Showing 541-560 of 589 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Pregnancy and childbirth 
- Tocolysis for preventing fetal distress in second stage of labour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Apr-1996
Prophylactic tocolysis with betamimetics and other agents has become widespread as a treatment for fetal distress. Uterine relaxation may improve placental blood flow and therefore, fetal oxygenation. However, there may also be adverse maternal cardiovasc
- Tocolytics for preterm premature rupture of membranes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Feb-2014
In women with preterm labor, tocolysis has not been shown to improve perinatal mortality; however, it is often given for 48 hours to allow for the corticosteroid effect for fetal maturation. In women with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM), th
- Tocolytics for suspected intrapartum fetal distress
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Oct-2008
Prophylactic tocolysis with betamimetics and other agents has become widespread as a treatment for fetal distress. Uterine relaxation may improve placental blood flow and, therefore, fetal oxygenation. However, there may also be adverse maternal cardiovas
- Topical preparations for preventing stretch marks in pregnancy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Oct-2012
Striae gravidarum (stretch marks developing during pregnancy) occur in 50% to 90% of women. They appear as red or purple lines or streaks that fade slowly to leave pale lines or marks on the skin. The abdomen, breasts and thighs are commonly affected. The
- Topical treatment for vaginal candidiasis (thrush) in pregnancy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Oct-2001
Vaginal candidiasis (moniliasis or thrush) is a common and frequently distressing infection for many women. It is even more common in pregnancy. There is no evidence that thrush in pregnancy is harmful to the baby.
- Topically applied anaesthetics for treating perineal pain after childbirth
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Oct-2008
Perineal trauma is a major problem affecting millions of women around the world each year. The degree of perineal pain and discomfort associated with perineal trauma is often underestimated. Pain often interferes with basic daily activities for the woman
- Traditional birth attendant training for improving health behaviours and pregnancy outcomes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Aug-2012
Between the 1970s and 1990s, the World Health Organization promoted traditional birth attendant (TBA) training as one strategy to reduce maternal and neonatal mortality. To date, evidence in support of TBA training is limited but promising for some mortal
- Tranexamic acid for preventing postpartum haemorrhage
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Jun-2015
Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) is a common and potentially life-threatening complication of labour. Several options for preventing PPH are available, but further advances in this field are important, especially the identification of safe, easy to use and co
- Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for pain management in labour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Apr-2009
Transcutaneous nerve stimulation (TENS) has been proposed as a means of reducing pain in labour. The TENS unit emits low-voltage electrical impulses which vary in frequency and intensity. During labour, TENS electrodes are generally placed on the lower ba
- Transcutaneous electrostimulation for suspected placental insufficiency (diagnosed by Doppler studies)
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Apr-1996
Transcutaneous electrostimulation is thought to be able to improve blood flow and so it has been suggested that it may help to promote fetal growth.
- Transplacental versus direct fetal corticosteroid treatment for accelerating fetal lung maturation where there is a risk of preterm birth
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Jun-2018
Despite major advances in medical technology, the incidence of preterm birth remains high. The use of antenatal corticosteroid administered transplacentally, by intramuscular injection to women at risk of preterm birth, has reduced the incidence of respir
- Treatment for primary postpartum haemorrhage
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Feb-2014
Primary postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) is one of the top five causes of maternal mortality in both developed and developing countries.
- Treatment for women with postpartum iron deficiency anaemia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Oct-2004
Postpartum anaemia is associated with breathlessness, tiredness, palpitations and maternal infections. Blood transfusions or iron supplementation have been used in the treatment of iron deficiency anaemia. Recently other anaemia treatments, in particular
- Treatment of vaginal bleeding irregularities induced by progestin only contraceptives
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Oct-2013
Despite their high effectiveness, progestin-only contraceptives are considered less than ideal by the many women who experience irregular vaginal bleeding when using them. Current treatments to control these bleeding problems are not sufficiently effectiv
- Treatment of valvular heart disease during pregnancy for improving maternal and neonatal outcome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Apr-2011
Valvular heart disease constitutes the majority of all causes of heart disease in pregnancy. In the presence of valvular heart disease, the necessary haemodynamic changes of pregnancy might cause heart failure, leading to severe maternal and fetal morbidi
- Treatments for breast engorgement during lactation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Jul-2010
National surveys have shown that painful breasts are the second most common reason for giving up breastfeeding in the first two weeks after birth in the UK. One factor contributing to such pain can be breast engorgement. Views differ as to how engorgement
- Treatments for breast engorgement during lactation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Sep-2020
Engorgement is the overfilling of breasts with milk, often occurring in the early days postpartum. It results in swollen, hard, painful breasts and may lead to premature cessation of breastfeeding, decreased milk production, cracked nipples and mastitis.
- Treatments for gestational diabetes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Jul-2009
Gestational diabetes (GDM) affects 3% to 6% of all pregnancies. Women are often intensively managed with increased obstetric monitoring, dietary regulation, and insulin. However, there has been no sound evidence base to support intensive treatment. The ke
- Treatments for iron‐deficiency anaemia in pregnancy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Oct-2011
Iron deficiency, the most common cause of anaemia in pregnancy worldwide, can be mild, moderate or severe. Severe anaemia can have very serious consequences for mothers and babies, but there is controversy about whether treating mild or moderate anaemia p
- Treatments for secondary postpartum haemorrhage
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Feb-2008
Secondary postpartum haemorrhage is any abnormal or excessive bleeding from the birth canal occurring between 24 hours and 12 weeks postnatally. In developed countries, 2% of postnatal women are admitted to hospital with this condition, half of them under
