Showing 5741-5760 of 7110 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Scalpel versus electrosurgery for abdominal incisions
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-May-2012
Scalpels or electrosurgery can be used to make abdominal incisions. The potential benefits of electrosurgery include reduced blood loss, dry and rapid separation of tissue, and reduced risk of cutting injury to surgeons, though there are concerns about po
- Scalpel versus no-scalpel incision for vasectomy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Mar-2014
Currently, the two most common surgical techniques for approaching the vas during vasectomy are the incisional method and the no-scalpel technique. Whereas the conventional incisional technique involves the use of a scalpel to make one or two incisions, t
- Scapular fixation in muscular dystrophy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-May-2011
Winging of the scapula is caused by weakness of the thoracoscapular muscles, which allows the scapula to lift off the chest wall during shoulder movements. In facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (and occasionally in other muscular dystrophies) there is
- 'Scared Straight' and other juvenile awareness programs for preventing juvenile delinquency
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Mar-2013
'Scared Straight' and other similar programs involve organized visits to prison by juvenile delinquents or children at risk for criminal behavior. Programs are designed to deter participants from future offending through firsthand observation of prison li
- Schedules for home visits in the early postpartum period
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Jul-2021
Maternal complications, including psychological/mental health problems and neonatal morbidity, have commonly been observed in the postpartum period. Home visits by health professionals or lay supporters in the weeks following birth may prevent health prob
- School dental screening programmes for oral health
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Jul-2022
In school dental screening, a dental health professional visually inspects children’s oral cavities in a school setting and provides information for parents on their child's current oral health status and treatment needs. Screening at school aims to ident
- School feeding for improving the physical and psychosocial health of disadvantaged students
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Nov-2008
Early malnutrition and/or micronutrient deficiencies can adversely affect physical, mental, and social aspects of child health. School feeding programs are designed to improve attendance, achievement, growth, and other health outcomes.
- School policies for preventing smoking among young people
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Feb-2016
School tobacco policies (STPs) might prove to be a promising strategy to prevent smoking initiation among adolescents, as there is evidence that the school environment can influence young people to smoke. STPs are cheap, relatively easy to implement and h
- School-based driver education for the prevention of traffic crashes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Aug-2008
In the UK, drivers aged 17 to 21 years make up 7% of licence holders but 13% of drivers involved in road traffic crashes resulting in injury. As in many countries, the UK government has proposed to tackle this problem with driver education programmes in s
- School-based education programmes for the prevention of child sexual abuse
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Apr-2015
Child sexual abuse is a significant global problem in both magnitude and sequelae. The most widely used primary prevention strategy has been the provision of school-based education programmes. Although programmes have been taught in schools since the 1980
- School-based physical activity programs for promoting physical activity and fitness in children and adolescents aged 6 to 18
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Dec-2012
The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 1.9 million deaths worldwide are attributable to physical inactivity and at least 2.6 million deaths are a result of being overweight or obese. In addition, WHO estimates that physical inactivity causes 1
- School-based programmes for preventing smoking
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-May-2013
Helping young people to avoid starting smoking is a widely endorsed public health goal, and schools provide a route to communicate with nearly all young people. School-based interventions have been delivered for close to 40 years.
- School-based secondary prevention programmes for preventing violence
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Jul-2009
Early aggressive behaviour is a risk factor for later violence and criminal behaviour. Despite over 20 years of violence prevention interventions being delivered in the school setting, questions remain regarding the effectiveness of different intervention
- Sclerotherapy for lower limb telangiectasias
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Dec-2011
Sclerotherapy has been used in clinical practice for centuries, but there is still no consensus about which, if any, sclerosing agent provides the best results.
- Scopolamine (hyoscine) for preventing and treating motion sickness
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-May-2011
This is an update of a Cochrane Review first published in The Cochrane Library in Issue 3, 2004 and previously updated in 2007 and 2009.
- Screening and case finding instruments for depression
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Nov-2008
Screening or case finding instruments have been advocated as a simple, quick and inexpensive method to improve detection and management of depression in non-specialist settings, such as primary care and the general hospital. However, screening/case findin
- Screening and subsequent management for gestational diabetes for improving maternal and infant health
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Apr-2015
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a form of diabetes that occurs in pregnancy. Although GDM usually resolves following birth, it is associated with significant morbidities for mother and baby both perinatally and in the long term. There is strong evi
- Screening and subsequent management for thyroid dysfunction pre-pregnancy and during pregnancy for improving maternal and infant health
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Sep-2015
Thyroid dysfunction pre-pregnancy and during pregnancy (both hyper- and hypothyroidism) is associated with increased risk of adverse outcomes for mothers and infants in the short- and long-term. Managing the thyroid dysfunction (e.g. thyroxine for hypothy
- Screening for abdominal aortic aneurysm
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Jan-2011
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is found in 5% to 10% of men aged 65 to 79 years. The major complication is rupture which presents as a surgical emergency. The mortality after rupture is high, 80% for patients reaching hospital and 50% for those undergoin
- Screening for aspiration risk associated with dysphagia in acute stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Oct-2021
Stroke can affect people’s ability to swallow, resulting in passage of some food and drink into the airway. This can cause choking, chest infection, malnutrition and dehydration, reduced rehabilitation, increased risk of anxiety and depression, longer hos
