It is unclear if preoperative exercise training, and the potential resultant i
- Preoperative fasting for adults to prevent perioperative complications
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Apr-2010
Fasting before general anaesthesia aims to reduce the volume and acidity of stomach contents during surgery, thus reducing the risk of regurgitation/aspiration. Recent guidelines have recommended a shift in fasting policy from the standard 'nil by mouth f
- Preoperative fasting for preventing perioperative complications in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Apr-2010
Children, like adults, are required to fast before general anaesthesia with the aim of reducing the volume and acidity of their stomach contents. It is thought that fasting reduces the risk of regurgitation and aspiration of gastric contents during surger
- Pre-operative GnRH analogue therapy before hysterectomy or myomectomy for uterine fibroids
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Dec-2010
Uterine fibroids, smooth muscle tumours of the uterus, are found in at least 25 to 35% of women over the age of 35 years. Although some of these tumours are asymptomatic, up to 50% cause symptoms severe enough to warrant therapy and surgery is the standar
- Preoperative hair removal to reduce surgical site infection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Sep-2011
Although preparation of people for surgery has traditionally included removal of hair from the incision site, some studies claim that preoperative hair removal is harmful, causes surgical site infections (SSIs), and should be avoided.
- Preoperative inspiratory muscle training for postoperative pulmonary complications in adults undergoing cardiac and major abdominal surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Sep-2015
Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) have an impact on the recovery of adults after surgery. It is therefore important to establish whether preoperative respiratory rehabilitation can decrease the risk of PPCs and to identify adults who might bene
- Preoperative intra aortic balloon pumps in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Dec-2010
The intra aortic balloon pump (IABP) is a mechanical assist device which improves cardiac function. The device has a well-established place in algorithms for managing low cardiac output following cardiac surgery. There is increasing evidence that certain
- Pre-operative Nutrition Support in Patients Undergoing Gastrointestinal Surgery.
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Oct-2012
Post-operative management in gastrointestinal (GI) surgery is becoming well established with 'Enhanced Recovery After Surgery' protocols starting 24 hours prior to surgery with carbohydrate loading and early oral or enteral feeding given to patients the f
- Preoperative physical therapy for elective cardiac surgery patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Aug-2014
After cardiac surgery, physical therapy is a routine procedure delivered with the aim of preventing postoperative pulmonary complications.
- Pre-operative radiotherapy and curative surgery for the management of localized rectal carcinoma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Aug-2008
Preoperative radiotherapy (PRT) has become part of standard practice offered to improve treatment outcomes in patients with rectal cancer.
- Preoperative radiotherapy for esophageal carcinoma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Feb-2012
The existing randomized evidence has failed to conclusively demonstrate the benefit or otherwise of preoperative radiotherapy in treating patients with potentially resectable esophageal carcinoma.
- Preoperative ripening of the cervix before operative hysteroscopy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Apr-2015
Hysteroscopy is an operation in which the gynaecologist examines the uterine cavity using a small telescopic instrument (hysteroscope) inserted via the vagina and the cervix. Almost 50% of hysteroscopic complications are related to difficulty with cervica
- Preoperative skin antiseptics for preventing surgical wound infections after clean surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Apr-2015
Surgical site infection rates in the month following clean surgery vary from 0.6% (knee prosthesis) to 5% (limb amputation). Due to the large number of clean surgical procedures conducted annually the costs of these surgical site infections (SSIs) can be
- Preoperative statin therapy for patients undergoing cardiac surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Aug-2015
Patients referred to cardiac surgery for cardiovascular disease are at significant risk for the development of major postoperative adverse events despite significant advances in surgical techniques and perioperative care. Statins (5-hydroxy-3-methylglutar
- Pre-operative traction for hip fractures in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Oct-2011
Following a hip fracture, traction may be applied to the injured limb before surgery. This is an update of a Cochrane review first published in 1997, and previously updated in 2006.
- Preoperative vascular access evaluation for haemodialysis patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Sep-2015
Haemodialysis treatment requires reliable vascular access. Optimal access is provided via functional arteriovenous fistula (fistula), which compared with other forms of vascular access, provides superior long-term patency, requires few interventions, has
- Preoxygenation for tracheal suctioning in intubated, ventilated newborn infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Nov-2009
Endotracheal suctioning for mechanically ventilated infants is routine practice in neonatal intensive care. However, this practice is associated with serious complications including lobar collapse, pneumothorax, bradycardia and hypoxaemia. Increasing the
