Showing 521-540 of 640 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Cardiovascular 
- Pulmonary artery catheters for adult patients in intensive care
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Feb-2013
Since pulmonary artery balloon flotation catheterization was first introduced in 1970, by HJ Swan and W Ganz, it has been widely disseminated as a diagnostic tool without rigorous evaluation of its clinical utility and effectiveness in critically ill pati
- Recombinant factor VIIa for the prevention and treatment of bleeding in patients without haemophilia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Mar-2012
Recombinant factor VIIa (rFVIIa) is licensed for use in patients with haemophilia and inhibitory allo-antibodies and for prophylaxis and treatment of patients with congenital factor VII deficiency. It is also used for off-license indications to prevent bl
- Reduced dietary salt for the prevention of cardiovascular disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Dec-2014
This is an update of a Cochrane review that was first published in 2011 of the effects of reducing dietary salt intake, through advice to reduce salt intake or low-sodium salt substitution, on mortality and cardiovascular events.
- Reduced or modified dietary fat for preventing cardiovascular disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Nov-2017
Reduction and modification of dietary fats have differing effects on cardiovascular risk factors (such as serum cholesterol), but their effects on important health outcomes are less clear.
- Reduced osmolarity oral rehydration solution for treating dehydration caused by acute diarrhoea in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Nov-2008
Oral rehydration solution (ORS) has reduced childhood deaths from diarrhoea in many countries. Recent studies suggest that the currently recommended formulation of ORS recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) may not be optimal, and solutions th
- Regional (spinal, epidural, caudal) versus general anaesthesia in preterm infants undergoing inguinal herniorrhaphy in early infancy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Jun-2015
With improvements in neonatal intensive care, more preterm infants are surviving the neonatal period and presenting for surgery in early infancy. Inguinal hernia is the most common condition requiring early surgery, appearing in 38% of infants whose birth
- Relaxation therapies for the management of primary hypertension in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Nov-2008
Lifestyle interventions are often recommended as initial treatment for mild hypertension, but the efficacy of relaxation therapies is unclear.
- Remote ischaemic preconditioning versus no remote ischaemic preconditioning for vascular and endovascular surgical procedures
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Nov-2011
Despite advances in perioperative care, elective major vascular surgical procedures carry a significant risk of morbidity and mortality. Remote ischaemic preconditioning is initiated by brief, non-lethal periods of ischaemia in a vascular bed different fr
- Removal of nail polish and finger rings to prevent surgical infection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Aug-2014
Surgical wound infections may be caused by the transfer of bacteria from the hands of surgical teams to patients during operations. Surgical scrubbing prior to surgery reduces the number of bacteria on the skin, but wearing rings and nail polish on the fi
- Repetitive task training for improving functional ability after stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Nov-2016
Repetitive task training (RTT) involves the active practice of task-specific motor activities and is a component of current therapy approaches in stroke rehabilitation.
- Restricted versus liberal water intake for preventing morbidity and mortality in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Dec-2014
Most premature infants are physiologically not sufficiently mature to orally ingest all of their required water and nutrients. Therefore, premature infants rely on their caregivers to regulate their volume of water intake. Thus, the caregiver must determi
- Risk of fatal and nonfatal lactic acidosis with metformin use in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Apr-2010
Metformin is an oral anti-hyperglycemic agent that has been shown to reduce total mortality compared to other anti-hyperglycemic agents, in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Metformin, however, is thought to increase the risk of lactic acidosis,
- Roselle for hypertension in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Nov-2021
Hypertension is considered to be a serious health problem worldwide. Controlling and lowering blood pressure are of significant benefit to people with hypertension because hypertension is a risk factor for stroke, heart disease, and cardiovascular disease
- Routine invasive strategies versus selective invasive strategies for unstable angina and non‐ST elevation myocardial infarction in the stent era
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-May-2016
People with unstable angina and non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (UA/NSTEMI) are managed with a combination of medical therapy, invasive angiography and revascularisation. Specifically, two approaches have evolved: either a 'routine invasive' strate
- Routine or selective carotid artery shunting for carotid endarterectomy (and different methods of monitoring in selective shunting)
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Jun-2014
Temporary interruption of cerebral blood flow during carotid endarterectomy can be avoided by using a shunt across the clamped section of the carotid artery. This may improve outcome. This is an update of a Cochrane review originally published in 1996 and
- Rubber band ligation versus excisional haemorrhoidectomy for haemorrhoids
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Feb-2011
Traditional treatment methods for haemorrhoids fall into two broad groups: less invasive techniques including rubber band ligation (RBL), which tend to produce minimal pain, and the more radical techniques like excisional haemorrhoidectomy (EH), which are
- Rutosides for prevention of post‐thrombotic syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Nov-2018
Post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) is a long-term complication of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) that is characterised by pain, swelling, and skin changes in the affected limb. One in three patients with DVT will develop post-thrombotic sequelae within five yea
- Rutosides for treatment of post‐thrombotic syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Nov-2018
Post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) is a long-term complication of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) that is characterised by pain, swelling, and skin changes in the affected limb. One in three patients with DVT will develop post-thrombotic sequelae within five yea
- Salicylate for the treatment of Kawasaki disease in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Oct-2006
Kawasaki disease is the most common cause of acquired heart disease in children in developed countries. The coronary arteries supplying the heart can be damaged in Kawasaki disease. The principal advantage of timely diagnosis is the potential to prevent t
- Sclerotherapy for lower limb telangiectasias
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Dec-2011
Sclerotherapy has been used in clinical practice for centuries, but there is still no consensus about which, if any, sclerosing agent provides the best results.
