Showing 41-60 of 511 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Infectious disease 
- Antibiotic regimens for suspected late onset sepsis in newborn infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Jul-2005
Late onset neonatal sepsis (systemic infection after 48 hours of age) continues to be a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Early treatment with antibiotics is essential as infants can deteriorate rapidly. It is not clear which antibiotic regime
- Antibiotic strategies for eradicating Pseudomonas aeruginosa in people with cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Apr-2017
Respiratory tract infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa occurs in most people with cystic fibrosis. Once chronic infection is established, Pseudomonas aeruginosa is virtually impossible to eradicate and is associated with increased mortality and morbidity
- Antibiotic therapy for prophylaxis against infection of pancreatic necrosis in acute pancreatitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-May-2010
Pancreatic necrosis may complicate severe acute pancreatitis, and is detectable by computed tomography (CT). If it becomes infected mortality increases, but the use of prophylactic antibiotics raises concerns about antibiotic resistance and fungal infecti
- Antibiotic treatment for Clostridium difficile‐associated diarrhoea in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Mar-2017
Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) is recognized as a frequent cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea and colitis. This review is an update of a previously published Cochrane review.
- Antibiotics for acute bronchitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jun-2017
The benefits and risks of antibiotics for acute bronchitis remain unclear despite it being one of the most common illnesses seen in primary care.
- Antibiotics for acute maxillary sinusitis in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Oct-2015
Sinusitis is one of the most common diagnoses among adults in ambulatory care, accounting for 15% to 21% of all adult outpatient antibiotic prescriptions. However, the role of antibiotics for sinusitis is controversial.
- Antibiotics for acute pyelonephritis in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Jul-2014
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial infections in infants. The most severe form of UTI is acute pyelonephritis, which results in significant acute morbidity and may cause permanent kidney damage. There remains uncertainty reg
- Antibiotics for asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Nov-2019
Asymptomatic bacteriuria is a bacterial infection of the urine without any of the typical symptoms that are associated with a urinary infection, and occurs in 2% to 15% of pregnancies. If left untreated, up to 30% of mothers will develop acute pyelonephri
- Antibiotics for community-acquired lower respiratory tract infections secondary to Mycoplasma pneumoniae in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Jan-2015
Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) is widely recognised as an important cause of community-acquired lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) in children. Pulmonary manifestations are typically tracheobronchitis or pneumonia but M. pneumoniae is also i
- Antibiotics for community‐acquired pneumonia in adult outpatients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Oct-2014
Lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) is the third leading cause of death worldwide and the first leading cause of death in low-income countries. Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a common condition that causes a significant disease burden for the
- Antibiotics for community‐acquired pneumonia in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Jun-2013
Pneumonia caused by bacterial pathogens is the leading cause of mortality in children in low-income countries. Early administration of antibiotics improves outcomes.
- Antibiotics for gonorrhoea in pregnancy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Jun-2014
Neisseria gonorrhoeae can be transmitted from the mother's genital tract to the newborn during birth and can cause gonococcal ophthalmia neonatorum as well as systemic neonatal infection. It can also cause endometritis and pelvic sepsis in the mother.
- Antibiotics for incomplete abortion
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Apr-2008
Unsafe abortions result not only in costs for acute care but may also be responsible for longer-term complications such as pelvic inflammatory disease, damage to reproductive organs, and secondary infertility. If effective, antibiotic prophylaxis at the t
- Antibiotics for leptospirosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Jan-2012
Leptospirosis has a wide-ranging clinical and public health impact. Leptospira are globally distributed. Case attack rates are as high as 1:4 to 2:5 persons in exposed populations. In some settings mortality has exceeded 10% of infected people. The benefi
- Antibiotics for persistent nasal discharge (rhinosinusitis) in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Dec-2007
Nasal discharge (rhinosinusitis) is extremely common in children. It is the result of inflammation of the mucosa of the upper respiratory tract, and is usually due to either infection or allergy. Infections may be caused by bacteria.
- Antibiotics for preventing leptospirosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-May-2009
Leptospirosis is an infectious disease transmitted by animals. Death occurs in about five per cent of the patients. In clinical practice, doxycycline is widely used for prevention.
- Antibiotics for preventing meningococcal infections
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Oct-2013
Meningococcal disease is a contagious bacterial infection caused by Neisseria meningitidis (N meningitidis). Household contacts have the highest risk of contracting the disease during the first week of a case being detected. Prophylaxis is considered for
- Antibiotics for preventing recurrent urinary tract infection in non‐pregnant women
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jul-2004
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common health care problem. Recurrent UTI (RUTI) in healthy non-pregnant women is defined as three or more episodes of UTI during a twelve month period. Long-term antibiotics have been proposed as a prevention strategy f
- Antibiotics for syphilis diagnosed during pregnancy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Jul-2001
Congenital syphilis is an increasing problem particularly in many developing countries and in the transitional economies of Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union. In several countries this increase has been aggravated by HIV/AIDS. While the effective
- Antibiotics for the common cold and acute purulent rhinitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Jun-2013
It has long been believed that antibiotics have no role in the treatment of common colds yet they are often prescribed in the belief that they may prevent secondary bacterial infections.
