Showing 41-60 of 305 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Endocrine and nutrition 
- Cellulose, modified cellulose and synthetic membranes in the haemodialysis of patients with end‐stage renal disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Jul-2005
When the kidney fails the blood-borne metabolites of protein breakdown and water cannot be excreted. The principle of haemodialysis is that such substances can be removed when blood is passed over a semipermeable membrane. Natural membrane materials inclu
- Chest physiotherapy compared to no chest physiotherapy for cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Dec-2015
Chest physiotherapy is widely used in people with cystic fibrosis in order to clear mucus from the airways. This is an updated version of previously published reviews.
- Chinese herbal medicines for hyperthyroidism
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Apr-2007
Hyperthyroidism is a disease in which excessive amounts of thyroid hormones circulate in the blood. Patients, among other things suffer from tachycardia, warm moist skin and raised body temperature. The treatment of hyperthyroidism includes symptom relief
- Chinese herbal medicines for type 2 diabetes mellitus
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Oct-2008
Traditional Chinese herbal medicines have been used for a long time to treat diabetes, and many controlled trials have been done to investigate their efficacy.
- Chitosan for overweight or obesity
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-May-2008
Chitosan, a deacetylated chitin, is a dietary supplement reported to decrease body weight. It is widely available over the counter worldwide and although evaluated in a number of trials its efficacy remains in dispute.
- Chromium picolinate supplementation for overweight or obese adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Nov-2013
Obesity is a global public health threat. Chromium picolinate (CrP) is advocated in the medical literature for the reduction of body weight, and preparations are sold as slimming aids in the USA and Europe, and on the Internet.
- Colchicine for acute gout
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Aug-2021
This is an updated Cochrane Review, first published in 2006 and updated in 2014. Gout is one of the most common rheumatic diseases worldwide. Despite the use of colchicine as one of the first-line therapies for the treatment of acute gout, evidence for it
- Colloid solutions for fluid resuscitation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Jul-2012
Colloids are widely used in the replacement of fluid volume. However, doubts remain as to which colloid is best. Different colloids vary in their molecular weight and therefore in the length of time they remain in the circulatory system. Because of this,
- Combination contraceptives: effects on weight
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Jan-2014
Weight gain is often considered a side effect of combination hormonal contraceptives, and many women and clinicians believe that an association exists. Concern about weight gain can limit the use of this highly effective method of contraception by deterri
- Combined vitamin B6‐magnesium treatment in autism spectrum disorder
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Oct-2005
The use of mega-vitamin intervention began in the 1950s with the treatment of schizophrenic patients. Pyroxidine (vitamin B6) was first used with children diagnosed with "autism syndrome" when speech and language improvement was observed in some children
- Community‐based supplementary feeding for promoting the growth of children under five years of age in low and middle income countries
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Jun-2012
Supplementary feeding is defined as the provision of extra food to children or families beyond the normal ration of their home diets. The impact of food supplementation on child growth merits careful evaluation in view of the reliance of many states and n
- Computer-assisted versus oral-and-written dietary history taking for diabetes mellitus
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Dec-2011
Diabetes is a chronic illness characterised by insulin resistance or deficiency, resulting in elevated glycosylated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels. Diet and adherence to dietary advice is associated with lower HbA1c levels and control of disease. Dietary
- Computer-assisted versus oral-and-written family history taking for identifying people with elevated risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Nov-2011
Diabetes is a chronic illness characterised by insulin resistance or deficiency, resulting in elevated glycosylated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels. Because diabetes tends to run in families, the collection of data is an important tool for identifying peop
- Continuous infusion versus bolus injection of loop diuretics in congestive heart failure
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Jul-2005
Loop diuretics, when given as intermittent bolus injections in acutely decompensated heart failure, may cause fluctuations in intravascular volume, increased toxicity and development of tolerance. Continuous infusion has been proposed to avoid these compl
- Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) versus multiple insulin injections for type 1 diabetes mellitus
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Jan-2010
Type 1 diabetes is a metabolic disorder resulting from a defect in insulin secretion. Onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus may occur at any age and it is one of the most common chronic diseases of childhood and adolescence. Since there are no interventions k
- Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion versus multiple daily injections of insulin for pregnant women with diabetes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Jun-2016
Diabetes results in a rise in blood glucose above normal physiological levels; if untreated this may cause damage to many systems including the cardiovascular and renal systems. Pregnancy increases resistance to insulin action; for those women who have pr
- Conventional chest physiotherapy compared to other airway clearance techniques for cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Jan-2013
Cystic fibrosis is an inherited life-limiting disorder, characterised by pulmonary infections and thick airway secretions. Chest physiotherapy has been integral to clinical management in facilitating removal of airway secretions. Conventional chest physio
- Correction of chronic metabolic acidosis for chronic kidney disease patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Jan-2007
Metabolic acidosis is a feature of chronic kidney disease (CKD) due to the reduced capacity of the kidney to synthesise ammonia and excrete hydrogen ions. It has adverse consequences on protein and muscle metabolism, bone turnover and the development of r
- Corticosteroids for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-May-2016
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is the most common muscular dystrophy of childhood. Untreated, this incurable disease, which has an X-linked recessive inheritance, is characterised by muscle wasting and loss of walking ability, leading to complete wheel
- Cyproterone acetate for hirsutism
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Mar-2009
Hirsutism is a distressing and relatively common endocrine problem in women which may prove difficult to manage. Cyproterone acetate, an anti-androgen, is frequently used to treat hirsutism, usually in combination with ethinyl estradiol.
