Showing 41-60 of 389 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Gynecologic 
- Assisted hatching on assisted conception (in vitro fertilisation (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI))
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Feb-2013
Failure of implantation and conception may result from an inability of the blastocyst to escape from its outer coat, which is known as the zona pellucida. Artificial disruption of this coat is known as assisted hatching and has been proposed as a method f
- Assisted reproductive technologies for male subfertility
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Feb-2016
Intra-uterine insemination (IUI), in vitro fertilisation (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) are frequently used fertility treatments for couples with male subfertility. The use of these treatments has been subject of discussion. Knowledge o
- Barrier agents for adhesion prevention after gynaecological surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Apr-2015
Pelvic adhesions can form as a result of inflammation, endometriosis or surgical trauma. During pelvic surgery, strategies to reduce pelvic adhesion formation include placing barrier agents such as oxidised regenerated cellulose, polytetrafluoroethylene o
- Bed rest during pregnancy for preventing miscarriage
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Sep-2010
Miscarriage is pregnancy loss before 23 weeks of gestational age. It happens in 10% to 15% of pregnancies depending on maternal age and parity. It is associated with chromosomal defects in about a half or two-thirds of cases. Many interventions have been
- Behavioural interventions for dysmenorrhoea
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Sep-2011
Dysmenorrhoea refers to the occurrence of painful menstrual cramps of uterine origin and is a common gynaecological condition with considerable morbidity. The behavioural approach assumes that psychological and environmental factors interact with, and inf
- Beta2-adrenoceptor agonists for dysmenorrhoea
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Apr-2012
Dysmenorrhoea is a common gynaecological complaint that can affect as many as 50% of premenopausal women, 10% of whom suffer severely enough to be rendered incapacitated for one to three days during each menstrual cycle. Primary dysmenorrhoea is where wom
- Biphasic versus monophasic oral contraceptives for contraception
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-May-2011
Side effects caused by oral contraceptives discourage compliance with, and continuation of, oral contraceptives (OCs). Three approaches have been used to decrease these adverse effects: reduction of steroid dose, development of new steroids, and new formu
- Biphasic versus triphasic oral contraceptives for contraception
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-May-2011
Side effects caused by oral contraceptives discourage compliance with, and continuation of, oral contraceptives. A suggested disadvantage of biphasic compared to triphasic oral contraceptive (OC) pills is an increase in breakthrough bleeding. We conducted
- Bisphosphonate therapy for children and adolescents with secondary osteoporosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-May-2010
Children with chronic illnesses are at increased risk for reductions in bone strength and subsequent fractures (osteoporosis), either due to the impact of the underlying condition on skeletal development or due to the osteotoxic effect of medications (e.g
- Bisphosphonates and other bone agents for breast cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Jan-2012
Bone is the most common site of metastatic disease associated with breast cancer (BC). Bisphosphonates inhibit osteoclast-mediated bone resorption, and novel targeted therapies such as denosumab, inhibit key pathways in the vicious cycle of bone metastase
- Bisphosphonates for steroid induced osteoporosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-May-2010
Corticosteroids are widely used in inflammatory conditions as an immunosuppressive agent. Diseases treated with corticosteroids include connective tissue diseases, asthma, inflammatory bowel disease and organ transplantation. Bone loss is a serious side e
- Bladder training for urinary incontinence in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Nov-2008
Urinary incontinence is a common and distressing problem. Bladder training aims to increase the interval between voids and is widely used for the treatment of urinary incontinence.
- Botulinum toxin injections for adults with overactive bladder syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Nov-2011
Overactive bladder syndrome (OAB) is a common condition with a significant negative impact on quality of life characterised by urgency with or without urge incontinence, frequency and nocturia. Intravesical botulinum toxin is being increasingly used to t
- Bromocriptine for unexplained subfertility in women
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Jul-2008
Bromocriptine improves hyperprolactinemic amenorrhea and so could also be helpful in the treatment of unexplained subfertility in women.
- Cabergoline for preventing ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jan-2012
Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a complication resulting from administration of human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) in assisted reproduction technology (ART) treatment. Most case are mild, but forms of moderate or severe OHSS appear in 3% to 8
- Calcitonin for preventing and treating corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-May-2010
Corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis is a cause of morbidity in patients with chronic obstructive lung disease, asthma, and rheumatologic disorders. Corticosteroid treatment causes bone loss by a variety of complex mechanisms. It has been shown that bone m
- Calcium and vitamin D for corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-May-2010
Osteoporosis and subsequent fracture are a major cause of morbidity and mortality. It is defined by low bone mass, and has many etiologies with different patterns of bone loss. Corticosteroid therapy is a contributor to the development of osteoporosis. St
- Calcium supplementation for improving bone mineral density in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Mar-2010
Clinical trials have shown that calcium supplementation in children can increase bone mineral density (BMD) although this effect may not be maintained. There has been no quantitative systematic review of this intervention.
- Cancer genetic risk assessment for individuals at risk of familial breast cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Jan-2012
The recognition of an inherited component to breast cancer has led to an increase in demand for information, reassurance, and genetic testing, which has resulted in the creation of genetic clinics for familial cancer. The first step for patients referred
- Cervical cap versus diaphragm for contraception
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Apr-2012
The cervical cap and the diaphragm are vaginal barrier contraceptive methods that prevent pregnancy by covering the cervix. The two devices also act as a reservoir for spermicide. The cervical cap is smaller and can remain in place longer than the diaphra
