Showing 5841-5860 of 8668 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Pergolide for levodopa-induced complications in Parkinson's disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Nov-2008
In later Parkinson's disease, long-term treatment with levodopa therapy is associated with the development of motor complications which include abnormal involuntary movements (dyskinesia) and a shortening response to each dose (wearing off phenomenon). Do
- Pergolide versus bromocriptine for levodopa-induced complications in Parkinson's disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Nov-2008
Long-term levodopa therapy in Parkinson's disease is associated with the development of motor complications including abnormal involuntary movements and a shortening response to each dose (wearing off phenomenon). It is thought that dopamine agonists can
- Perianal injectable bulking agents as treatment for faecal incontinence in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Jan-2013
Faecal incontinence is a complex and distressing condition with significant medical and social implications. Injection of perianal bulking agents has been used to treat the symptoms of passive faecal incontinence. However, various agents have been used wi
- Peribulbar versus retrobulbar anaesthesia for cataract surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Jul-2015
Cataract is a major cause of blindness worldwide. Unless medically contraindicated, cataract surgery is usually performed under local (regional) anaesthesia. Local anaesthesia involves the blockage of a nerve subserving a given part of the body. It involv
- Pericyazine for schizophrenia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-May-2014
Pericyazine is a 3-cyano-10 (3-4'-hydroxypiperidinopropyl) phenothiazine. It is overall pharmacologically similar with chlorpromazine, though particularly sedating. Dopamine receptor subtype analysis has not been performed for pericyazine, but the drug ap
- Peri‐implantation glucocorticoid administration for assisted reproductive technology cycles
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Jun-2012
In order to improve embryo implantation for in vitro fertilisation (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles the use of glucocorticoids has been advocated. It has been proposed that glucocorticoids may improve the intrauterine environment by
- Perineal techniques during the second stage of labour for reducing perineal trauma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Jun-2017
Most vaginal births are associated with trauma to the genital tract. The morbidity associated with perineal trauma can be significant, especially when it comes to third- and fourth-degree tears. Different interventions including perineal massage, warm or
- Periodontal therapy as adjunctive treatment for gastric Helicobacter pylori infection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Feb-2016
Helicobacter pylori is estimated to affect about half the world's population and is considered as the main cause of chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer disease. Eradication of H. pylori infection accelerates ulcer healing and prevents relapse, reducing in
- Periodontal therapy for primary or secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease in people with periodontitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Dec-2019
There may be an association between periodontitis and cardiovascular disease (CVD); however, the evidence so far has been uncertain about whether periodontal therapy can help prevent CVD in people diagnosed with chronic periodontitis. This is the second u
- Perioperative administration of buffered versus non‐buffered crystalloid intravenous fluid to improve outcomes following adult surgical procedures
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Sep-2017
Perioperative fluid strategies influence clinical outcomes following major surgery. Many intravenous fluid preparations are based on simple solutions, such as normal saline, that feature an electrolyte composition that differs from that of physiological p
- Perioperative alcohol cessation intervention for postoperative complications
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Nov-2018
Risky consumption of alcohol is a global problem. More than 3.3 million deaths annually are associated with risky use of alcohol, and global alcohol consumption continues to increase. People who have high alcohol consumption often require planned and emer
- Perioperative angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers for preventing mortality and morbidity in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Apr-2017
Perioperative hypertension requires careful management. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) or angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers (ARBs) have shown efficacy in treating hypertension associated with surgery. However, there is lack of cons
- Perioperative antibiotics for preventing post‐surgical site infections in solid organ transplant recipients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Aug-2020
Solid organ transplant recipients are at high risk for infections due to the complexity of surgical procedures combined with the impact of immunosuppression. No consensus exists on the role of antibiotics for surgical site infections in solid organ transp
- Perioperative antibiotics for prevention of acute endophthalmitis after cataract surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Feb-2017
Endophthalmitis is a severe inflammation of the anterior or posterior (or both) chambers of the eye that may be sterile or associated with infection. It is a potentially vision-threatening complication of cataract surgery. Prophylactic measures for endoph
- Perioperative antibiotics to prevent infection after first-trimester abortion
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Feb-2012
There are two main strategies for the prevention of post-abortal upper genital tract infection: antibiotics given around the time of surgery for all women; and 'screen-and-treat', in which all women presenting for abortion are screened for genital infecti
- Perioperative beta‐blockers for preventing surgery‐related mortality and morbidity
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Mar-2018
Randomized controlled trials have yielded conflicting results regarding the ability of beta-blockers to influence perioperative cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Thus routine prescription of these drugs in unselected patients remains a controversial
- Perioperative beta‐blockers for preventing surgery‐related mortality and morbidity in adults undergoing cardiac surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Sep-2019
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have yielded conflicting results regarding the ability of beta-blockers to influence perioperative cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Thus routine prescription of these drugs in unselected patients remains a contro
- Perioperative beta‐blockers for preventing surgery‐related mortality and morbidity in adults undergoing non‐cardiac surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Sep-2019
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have yielded conflicting results regarding the ability of beta-blockers to influence perioperative cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Thus routine prescription of these drugs in an unselected population remains a c
- Perioperative blood transfusions and recurrence of colorectal cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Feb-2011
The improvement of renal allograft survival by pre-transplantation transfusions alerted to the potential detrimental effect of transfusions in cancer treatment.
- Perioperative chemo(radio)therapy versus primary surgery for resectable adenocarcinoma of the stomach, gastroesophageal junction, and lower esophagus
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Mar-2013
The outcome of patients with locally advanced gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma (adenocarcinoma of the esophagus, gastroesophageal (GE) junction, and stomach) is poor. There is conflicting evidence regarding the effects of perioperative chemotherapy on surv
