Showing 5341-5360 of 7110 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Protein restriction for children with chronic kidney disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Jul-2012
Protein restriction has been prescribed for some time for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The effect of a low protein diet on delaying the progression to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) in children and its impact on growth and nutrition remain
- Protein restriction for diabetic renal disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Nov-2008
Diabetic renal disease (diabetic nephropathy) is a leading cause of end-stage renal failure. Once the process has started, it cannot be reversed by glycaemic control, but progression might be slowed by control of blood pressure and protein restriction.
- Protein substitute for children and adults with phenylketonuria
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Feb-2015
Phenylketonuria is an inherited metabolic disorder characterised by an absence or deficiency of the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase. The aim of treatment is to lower blood phenylalanine concentrations to the recommended therapeutic range to prevent devel
- Protein supplementation of human milk for promoting growth in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Nov-2008
For term infants, human milk provides adequate nutrition to facilitate growth, as well as potential beneficial effects on immunity and the maternal-infant emotional state. However, the role of human milk in preterm infants is less well defined as it conta
- Protein-containing synthetic surfactant versus protein-free synthetic surfactant for the prevention and treatment of respiratory distress syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Aug-2009
Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. RDS is caused by a deficiency, dysfunction, or inactivation of pulmonary surfactant. Numerous surfactants of either animal extract or synthetic desig
- Prothrombin complex concentrate for reversal of vitamin K antagonist treatment in bleeding and non-bleeding patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Jul-2015
Treatment with vitamin K antagonists is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Reversal therapy with prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC) is used increasingly and is recommended in the treatment of patients with bleeding complications underta
- Prothrombin complex concentrate in cardiac surgery for the treatment of coagulopathic bleeding
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Nov-2022
Coagulopathy following cardiac surgery is associated with considerable blood product transfusion and high morbidity and mortality. The treatment of coagulopathy following cardiac surgery is challenging, with the replacement of clotting factors being based
- Protocol-directed sedation versus non-protocol-directed sedation to reduce duration of mechanical ventilation in mechanically ventilated intensive care patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Jun-2015
The sedation needs of critically ill patients have been recognized as a core component of critical care and meeting these is vital to assist recovery and ensure humane treatment. There is growing evidence to suggest that sedation requirements are not alwa
- Protocolized versus non-protocolized weaning for reducing the duration of invasive mechanical ventilation in critically ill paediatric patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Jul-2013
Mechanical ventilation is a critical component of paediatric intensive care therapy. It is indicated when the patient’s spontaneous ventilation is inadequate to sustain life. Weaning is the gradual reduction of ventilatory support and the transfer of resp
- Protocolized versus non-protocolized weaning for reducing the duration of invasive mechanical ventilation in newborn infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Mar-2016
Mechanical ventilation is a life-saving intervention for critically ill newborn infants with respiratory failure admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Ventilating newborn infants can be challenging due to small tidal volumes, high breathing f
- Protocolized versus non-protocolized weaning for reducing the duration of mechanical ventilation in critically ill adult patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Nov-2014
This is an update of a review last published in Issue 5, 2010, of The Cochrane Library. Reducing weaning time is desirable in minimizing potential complications from mechanical ventilation. Standardized weaning protocols are purported to reduce time spent
- Proton pump inhibitor treatment for acute peptic ulcer bleeding
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Apr-2010
Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the clinical effect of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in peptic ulcer (PU) bleeding yield conflicting results.
- Proton pump inhibitor treatment initiated prior to endoscopic diagnosis in upper gastrointestinal bleeding
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Jan-2022
Upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is a common reason for emergency hospital admission. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) reduce gastric acid production and are used to manage upper GI bleeding. However, there is conflicting evidence regarding the clinical
- Provider training and experience for people living with HIV/AIDS
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Jun-2011
The complexity of HIV/AIDS raises challenges for the effective delivery of care. It is important to ensure that the expertise and experience of care providers is of high quality. Training and experience of HIV/AIDS providers may impact not only individual
- Provision of a surgeon's performance data for people considering elective surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Feb-2015
A consumer model of health supports that people undergoing elective surgery should be informed about the past operative performance of their surgeon before making two important decisions: 1. to consent to the proposed surgery, and 2. to have a particular
- Provision of respiratory support compared to no respiratory support before cord clamping for preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Mar-2018
Placental transfusion (by means of delayed cord clamping (DCC), cord milking, or cord stripping) confers benefits for preterm infants. It is not known if providing respiratory support to preterm infants before cord clamping improves outcomes.
- Psychoanalytic/psychodynamic psychotherapy for children and adolescents who have been sexually abused
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-Jul-2013
The sexual abuse of children and adolescents is a significant worldwide problem. It is associated with a wide variety of negative psychological, social and physical consequences for the victims. These effects can often be seen immediately following sexual
- Psychoeducation (brief) for people with serious mental illness
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Apr-2015
Those with serious/severe mental illness, especially schizophrenia and schizophrenic-like disorders, often have little to no insight regarding the presence of their illness. Psychoeducation may be defined as the education of a person with a psychiatric di
- Psychoeducation for schizophrenia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Dec-2012
Schizophrenia can be a severe and chronic illness characterised by lack of insight and poor compliance with treatment. Psychoeducational approaches have been developed to increase patients' knowledge of, and insight into, their illness and its treatment.
- Psychoeducation for siblings of people with severe mental illness
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Apr-2015
Many people with severe mental illness (SMI) have siblings. Siblings are often both natural agents to promote service users’ recovery and vulnerable to mental ill health due to the negative impact of psychosis within the family. Despite a wealth of resear
