Showing 41-60 of 419 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Perinatal and infant 
- Bronchodilators for bronchiolitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Jun-2014
Bronchiolitis is an acute, viral lower respiratory tract infection affecting infants and is sometimes treated with bronchodilators.
- Bronchodilators for the prevention and treatment of chronic lung disease in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Dec-2016
Chronic lung disease (CLD) occurs frequently in preterm infants. Bronchodilators have the potential effect of dilating small airways with muscle hypertrophy. Increased compliance and tidal volume and decreased pulmonary resistance have been documented wit
- Caffeine versus theophylline for apnea in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Feb-2013
Recurrent apnea is common in preterm infants, particularly at very early gestational ages. These episodes of loss of effective breathing can lead to hypoxemia and bradycardia, which may be severe enough to require resuscitation including use of positive p
- Calcium and phosphorus supplementation of human milk for preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Feb-2017
Preterm infants are born with low skeletal stores of calcium and phosphorus. Preterm human milk provides insufficient calcium and phosphorus to meet the estimated needs of preterm infants for adequate growth. Supplementation of human milk with calcium and
- Calcium supplementation (other than for preventing or treating hypertension) for improving pregnancy and infant outcomes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Feb-2015
Maternal nutrition during pregnancy is known to have an effect on fetal growth and development. It is recommended that women increase their calcium intake during pregnancy and lactation, although the recommended dosage varies among professionals. Currentl
- Carbohydrate supplementation of human milk to promote growth in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Sep-2020
Preterm infants are born with low glycogen stores and require higher glucose intake to match fetal accretion rates. In spite of the myriad benefits of breast milk for preterm infants, it may not adequately meet the needs of these rapidly growing infants.
- Carnitine supplementation for preterm infants with recurrent apnoea
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Jan-2011
Apnea of prematurity is a common problem in preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care setting (NICU) often delaying their discharge home or transfer to a step down unit. Premature infants are at increased risk of carnitine deficiency. Carnitine suppl
- Carnitine supplementation of parenterally fed neonates
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Oct-2000
Carnitine, a quaternary amino acid, plays an important role in the oxidation of long chain fatty acids. Both breast milk and infant formulas contain carnitine. However, it is not routinely provided in parenteral nutrition solutions. Non supplemented paren
- Caudal epidural block versus other methods of postoperative pain relief for circumcision in boys
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Oct-2008
Techniques to minimize the postoperative discomfort of penile surgery, such as circumcision, include caudal block; penile block; systemic opioids and topical local anaesthetic cream, emulsion or gel.
- Cephalic version by moxibustion for breech presentation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Apr-2012
Moxibustion (a type of Chinese medicine which involves burning a herb close to the skin) to the acupuncture point Bladder 67 (BL67) (Chinese name Zhiyin), located at the tip of the fifth toe, has been proposed as a way of correcting breech presentation.
- Cervical stitch (cerclage) for preventing preterm birth in singleton pregnancy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Jun-2017
Cervical cerclage is a well-known surgical procedure carried out during pregnancy. It involves positioning of a suture (stitch) around the neck of the womb (cervix), aiming to give mechanical support to the cervix and thereby reduce risk of preterm birth.
- Chest physiotherapy for acute bronchiolitis in paediatric patients between 0 and 24 months old
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Feb-2016
This Cochrane review was first published in 2005 and updated in 2007, 2012 and now 2015. Acute bronchiolitis is the leading cause of medical emergencies during winter in children younger than two years of age. Chest physiotherapy is sometimes used to assi
- Chest physiotherapy for preventing morbidity in babies being extubated from mechanical ventilation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Apr-2002
Chest physiotherapy has been used to clear secretions and help lung ventilation in newborns who have needed mechanical ventilation for respiratory problems. However, there are concerns about the safety of some forms of chest physiotherapy.
- Chest radiograph in acute respiratory infections
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Jul-2009
Chest radiography is widely used during the management of acute lower respiratory infections, but the benefits are unknown.
- Chinese medicinal herbs for measles
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Nov-2011
Measles is an infectious disease caused by the Morbillivirus. Chinese physicians believe that medicinal herbs are effective in alleviating symptoms and preventing complications. Chinese herbal medicines are dispensed according to the particular symptoms.
- Clinical decision support systems for neonatal care
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Apr-2005
Clinical decision support systems (CDSS) are computer-based information systems used to integrate clinical and patient information to provide support for decision-making in patient care. They may be useful in aiding the diagnostic process, the generation
- Colony‐stimulating factors for prevention of myelosuppressive therapy‐induced febrile neutropenia in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Jul-2005
Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) is the most common cancer in childhood and febrile neutropenia is a potentially life-threatening side effect of its treatment. Current treatment consists of supportive care plus antibiotics. Clinical trials have attempt
- Combined hormonal versus nonhormonal versus progestin-only contraception in lactation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Mar-2015
Postpartum contraception improves the health of mothers and children by lengthening birth intervals. For lactating women, contraception choices are limited by concerns about hormonal effects on milk quality and quantity and passage of hormones to the infa
- Combined spinal‐epidural versus epidural analgesia in labour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Oct-2012
Traditional epidural techniques have been associated with prolonged labour, use of oxytocin augmentation and increased incidence of instrumental vaginal delivery. The combined spinal-epidural (CSE) technique has been introduced in an attempt to reduce the
- Commercial hospital discharge packs for breastfeeding women
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Jun-2008
Exclusive breastfeeding until around six months of age, followed by the introduction of solids with continued breastfeeding, is considered to be the optimal nutritional start for newborn infants.
