Showing 5601-5620 of 8668 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Oral vitamin B12 versus intramuscular vitamin B12 for vitamin B12 deficiency
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Mar-2018
Vitamin B12 deficiency is common, and the incidence increases with age. Most people with vitamin B12 deficiency are treated in primary care with intramuscular (IM) vitamin B12. Doctors may not be prescribing oral vitamin B12 formulations because they may
- Oral water soluble contrast for malignant bowel obstruction
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Mar-2018
Malignant bowel obstruction (MBO) is a common problem in patients with intra-abdominal cancer. Oral water soluble contrast (OWSC) has been shown to be useful in the management of adhesive small bowel obstruction in identifying patients who will recover wi
- Oral water soluble contrast for the management of adhesive small bowel obstruction
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Aug-2008
Adhesions are the leading cause of small bowel obstruction. Gastrografin transit time may allow for the selection of appropriate patients for non-operative management. Some studies have shown when the contrast does not reach the colon after a designated t
- Oral xanthines as maintenance treatment for asthma in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Jan-2006
Xanthines have been used in the treatment of asthma as a bronchodilator, though they may also have anti-inflammatory effects. The current role of xanthines in the long-term treatment of childhood asthma needs to be reassessed.
- Oral zinc for arterial and venous leg ulcers
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Sep-2014
Leg ulcers affect up to one percent of people at some time in their life. Leg ulceration is chronic in nature and ulcers may be present for months or even years without healing. After healing there is a high risk of recurrence. Treatments include wound dr
- Oral zinc for the prevention of hyperbilirubinaemia in neonates
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Jul-2015
Between 6% and 15% of neonates develop hyperbilirubinaemia requiring treatment. Successful management of neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia relies on prevention and early treatment, with phototherapy being the mainstay of treatment. Oral zinc has been reported
- Oral zinc for treating diarrhoea in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Dec-2016
In developing countries, diarrhoea causes around 500,000 child deaths annually. Zinc supplementation during acute diarrhoea is currently recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF).
- Orbital radiotherapy for adult thyroid eye disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-May-2012
Thyroid eye disease is an autoimmune inflammatory condition of the orbital and periorbital tissues. Orbital radiotherapy is an anti-inflammatory treatment used in the treatment of active thyroid eye disease. It is administered as an outpatient procedure i
- Organisation of health services for preventing and treating pressure ulcers
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Dec-2018
Pressure ulcers, which are a localised injury to the skin, or underlying tissue, or both, occur when people are unable to reposition themselves to relieve pressure on bony prominences. Pressure ulcers are often difficult to heal, painful, expensive to man
- Organisational interventions for improving wellbeing and reducing work-related stress in teachers
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Apr-2015
The teaching profession is an occupation with a high prevalence of work-related stress. This may lead to sustained physical and mental health problems in teachers. It can also negatively affect the health, wellbeing and educational attainment of children,
- Organisational interventions for preventing and minimising aggression directed towards healthcare workers by patients and patient advocates
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Apr-2020
Workplace aggression is becoming increasingly prevalent in health care, with serious consequences for both individuals and organisations. Research and development of organisational interventions to prevent and minimise workplace aggression has also increa
- Organisational travel plans for improving health
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Mar-2010
Dependence on car use has a number of broad health implications, including contributing to physical inactivity, road traffic injury, air pollution and social severance, as well as entrenching lifestyles that require environmentally unsustainable energy us
- Organised inpatient (stroke unit) care for stroke: network meta‐analysis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Apr-2020
Organised inpatient (stroke unit) care is provided by multi-disciplinary teams that manage stroke patients. This can been provided in a ward dedicated to stroke patients (stroke ward), with a peripatetic stroke team (mobile stroke team), or within a gener
- Organising healthcare services for persons with an intellectual disability
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Apr-2016
When compared to the general population, persons with an intellectual disability have lower life expectancy, higher morbidity, and more difficulty finding and obtaining healthcare. Organisational interventions are used to reconfigure the structure or deli
- Orientation and mobility training for adults with low vision
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-May-2010
Orientation and mobility (O&M) training is provided to people who are visually impaired to help them maintain travel independence. It teaches them new orientation and mobility skills to compensate for reduced visual information.
- Oropharyngeal colostrum in preventing mortality and morbidity in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Sep-2018
Placing a small volume of colostrum directly onto the buccal mucosa of preterm infants during the early neonatal period may provide immunological and growth factors that stimulate the immune system and enhance intestinal growth. These benefits could poten
- Orotracheal intubation in infants performed with a stylet versus without a stylet
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Jun-2017
Neonatal endotracheal intubation is a common and potentially life-saving intervention. It is a mandatory skill for neonatal trainees, but one that is difficult to master and maintain. Intubation opportunities for trainees are decreasing and success rates
- Orthodontic and orthopaedic treatment for anterior open bite in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Sep-2014
Anterior open bite occurs when there is a lack of vertical overlap of the upper and lower incisors. The aetiology is multifactorial including: oral habits, unfavourable growth patterns, enlarged lymphatic tissue with mouth breathing. Several treatments ha
- Orthodontic treatment for crowded teeth in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-Dec-2021
Crowded teeth develop when there is not enough space in the jaws into which the teeth can erupt. Crowding can affect baby teeth (deciduous dentititon), adult teeth (permanent dentition), or both, and is a common reason for referral to an orthodontist. Cro
- Orthodontic treatment for deep bite and retroclined upper front teeth in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Feb-2018
A Class II division 2 malocclusion is characterised by upper front teeth that are retroclined (tilted toward the roof of the mouth) and an increased overbite (deep overbite), which can cause oral problems and may affect appearance.
