- Oral anti‐diabetic agents for women with established diabetes/impaired glucose tolerance or previous gestational diabetes planning pregnancy, or pregnant women with pre‐existing diabetes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Oct-2017
While most guidance recommends the use of insulin in women whose pregnancies are affected by pre-existing diabetes, oral anti-diabetic agents may be more acceptable to women. The effects of these oral anti-diabetic agents on maternal and infant health out - Oral anti‐diabetic pharmacological therapies for the treatment of women with gestational diabetes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Jan-2017
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a major public health issue with rates increasing globally. Gestational diabetes, glucose intolerance first recognised during pregnancy, usually resolves after birth and is associated with short- and long-term compli - Oral antifungal medication for toenail onychomycosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Jul-2017
Fungal infection of the toenails, also called onychomycosis, is a common problem that causes damage to the nail's structure and physical appearance. For those severely affected, it can interfere with normal daily activities. Treatment is taken orally or a - Oral antihistamine‐decongestant‐analgesic combinations for the common cold
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Jan-2022
Although combination formulas containing antihistamines, decongestants, and/or analgesics are sold over-the-counter in large quantities for the common cold, the evidence for their effectiveness is limited. This is an update of a review first published in - Oral antiplatelet therapy for acute ischaemic stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Jan-2022
In people with acute ischaemic stroke, platelets become activated and can cause blood clots to form and block an artery in the brain, resulting in damage to part of the brain. Such damage gives rise to the symptoms of stroke. Antiplatelet therapy might re - Oral anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Jul-2016
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most common bacterial pathogen causing lung infections in people with cystic fibrosis and appropriate antibiotic therapy is vital. Antibiotics for pulmonary exacerbations are usually given intravenously, and for long-term tr - Oral antiviral therapy for prevention of genital herpes outbreaks in immunocompetent and nonpregnant patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Jul-2014
Genital herpes is caused by herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) or 2 (HSV-2). Some infected people experience outbreaks of genital herpes, typically, characterized by vesicular and erosive localized painful genital lesions. - Oral antivirals for preventing recurrent herpes simplex keratitis in people with corneal grafts
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Nov-2016
Ocular herpes is a viral infection of the eye caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV), a double-stranded DNA virus. Corneal scarring caused by herpes simplex keratitis (HSK) is the leading infectious cause of penetrating corneal graft in high-income coun - Oral appliances and functional orthopaedic appliances for obstructive sleep apnoea in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Oct-2016
Apnoea is a breathing disorder marked by the absence of airflow at the nose or mouth. In children, risk factors include adenotonsillar hypertrophy, obesity, neuromuscular disorders and craniofacial anomalies. The most common treatment for obstructive slee - Oral appliances for obstructive sleep apnoea
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Jan-2006
Obstructive sleep apnoea-hypopnoea (OSAH) is a syndrome characterised by recurrent episodes of partial or complete upper airway obstruction during sleep that are usually terminated by an arousal. Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the pri - Oral aspirin for treating venous leg ulcers
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Feb-2016
Venous leg ulcers (VLUs) or varicose ulcers are the final stage of chronic venous insufficiency (CVI), and are the most common type of leg ulcer. The development of VLUs on ankles and lower legs can occur spontaneously or after minor trauma. The ulcers ar - Oral Astragalus (Huang qi) for preventing frequent episodes of acute respiratory tract infection in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Dec-2016
Acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) are common in children and can involve both upper and lower airways. Many children experience frequent ARTI episodes or recurrent respiratory tract infections (RRTIs) in early life, which creates challenges for p - Oral beta‐blockers for mild to moderate hypertension during pregnancy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Jul-2003
Antihypertensives, such as beta-blockers, are used for pregnancy hypertension in the belief these will improve outcome for mother and baby. - Oral betamimetics for maintenance therapy after threatened preterm labour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Nov-2012
Some women who have threatened to give birth prematurely, subsequently settle. They may then take oral tocolytic maintenance therapy to prevent preterm birth and to prolong gestation. - Oral budesonide for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Oct-2015
Corticosteroids are first-line therapy for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis. Although corticosteroids may improve symptoms, they have significant adverse effects. Steroids which act topically, with less systemic side-effects may be more desira - Oral calorie supplements for cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-May-2017
Poor nutrition occurs frequently in people with cystic fibrosis and is associated with other adverse outcomes. Oral calorie supplements are used to increase total daily calorie intake and improve weight gain. However, they are expensive and there are conc - Oral care measures for preventing nursing home‐acquired pneumonia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Nov-2022
Pneumonia in residents of nursing homes can be termed nursing home-acquired pneumonia (NHAP). NHAP is one of the most common infections identified in nursing home residents and has the highest mortality of any infection in this population. NHAP is associa - Oral contraceptive pill for primary dysmenorrhoea
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Oct-2009
Dysmenorrhoea (painful menstrual cramps) is common. Combined OCPs are recommended in the management of primary dysmenorrhoea. - Oral contraceptive pill, progestogen or oestrogen pretreatment for ovarian stimulation protocols for women undergoing assisted reproductive techniques
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-May-2017
Among subfertile women undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART), hormone pills given before ovarian stimulation may improve outcomes. - Oral contraceptives containing drospirenone for premenstrual syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Feb-2012
Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a common problem. Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a severe form of premenstrual syndrome. Combined oral contraceptives, which provide both progestin and estrogen, have been examined for their ability to relieve pre
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