Showing 41-60 of 374 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Oncology 
- Biopsy versus resection for high grade glioma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Feb-2015
Patients with a presumed high grade glioma (HGG) identified by clinical evaluation and radiological investigation have two initial surgical options; biopsy or resection. In certain situations, such as severe raised intra-cranial pressure, surgical resecti
- Bisphosphonates and other bone agents for breast cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Jan-2012
Bone is the most common site of metastatic disease associated with breast cancer (BC). Bisphosphonates inhibit osteoclast-mediated bone resorption, and novel targeted therapies such as denosumab, inhibit key pathways in the vicious cycle of bone metastase
- Bisphosphonates for advanced prostate cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Nov-2009
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men in many western countries. It is characterized by its propensity for bone metastases which occur in more than 80% of patients with advanced disease. Patients are at risk of complications including pain, hyp
- Bisphosphonates for the relief of pain secondary to bone metastases
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Aug-2009
Bisphosphonates form part of standard therapy for hypercalcemia and the prevention of skeletal events in some cancers. However, the role of bisphosphonates in pain relief for bony metastases remains uncertain.
- Bisphosphonates in multiple myeloma: a network meta-analysis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Apr-2012
Bisphosphonates are specific inhibitors of osteoclastic activity and used in the treatment of patients with multiple myeloma (MM). While bisphosphonates are shown to be effective in reducing vertebral fractures and pain, their role in improving overall su
- Blood transfusions for anaemia in patients with advanced cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Feb-2016
Anaemia occurs in 68% to 77% of patients with advanced cancer, however, only a minority of patients who are admitted to a hospice receive a blood transfusion. It is unclear what the benefit of blood transfusion is in advanced cancer, who is most likely to
- Calcitonin for metastatic bone pain
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jul-2006
Pain is the most frequent symptom experienced by cancer patients, its intensity dependent on the site of the tumour. Tumours that compromise bone or nervous structures due to the bone destruction process are the most painful. There are several treatments
- Cancer genetic risk assessment for individuals at risk of familial breast cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Jan-2012
The recognition of an inherited component to breast cancer has led to an increase in demand for information, reassurance, and genetic testing, which has resulted in the creation of genetic clinics for familial cancer. The first step for patients referred
- Centralisation of services for gynaecological cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Feb-2015
Gynaecological cancers are the second most common cancers among women. It has been suggested that centralised care improves outcomes but consensus is lacking.
- Chemoimmunotherapy versus chemotherapy for metastatic malignant melanoma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Aug-2013
Malignant melanoma, one of the most aggressive of all skin cancers, is increasing in incidence throughout the world. Surgery remains the cornerstone of curative treatment in earlier stages. Metastatic disease is incurable in most affected people, because
- Chemoradiation for advanced primary vulval cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Mar-2014
Vulval cancer is a rare gynaecological cancer. There is no standard approach for treating locally advanced primary vulval cancer (FIGO stage III and IV). Combined treatment modalities have been developed using radiotherapy, chemotherapy and surgery. The a
- Chemotherapy alone versus chemotherapy plus radiotherapy for early stage Hodgkin lymphoma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Feb-2011
Combined modality treatment (CMT) consisting of chemotherapy followed by localised radiotherapy is standard treatment for patients with early stage Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). However, due to long term adverse effects such as secondary malignancies, the role o
- Chemotherapy alone versus endocrine therapy alone for metastatic breast cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-May-2011
Both chemotherapy and endocrine therapy can be used as treatments for metastatic breast cancer.
- Chemotherapy and radiotherapy for inoperable advanced pancreatic cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Aug-2009
Pancreatic cancer has a poor prognosis. The benefit of chemotherapy, radiotherapy or both as a palliative treatment of advanced or relapsed disease is uncertain.
- Chemotherapy and supportive care versus supportive care alone for advanced non-small cell lung cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Sep-2012
Since our individual patient data (IPD) meta-analysis of supportive care and chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), published in 1995, many trials have been completed. We have carried out an updated IPD meta-analysis to assess newer regimens
- Chemotherapy and surgery versus surgery alone in non-small cell lung cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Sep-2008
The role of pre-operative chemotherapy in the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was not clear. A systematic review and quantitative meta-analysis were therefore undertaken to evaluate the available evidence from randomised tria
- Chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy in combination with surgery for ovarian carcinosarcoma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Mar-2014
Ovarian carcinosarcoma, also known as malignant mixed Mullerian tumour, is a rare malignant gynaecological tumour constituting about 1% or less of all ovarian cancers. In over 80% of cases, there is extra-ovarian intra-abdominal spread at diagnosis. The p
- Chemotherapy as an adjunct to radiotherapy in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Apr-2015
A previous meta-analysis investigated the role of chemotherapy in head and neck locally advanced carcinoma. This work had not been performed on nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
- Chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Feb-2010
Gastric cancer currently ranks second in global cancer mortality. Most patients are either diagnosed at an advanced stage, or develop a relapse after surgery with curative intent. Apart from supportive care and palliative radiation to localized (e.g. bone
- Chemotherapy for advanced ovarian cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Feb-2011
Ovarian carcinoma is the seventh commonest female cancer worldwide and is responsible for the greatest number of deaths from gynaecological malignancy in Europe and North America. Although many studies have explored the use of chemotherapy in this disease
