Showing 5401-5420 of 8668 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Ocriplasmin for symptomatic vitreomacular adhesion
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Oct-2017
Symptomatic vitreomacular adhesion (sVMA) is a recognised cause of visual loss and by tradition has been managed by pars plana vitrectomy (PPV). A less invasive alternative to surgery in some people is enzymatic vitreolysis, using an intravitreal injectio
- Octreotide for the treatment of chylothorax in neonates
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Jul-2010
Routine care for chylothorax in neonate includes either conservative or surgical approaches. Octreotide, a somatostatin analogue, has been used for the management of patients with refractory chylothorax not responding to conservative management.
- Oestrogen and progestogen hormone replacement therapy for peri‐menopausal and post‐menopausal women: weight and body fat distribution
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Jul-1999
Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is commonly prescribed to treat menopausal symptoms and to prevent post-menopausal bone loss. However, many women are concerned about hormonal replacement therapy because they believe that such treatment will result in we
- Oestrogen supplementation, mainly diethylstilbestrol, for preventing miscarriages and other adverse pregnancy outcomes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Nov-2008
Laboratory evidence in the 1940s demonstrated a positive role of placental hormones in the continuation of pregnancy. It was suggested that diethylstilbestrol was the oestrogen of choice for prevention of miscarriages. Observational studies were carried o
- Oestrogen therapy for urinary incontinence in post‐menopausal women
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Oct-2012
It is possible that oestrogen deficiency may be an aetiological factor in the development of urinary incontinence in women. This is an update of a Cochrane review first published in 2003 and subsequently updated in 2009.
- Oestrogens alone or with amniotomy for cervical ripening or induction of labour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Oct-2001
It is suggested that oestrogen may promote changes in cervical favourability with minimal effect on uterine activity and could be used to induce labour or prime the cervix. A variety of oestrogen preparations (infusions, gels, creams and tablets) and rout
- Oestrogens and progestins for preventing and treating postpartum depression
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Oct-2008
Postpartum depression is a common complication of childbirth, affecting approximately 13% of women. A hormonal aetiology has long been hypothesised due to the sudden and substantial fluctuations in concentrations of steroid hormones associated with pregna
- Oestrogens for preventing recurrent urinary tract infection in postmenopausal women
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-May-2008
Recurrent urinary tract infection (RUTI) is defined as three episodes of urinary tract infection (UTI) in the previous 12 months or two episodes in the last six months. The main factors associated with RUTI in postmenopausal women are vesical prolapse, cy
- Oestrogens for treatment or prevention of pelvic organ prolapse in postmenopausal women
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Aug-2010
Pelvic organ prolapse is common and can be detected in up to 50% of parous women although many are asymptomatic. Oestrogen preparations are used to improve vaginal thinning (atrophy). It is possible that oestrogens, alone or in conjunction with other inte
- Off-pump versus on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting for ischaemic heart disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Feb-2012
Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is performed both without and with cardiopulmonary bypass, referred to as off-pump and on-pump CABG respectively. However, the preferable technique is unclear.
- Oil-soluble versus water-soluble media for assessing tubal patency with hysterosalpingography or laparoscopy in subfertile women
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Jul-2008
There has been debate in the literature for more than 40 years as to whether flushing of the Fallopian tubes enhances fertility and whether this presumed therapeutic effect is greater with oil-soluble media than with water-soluble media.
- Olanzapine alone or in combination for acute mania
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Jan-2003
Olanzapine, an atypical antipsychotic, is used in the treatment of mania both as monotherapy and combined with other medicines.
- Olanzapine for schizophrenia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Apr-2005
Olanzapine is an atypical antipsychotic reported to be effective without producing disabling extrapyramidal adverse effects associated with older, typical antipsychotic drugs.
- Olanzapine for the prevention and treatment of cancer‐related nausea and vomiting in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Sep-2018
Olanzapine as an antiemetic represents a new use of an antipsychotic drug. People with cancer may experience nausea and vomiting whilst receiving chemotherapy or radiotherapy, or whilst in the palliative phase of illness.
- Olanzapine IM or velotab for acutely disturbed/agitated people with suspected serious mental illnesses
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Aug-2009
People presenting with agitated or violent behaviour thought to be due to severe mental illness may require urgent pharmacological tranquillisation. Several preparations of olanzapine, an antipsychotic drug, are now being used for management of such agita
- Olanzapine in long‐term treatment for bipolar disorder
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Jan-2009
Many patients with bipolar disorder require long-term treatment to prevent recurrence. Antipsychotic drugs are often used to treat acute manic episodes. It is important to clarify whether olanzapine could have a role in long-term prevention of manic and d
- Olanzapine versus other atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-May-2013
In many countries of the industrialised world second generation ("atypical") antipsychotics have become the first line drug treatment for people with schizophrenia. The question as to whether, and if so how much, the effects of the various second generati
- Omalizumab for asthma in adults and children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Dec-2013
Asthma is a respiratory (airway) condition that affects an estimated 300 million people worldwide and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Omalizumab is a monoclonal antibody that binds and inhibits free serum immunoglobulin E (IgE). It
- Omega 3 fatty acid for the prevention of cognitive decline and dementia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Aug-2012
Evidence from observational studies suggests that diets high in omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) may protect people from cognitive decline and dementia. The strength of this potential protective effect has recently been tested in rand
- Omega 3 fatty acids (fish oil) for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Jun-2014
The anti-inflammatory effects of n-3 (omega-3 fatty acids, fish oil) have been suggested to be beneficial in chronic inflammatory disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease. This review is an update of a previously published Cochrane review.
