Showing 5641-5660 of 7110 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Restricting oral fluid and food intake during labour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Aug-2013
Restricting fluids and foods during labour is common practice across many birth settings with some women only being allowed sips of water or ice chips. Restriction of oral intake may be unpleasant for some women, and may adversely influence their experien
- Restriction of oral intake of water for aspiration lung disease in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Jul-2012
Primary aspiration of food and fluid is commonly seen in children with feeding and swallowing difficulties associated with a range of diseases and complex medical conditions. Respiratory sequelae and pneumonia are known to be associated with primary aspir
- Retention procedures for stabilising tooth position after treatment with orthodontic braces
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Jan-2016
Retention is the phase of orthodontic treatment that attempts to keep teeth in the corrected positions after treatment with orthodontic braces. Without a phase of retention, there is a tendency for teeth to return to their initial position (relapse). To p
- Retention versus sacrifice of the posterior cruciate ligament in total knee arthroplasty for treating osteoarthritis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Sep-2013
The functional and clinical basis on which to choose whether or not to retain the posterior cruciate ligament during total knee arthroplasty surgery remained unclear after a Cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis in 2005, which contained eight clini
- Retinoic acid post consolidation therapy for high-risk neuroblastoma patients treated with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Jan-2015
Neuroblastoma is a rare malignant disease and mainly affects infants and very young children. The tumors mainly develop in the adrenal medullary tissue and an abdominal mass is the most common presentation. About 50% of patients have metastatic disease at
- Retinoids for preventing the progression of cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Feb-2014
Invasive cervical carcinoma is preceded by a precancerous phase, cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia (CIN), which can be detected on cervical smears and confirmed by colposcopy and biopsy. Moderate and severe cases of intra-epithelial neoplasia (CIN2 and
- Retroperitoneal drainage versus no drainage after pelvic lymphadenectomy for the prevention of lymphocyst formation in patients with gynaecological malignancies
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Jun-2014
This is an updated version of the original Cochrane review published in Issue 1, 2010. Pelvic lymphadenectomy is associated with significant complications including lymphocyst formation and related morbidities. Retroperitoneal drainage using suction drain
- Rheum officinale (a traditional Chinese medicine) for chronic kidney disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Jun-2015
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major public health issue worldwide. Standard therapies to delay CKD progression include dietary protein restriction and administration of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) and angiotensin receptor blockers
- Rho kinase inhibitor for primary open‐angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Jun-2022
Glaucoma is a group of optic neuropathies characterized by progressive degeneration of the retinal ganglion cells, axonal loss and irreversible visual field defects. Glaucoma is classified as primary or secondary, and worldwide, primary glaucoma is a lead
- Ribavirin monotherapy for chronic hepatitis C
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Aug-2009
Hepatitis C is a major cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality. A high proportion of patients never experience symptoms. Peginterferon plus ribavirin is the recommended treatment for chronic hepatitis C. However, ribavirin monotherapy may be consid
- Ribavirin plus interferon versus interferon for chronic hepatitis C
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Nov-2009
Hepatitis C is a major cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality. Standard therapy is ribavirin plus pegylated interferon to achieve undetectable level of virus in the blood, but the effect on clinical outcomes is controversial.
- Ribavirin with or without alpha interferon for chronic hepatitis C
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Oct-2008
Hepatitis C is a major cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality. Ribavirin plus interferon combination therapy is presently considered the optimal treatment of interferon naive patients with chronic hepatitis C, but its role in relapsers and non-res
- Rice-based oral rehydration solution for treating diarrhoea
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Nov-2009
Oral rehydration therapy is used to treat dehydration caused by diarrhoea. However the rehydration solution does not reduce stool loss or length of illness. A solution able to do this may lessen the use of ineffective diarrhoea treatments as well as impro
- Rifabutin for treating pulmonary tuberculosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Nov-2009
Rifamycins are an essential component of modern short-course regimens for treating tuberculosis. Rifabutin has favourable pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties and is less prone to drug-drug interactions than rifampicin. It could contribute to sh
- Rifamycins (rifampicin, rifabutin and rifapentine) compared to isoniazid for preventing tuberculosis in HIV-negative people at risk of active TB
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Jun-2013
Preventing active tuberculosis (TB) from developing in people with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is important for global TB control. Isoniazid (INH) for six to nine months has 60% to 90% protective efficacy, but the treatment period is long, liver
- Riluzole for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)/motor neuron disease (MND)
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Feb-2012
Riluzole is approved for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in most countries. Questions persist about its clinical utility because of high cost and modest efficacy.
- Rimonabant for overweight or obesity
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Nov-2008
Worldwide, the prevalence of obesity and overweight in industrialized countries and in a substantial number of developing countries is increasing at an alarming rate. Rimonabant is a selective cannabinoid-1 receptor antagonist that has been investigated f
- Risedronate for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-May-2022
Osteoporosis is an abnormal reduction in bone mass and bone deterioration leading to increased fracture risk. Risedronate belongs to the bisphosphonate class of drugs which act to inhibit bone resorption by interfering with the activity of osteoclasts. Th
- Risk assessment tools for the prevention of pressure ulcers
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Feb-2014
Use of pressure ulcer risk assessment tools or scales is a component of the assessment process used to identify individuals at risk of developing a pressure ulcer. Indeed, use of a risk assessment tool is recommended by many international pressure ulcer p
- Risk of fatal and nonfatal lactic acidosis with metformin use in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Mar-2010
Metformin is an oral anti-hyperglycemic agent that has been shown to reduce total mortality compared to other anti-hyperglycemic agents, in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Metformin, however, is thought to increase the risk of lactic acidosis,
