Showing 41-60 of 1273 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Special categories 
- Anaesthesia for treating distal radial fracture in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Nov-2008
Fracture of the distal radius is a common clinical problem, particularly in older white women with osteoporosis. Anaesthesia is usually provided during manipulation of displaced fractures or during surgical treatment.
- Analgesia in patients with acute abdominal pain
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Nov-2010
For decades, the indication of analgesia in patients with Acute Abdominal Pain (AAP) has been deferred until the definitive diagnosis has been made, for fear of masking symptoms, generating a change in the physical exploration or obstructing the diagnosis
- Angioplasty (versus non surgical management) for intermittent claudication
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Jul-2008
Intermittent claudication is pain in the legs due to muscle ischaemia associated with arterial stenosis or occlusion. Angioplasty is a technique that involves dilatation and recanalisation of a stenosed or occluded artery.
- Angioplasty for intracranial artery stenosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Jul-2008
Intracranial artery stenosis causes up to 10% of all ischaemic strokes. The rate of recurrent vascular ischaemic events is very high. Angioplasty with or without stent placement is a feasible procedure to dilate the vessel affected. However, its safety an
- Antenatal dietary education and supplementation to increase energy and protein intake
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Jun-2015
Gestational weight gain is positively associated with fetal growth, and observational studies of food supplementation in pregnancy have reported increases in gestational weight gain and fetal growth.
- Antenatal education for self-diagnosis of the onset of active labour at term
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Dec-2012
A specific program designed to teach women to recognise active labour may be beneficial through potentially decreasing the incidence of early admission to hospital, increasing women's confidence, feelings of control and empowerment, and decreasing their a
- Anterior vaginal repair for urinary incontinence in women
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Nov-2009
Anterior vaginal repair (anterior colporrhaphy) is an operation traditionally used for moderate or severe stress urinary incontinence in women. About a third of adult women experience urinary incontinence.
- Antiarrhythmics for maintaining sinus rhythm after cardioversion of atrial fibrillation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Apr-2015
Atrial fibrillation is the most frequent sustained arrhythmia. Atrial fibrillation frequently recurs after restoration of normal sinus rhythm. Antiarrhythmic drugs have been widely used to prevent recurrence, but the effect of these drugs on mortality and
- Antibiotic duration for treating uncomplicated, symptomatic lower urinary tract infections in elderly women
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-May-2008
Urinary tract infections (UTI) are common in elderly patients. Authors of non systematic literature reviews often recommend longer treatment durations (7 to 14 days) for older women, but the evidence for such recommendations is unclear.
- Antibiotic prophylaxis during the second and third trimester to reduce adverse pregnancy outcomes and morbidity
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jun-2015
Several studies have suggested that prophylactic antibiotics given during pregnancy improved maternal and perinatal outcomes, while others have shown no benefit and some have reported adverse effects.
- Antibiotic prophylaxis for bacterial infections in afebrile neutropenic patients following chemotherapy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Feb-2015
Bacterial infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients who are neutropenic following chemotherapy for malignancy. Trials have shown the efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis in reducing the incidence of bacterial infections but not in
- Antibiotic prophylaxis for cirrhotic patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Aug-2010
Bacterial infections are a frequent complication in patients with cirrhosis and upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Antibiotic prophylaxis seems to decrease the incidence of bacterial infections. Oral antibiotics, active against enteric bacteria, have been c
- Antibiotic prophylaxis for intrauterine contraceptive device insertion
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Apr-2012
Concern about the risk of upper genital tract infection (pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)) often limits use of the intrauterine device (IUD), a highly effective contraceptive. Prophylactic antibiotic administration around the time of induced abortion sig
- Antibiotic prophylaxis for mammalian bites
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Apr-2008
Bites by mammals are a common problem and they account for up to 1% of all visits to hospital emergency rooms. Dog and cat bites are the most common and people are usually bitten by their own pets or by an animal known to them. School-age children make up
- Antibiotic prophylaxis for operative vaginal delivery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Mar-2020
Vacuum and forceps assisted vaginal deliveries are reported to increase the incidence of postpartum infections and maternal readmission to hospital compared to spontaneous vaginal delivery. Prophylactic antibiotics may be prescribed to prevent these infec
- Antibiotic prophylaxis for preventing bacterial endocarditis following dental procedures
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-May-2022
Infective endocarditis is a severe infection arising in the lining of the chambers of the heart. It can be caused by fungi, but most often is caused by bacteria. Many dental procedures cause bacteraemia, which could lead to bacterial endocarditis in a sma
- Antibiotic prophylaxis for prevention of postoperative wound infection in adults undergoing open elective inguinal or femoral hernia repair
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Apr-2020
Inguinal or femoral hernia is a tissue protrusion in the groin region and has a cumulative incidence of 27% in adult men and of 3% in adult women. As most hernias become symptomatic over time, groin hernia repair is one of the most frequently performed su
- Antibiotic prophylaxis for short-term catheter bladder drainage in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Jul-2013
Urinary tract infections account for about 40% of hospital-acquired (nosocomial) infections, and about 80% of urinary tract infections acquired in hospital are associated with urinary catheters.
- Antibiotic prophylaxis for surgery for proximal femoral and other closed long bone fractures
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Feb-2010
Surgical site infection and other hospital-acquired infections cause significant morbidity after internal fixation of fractures. The administration of antibiotics may reduce the frequency of infections.
- Antibiotic prophylaxis in clean and clean-contaminated ear surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Nov-2009
This is an update of a Cochrane Review first published in Issue 3, 2004 and previously updated in 2007.
