Showing 5281-5300 of 7110 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Prophylactic ergometrine-oxytocin versus oxytocin for the third stage of labour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Feb-2009
The routine prophylactic administration of an uterotonic agent is an integral part of active management of the third stage of labour, helping to prevent postpartum haemorrhage (PPH). The two most widely used uterotonic agents are: ergometrine-oxytocin (Sy
- Prophylactic gastrojejunostomy for unresectable periampullary carcinoma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Jan-2013
The role of prophylactic gastrojejunostomy in patients with unresectable periampullary cancer is controversial.
- Prophylactic interventions after delivery of placenta for reducing bleeding during the postnatal period
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Nov-2013
There are several Cochrane systematic reviews looking at postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) prophylaxis in the third stage of labour and another Cochrane review investigating the timing of prophylactic uterotonics in the third stage of labour (i.e. before or af
- Prophylactic intravenous indomethacin for preventing mortality and morbidity in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Jun-2010
Persistent patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is associated with mortality and morbidity in preterm infants. Prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors such as indomethacin promote PDA closure but also have potential side effects. The effect of the prophylactic use
- Prophylactic intravenous preloading for regional analgesia in labour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Oct-2010
Reduced uterine blood flow from maternal hypotension may contribute to fetal heart rate changes which are common following regional analgesia (epidural or spinal or combined spinal-epidural (CSE)) during labour. Intravenous fluid preloading may help to re
- Prophylactic lidocaine for myocardial infarction
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Aug-2015
Coronary artery disease is a major public health problem affecting both developed and developing countries. Acute coronary syndromes include unstable angina and myocardial infarction with or without ST-segment elevation (electrocardiogram sector is higher
- Prophylactic manual rotation for fetal malposition to reduce operative delivery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Dec-2014
Manual rotation is commonly performed to increase the chances of normal vaginal delivery and is perceived to be safe. Manual rotation has the potential to prevent operative delivery and caesarean section, and reduce obstetric and neonatal complications.
- Prophylactic mastectomy for the prevention of breast cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Oct-2010
Recent progress in understanding the genetic basis of breast cancer has increased interest in prophylactic mastectomy (PM) as a method of preventing breast cancer.
- Prophylactic methylxanthine for prevention of apnoea in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Feb-2013
Recurrent apnoea is common in preterm infants. These episodes can lead to hypoxaemia and bradycardia, which may be severe enough to require the use of positive pressure ventilation. In infants with apnoea, methylxanthine treatment has been used successful
- Prophylactic methylxanthines for endotracheal extubation in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Feb-2013
Weaning and extubating preterm infants on intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV) for respiratory failure may be difficult. A significant contributing factor is thought to be the relatively poor respiratory drive and tendency to develop hypercar
- Prophylactic milrinone for the prevention of low cardiac output syndrome and mortality in children undergoing surgery for congenital heart disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Mar-2015
Children with congenital heart disease often undergo heart surgery at a young age. They are at risk for postoperative low cardiac output syndrome (LCOS) or death. Milrinone may be used to provide inotropic and vasodilatory support during the immediate pos
- Prophylactic nasogastric decompression after abdominal surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Feb-2010
Routine use of nasogastric tubes after abdominal operations is intended to hasten the return of bowel function, prevent pulmonary complications, diminish the risk of anastomotic leakage, increase patient comfort and shorten hospital stay.
- Prophylactic or very early initiation of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Oct-2021
Cohort studies have suggested that nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) starting in the immediate postnatal period before the onset of respiratory disease (prophylactic CPAP) may be beneficial in reducing the need for intubation and intermitte
- Prophylactic oral betamimetics for preventing preterm labour in singleton pregnancies
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Dec-2010
Preterm birth occurs in up to 6% to 10% of all births and is the major complication of pregnancy associated with perinatal mortality and morbidity. Previous preterm delivery is a strong predictor for preterm labour, and the earlier the birth, the more lik
- Prophylactic oral betamimetics for reducing preterm birth in women with a twin pregnancy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Dec-2015
Twin pregnancies are associated with a high risk of neonatal mortality and morbidity due to an increased rate of preterm birth. Betamimetics can decrease contraction frequency or delay preterm birth in singleton pregnancies by 24 to 48 hours. The efficacy
- Prophylactic oral/topical non-absorbed antifungal agents to prevent invasive fungal infection in very low birth weight infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Oct-2015
Invasive fungal infection is an important cause of mortality and morbidity in very preterm or very low birth weight infants. Uncertainty exists about the effect of prophylactic oral/topical non-absorbed antifungals to reduce mucocutaneous colonisation and
- Prophylactic oxytocin for the third stage of labour to prevent postpartum haemorrhage
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Oct-2013
Active management of the third stage of labour has been shown to reduce the risk of postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) greater than 1000 mL. One aspect of the active management protocol is the administration of prophylactic uterotonics, however, the type of ute
- Prophylactic phototherapy for preventing jaundice in preterm or low birth weight infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Nov-2011
Low birth weight and premature infants are at major risk for exaggerated hyperbilirubinaemia and jaundice that can lead to bilirubin encephalopathy. Phototherapy is the most common treatment for neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia and could be most effective in
- Prophylactic platelet transfusion for prevention of bleeding in patients with haematological disorders after chemotherapy and stem cell transplantation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Apr-2012
Platelet transfusions are used in modern clinical practice to prevent and treat bleeding in thrombocytopenic patients with bone marrow failure. Although considerable advances have been made in platelet transfusion therapy in the last 40 years, some areas
- Prophylactic platelet transfusions prior to surgery for people with a low platelet count
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Sep-2018
People with thrombocytopenia often require a surgical procedure. A low platelet count is a relative contraindication to surgery due to the risk of bleeding. Platelet transfusions are used in clinical practice to prevent and treat bleeding in people with t
