Showing 5181-5200 of 7110 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Primaquine for preventing relapse in people with Plasmodium vivax malaria treated with chloroquine
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Oct-2013
Plasmodium vivax infections are an important contributor to the malaria burden worldwide. The World Health Organization recommends a 14-day course of primaquine (0.25 mg/kg/day, giving an adult dose of 15 mg/day) to eradicate the liver stage of the paras
- Primaquine or other 8-aminoquinoline for reducing Plasmodium falciparum transmission
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Feb-2015
Mosquitoes become infected with Plasmodium when they ingest gametocyte-stage parasites from an infected person's blood. Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes are sensitive to 8-aminoquinolines (8AQ), and consequently these drugs could prevent parasite transmi
- Primary angioplasty versus intravenous thrombolysis for acute myocardial infarction
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Nov-2008
Intravenous thrombolytic therapy is the standard care for patients with acute myocardial infarction, based upon its widespread availability and ability to reduce patient mortality well demonstrated in randomised trials. Despite its proven efficacy, thromb
- Primary care based clinics for asthma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Mar-2012
Asthma is defined as the presence of variable airflow obstruction with symptoms (more than one of wheeze, breathlessness, chest tightness, cough). It is becoming increasingly common worldwide and this is especially true in higher income countries. In seve
- Primary care professionals providing non-urgent care in hospital emergency departments
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Oct-2012
In many countries emergency departments (EDs) are facing an increase in demand for services, long-waits and severe crowding. One response to mitigate overcrowding has been to provide primary care services alongside or within hospital EDs for patients with
- Primary closure versus delayed closure for non bite traumatic wounds within 24 hours post injury
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Oct-2013
Acute traumatic wounds are one of the common reasons why people present to the emergency department. Primary closure has traditionally been reserved for traumatic wounds presenting within six hours of injury and considered 'clean' by the attending surgeon
- Primary groin irradiation versus primary groin surgery for early vulvar cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Apr-2015
Despite changes in technique, morbidity after surgery for vulvar cancer is high and mainly related to the groin dissection. Primary radiotherapy to the groin is expected to result in lower morbidity. However, studies on the efficacy of primary radiotherap
- Primary prophylactic colony-stimulating factors for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia in breast cancer patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Sep-2012
High-dose or dose-intensive cytotoxic chemotherapy often causes myelosuppression and severe neutropenia among cancer patients. Severe neutropenia accompanied by fever, named febrile neutropenia (FN), is the most serious manifestation of neutropenia usuall
- Primary prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism in ambulatory cancer patients receiving chemotherapy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Aug-2014
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) often complicates the clinical course of cancer. The risk is further increased by chemotherapy, but the safety and efficacy of primary thromboprophylaxis in cancer patients treated with chemotherapy is uncertain. This is an up
- Primary prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism in patients undergoing cardiac or thoracic surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Jun-2015
Cardiac and thoracic surgery are associated with an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). The safety and efficacy of primary thromboprophylaxis in patients undergoing these types of surgery is uncertain.
- Primary prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism in people undergoing major amputation of the lower extremity
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Dec-2013
Patients undergoing major amputation of the lower limb are at increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Risk factors for VTE in amputees include advanced age, sedentary lifestyle, longstanding arterial disease and an identifiable hypercoagulable con
- Primary repair for penetrating colon injuries
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Jul-2009
Primary repair of penetrating colon injuries is an appealing management option. However, uncertainty about its safety persists.
- Primary school-based behavioural interventions for preventing caries
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Apr-2013
Dental caries is one of the most common global childhood diseases and is, for the most part, entirely preventable. Good oral health is dependent on the establishment of the key behaviours of toothbrushing with fluoride toothpaste and controlling sugar sna
- Primary stenting versus primary balloon angioplasty for treating acute myocardial infarction
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Nov-2012
Balloon angioplasty following myocardial infarction (MI) reduces death, non-fatal MI and stroke compared to thrombolytic reperfusion. However up to 50% of patients experience restenosis and 3% to 5% recurrent myocardial infarction. Therefore, primary sten
- Primary surgery versus primary radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy for early adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Nov-2013
For early squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix, the outcome is similar after either primary surgery or primary radiotherapy. There are reports that this is not the case for early adenocarcinoma (AC) of the uterine cervix: some studies have report
- Print-based self-help interventions for smoking cessation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-May-2014
Many smokers give up smoking on their own, but materials giving advice and information may help them and increase the number who quit successfully.
- Printed educational materials: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Nov-2008
It is often assumed that merely providing information in an accessible form will influence practice. Although such a strategy is still widely used in an attempt to change behaviour, there is a growing awareness that simply providing information may not le
- Printed educational materials: effects on professional practice and healthcare outcomes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Apr-2013
Printed educational materials are widely used passive dissemination strategies to improve the quality of clinical practice and patient outcomes. Traditionally they are presented in paper formats such as monographs, publication in peer-reviewed journals an
- Probiotics for induction of remission in Crohn's disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-May-2008
Crohn's disease has a high morbidity and there is no known cure. Current treatments have multiple side effects and an effective treatment with minimal side effects is desired. Probiotics have been proposed as such a treatment but their efficacy is undeter
- Probiotics for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-May-2008
Ulcerative Colitis (UC) is an inflammatory condition affecting the colon with an incidence of approximately 10-20 per 100,000 per year. No existing intervention is effective in all patients with a proportion requiring colectomy. There are significant prop
