Showing 501-520 of 642 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Cardiovascular 
- Promoting patient uptake and adherence in cardiac rehabilitation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Jun-2014
Cardiac rehabilitation is an important component of recovery from coronary events but uptake and adherence to such programs are below recommended levels. In 2010, our Cochrane review identified some evidence that interventions to increase uptake of cardia
- Prophylactic animal derived surfactant extract for preventing morbidity and mortality in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Mar-2010
Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is caused by a deficiency or dysfunction of pulmonary surfactant. A variety of animal derived surfactant extracts have been formulated and given to infants at risk of developing RDS.
- Prophylactic corticosteroids for cardiopulmonary bypass in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Apr-2011
High-dose prophylactic corticosteroids are often administered during cardiac surgery. Their use, however, remains controversial, as no trials are available that have been sufficiently powered to draw conclusions on their effect on major clinical outcomes.
- Prophylactic intravenous indomethacin for preventing mortality and morbidity in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Jun-2010
Persistent patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is associated with mortality and morbidity in preterm infants. Prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors such as indomethacin promote PDA closure but also have potential side effects. The effect of the prophylactic use
- Prophylactic protein free synthetic surfactant for preventing morbidity and mortality in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Jan-2010
Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is caused by a deficiency or dysfunction of pulmonary surfactant. A variety of surfactant products including protein free synthetic surfactant have been developed and tested in the prevention and treatment of RDS.
- Prophylactic steroids for pediatric open heart surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Oct-2015
The immune response to cardiopulmonary bypass in infants and children can lead to a series of postoperative morbidities and mortality i.e. hemodynamic instability, increased infection and arrhythmias. The systemic Inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) tha
- Prophylactic surgical ligation of patent ductus arteriosus for prevention of mortality and morbidity in extremely low birth weight infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-May-2010
Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is associated with increased mortality and morbidity in preterm infants. Prophylactic indomethacin results in the reduction in significant PDA, need for surgical ligation, severe intraventricular hemorrhage and serious pulmo
- Prophylactic versus selective blood transfusion for sickle cell anaemia during pregnancy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Jan-2012
Sickle cells have a shorter life span than normal red blood cells. It has been suggested that pregnancy complications for women with sickle cell anaemia may be reduced by regular blood transfusions. The aim is to maintain haemoglobin at 60-70% of the norm
- Prophylaxis for venous thromboembolic disease in pregnancy and the early postnatal period
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-Jan-2014
Venous thromboembolism (VTE), although rare, is a major cause of maternal mortality and morbidity, and methods of prophylaxis are therefore often used for women considered to be at risk. This may include women who have given birth by caesarean section, th
- Propranolol for migraine prophylaxis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Apr-2015
Propranolol is one of the most commonly prescribed drugs for migraine prophylaxis.
- Prostacyclin and analogues for acute ischaemic stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Sep-2008
Prostacyclin is an agent with a number of effects on platelets, blood vessels and nerve cells which might improve outcome after acute ischaemic stroke.
- Prostacyclin for pulmonary hypertension in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Mar-2009
Primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH) is progressive, resulting in right ventricular failure. Pulmonary hypertension can be idiopathic or associated with other conditions. Prostacyclin is a potent vasodilator and inhibitor of platelet aggregation, and can
- Prostaglandin E1 for preventing the progression of diabetic kidney disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Mar-2010
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the major chronic microvascular complications in diabetes mellitus, and may progress to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). There are no definitely effective approaches for preventing, delaying or treating DKD. Small s
- Prostanoids for intermittent claudication
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Mar-2013
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a common cause of morbidity in the general population. While numerous studies have established the efficacy of prostanoids in PAD stages III and IV, the question of the role of prostanoids as an alternative or additive
- Psychological and pharmacological interventions for depression in patients with coronary artery disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Aug-2011
Depression occurs frequently in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and is associated with a poor prognosis.
- Psychological interventions for coronary heart disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Jun-2011
Psychological symptoms are strongly associated with coronary heart disease (CHD), and many psychological treatments are offered following cardiac events or procedures.
- Psychological interventions for depression in adolescent and adult congenital heart disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Oct-2013
Adult and adolescent congenital heart disease is increasing in prevalence as better medical care means more children are surviving to adulthood. People with chronic disease often also experience depression. There are several non-pharmacological treatments
- Psychological interventions for depression in heart failure
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Oct-2008
Heart failure is a common and growing health problem. Depression is prevalent among these patients and is associated with an increased risk of mortality, in some, but not all, studies. Depression may increase the risk of recurrent cardiac events and death
- Psychological interventions for symptomatic management of non-specific chest pain in patients with normal coronary anatomy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Jun-2015
Recurrent chest pain in the absence of coronary artery disease is a common problem which sometimes leads to excess use of medical care. Although many studies have examined the causes of pain in these patients, few clinical trials have evaluated treatment.
- Psychosocial interventions for smoking cessation in patients with coronary heart disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Jul-2015
This is an update of a Cochrane review previously published in 2008. Smoking increases the risk of developing atherosclerosis but also acute thrombotic events. Quitting smoking is potentially the most effective secondary prevention measure and improves pr
