Showing 521-540 of 746 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Pharmacotherapeutics 
- Oral or topical nasal steroids for hearing loss associated with otitis media with effusion in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Apr-2011
Otitis media with effusion (OME) is common and may cause hearing loss with associated developmental delay. Treatment remains controversial.
- Oral steroids for adhesive capsulitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Nov-2008
This review is one in a series of Cochrane reviews of interventions for shoulder pain in adults.
- Oral steroids for long‐term use in cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Dec-2015
In cystic fibrosis (CF) airway obstruction and recurrent respiratory infection lead to inflammation, long-term lung damage, respiratory failure and death. Anti-inflammatory agents, e.g. oral corticosteroids are used since inflammation occurs early in dise
- Oral steroids for nasal polyps
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Apr-2016
This is an update of a Cochrane Review first published in The Cochrane Library in Issue 1, 2007.
- Oral versus intra‐vaginal imidazole and triazole anti‐fungal treatment of uncomplicated vulvovaginal candidiasis (thrush)
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Aug-2020
Anti-fungals are available for oral and intra-vaginal treatment of uncomplicated vulvovaginal candidiasis.
- Ovarian ablation for early breast cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Aug-2008
Among women with early breast cancer, the effects of ovarian ablation on recurrence and death have been assessed by several randomised trials that now have long follow-up.
- Over‐the‐counter (OTC) medications for acute cough in children and adults in community settings
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Nov-2014
Acute cough due to upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) is a common symptom. Non-prescription, over-the-counter (OTC) medicines are frequently recommended as a first-line treatment, but there is little evidence as to whether these drugs are effective.
- Oxcarbazepine in the maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Jan-2008
Some studies have suggested that oxcarbazepine has a role in preventing episode recurrence in bipolar affective disorder. This review attempted to investigate the existing evidence from randomised controlled trials for its use in the maintenance treatment
- Pain relief in hysterosalpingography
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Sep-2015
Hysterosalpingography (HSG) is a method of testing for tubal patency. However, women struggle to tolerate the procedure, as it is associated with some discomfort. Various pharmacological strategies are available that may reduce pain during the procedure,
- Palliative chemotherapy for advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Jan-2000
Despite the increasing use of palliative chemotherapy for advanced colorectal cancer, there remains uncertainty as to the true effectiveness of this intervention. This review was therefore undertaken to assess the available evidence for the benefit of pal
- Paracetamol versus nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs for rheumatoid arthritis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Jan-2004
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are usually preferred for simple analgesics such as paracetamol for rheumatoid arthritis. It is not clear, however, whether the trade-offs between benefits and harms of NSAIDs are preferable to those of parace
- Parasympathomimetic drugs for the treatment of salivary gland dysfunction due to radiotherapy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Oct-2015
This is an updated version of the original Cochrane review on parasympathomimetic drugs for the treatment of salivary gland dysfunction due to radiotherapy (published in Issue 3, 2007). Salivary gland dysfunction is a predictable side effect of radiothera
- Parenteral anticoagulation in ambulatory patients with cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Sep-2017
Anticoagulation may improve survival in patients with cancer through a speculated anti-tumour effect, in addition to the antithrombotic effect, although may increase the risk of bleeding.
- Parent-initiated oral corticosteroid therapy for intermittent wheezing illnesses in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Nov-2008
Intermittent wheezing illnesses, which include viral associated wheeze and asthma, are amongst the most common reasons for children to present urgently to a doctor. Whether parents should commence oral corticosteroids (OCS) for an episode of acute wheeze
- Patient controlled opioid analgesia versus non‐patient controlled opioid analgesia for postoperative pain
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Jun-2015
This is an updated version of the original Cochrane review published in Issue 4, 2006. Patients may control postoperative pain by self administration of intravenous opioids using devices designed for this purpose (patient controlled analgesia or PCA). A 1
- Pentoxifylline for treatment of sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis in neonates
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Mar-2015
Mortality and morbidity due to neonatal sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) remain high despite the use of potent antimicrobial agents. Agents that modulate inflammation may improve outcomes. Pentoxifylline, a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, is one su
- Pentoxifylline, propentofylline and pentifylline for acute ischaemic stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Sep-2008
Methylxanthine derivatives are vasodilators. They also inhibit platelet aggregation and thromboxane A2 synthesis, decrease the release of free radicals and may be neuroprotective. This review covers an area where no active research is taking place. It wil
- Perazine for schizophrenia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Jan-2014
Perazine is an old phenothiazine derivative used for the treatment of people with schizophrenia and is reputed to have a low level of extrapyramidal adverse effects. As far as we are aware, its use is limited to Germany, Poland, the former Yugoslavia and
- Peri‐implantation glucocorticoid administration for assisted reproductive technology cycles
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Jun-2012
In order to improve embryo implantation for in vitro fertilisation (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles the use of glucocorticoids has been advocated. It has been proposed that glucocorticoids may improve the intrauterine environment by
- Perioperative local anaesthesia for reducing pain following tonsillectomy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Oct-1999
Pain relief after tonsillectomy is an important part of post-operative management. Sometimes local anaesthetics are administed to the tonsillar region, but their effectiveness in relieving pain has not been formally assessed.
