Showing 41-60 of 214 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Renal 
- Bladder training for urinary incontinence in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Nov-2008
Urinary incontinence is a common and distressing problem. Bladder training aims to increase the interval between voids and is widely used for the treatment of urinary incontinence.
- Botulinum toxin injections for adults with overactive bladder syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Nov-2011
Overactive bladder syndrome (OAB) is a common condition with a significant negative impact on quality of life characterised by urgency with or without urge incontinence, frequency and nocturia. Intravesical botulinum toxin is being increasingly used to t
- Calcimimetics for secondary hyperparathyroidism in chronic kidney disease patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Dec-2014
Calcimimetic agents lower abnormal serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels in people who have chronic kidney disease (CKD), but the benefits and harms on patient-level outcomes are uncertain. Since this review was first published in 2006 showing that evide
- Calcium channel blockers for preventing acute tubular necrosis in kidney transplant recipients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Sep-2008
The incidence of delayed graft function in cadaveric grafts has increased over the last few years due in part to the large demand for cadaveric kidneys necessitating the use of kidneys from marginal donors. Calcium channel blockers have the potential to r
- Cardiac testing for coronary artery disease in potential kidney transplant recipients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Nov-2011
Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) and adverse cardiac events. Screening for CAD is therefore an important part of preoperative evaluation for kidney transplant candidates. There is significan
- Catheter policies for management of long term voiding problems in adults with neurogenic bladder disorders
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Nov-2013
Management of the neurogenic bladder has the primary objectives of maintaining continence, ensuring low bladder pressure (to avoid renal damage) and avoiding or minimising infection. Options include intermittent urethral catheterisation, indwelling urethr
- Catheter type, placement and insertion techniques for preventing peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Jan-2010
As many as 15-50% of end-stage kidney disease patients are on peritoneal dialysis (PD), but peritonitis limits its more widespread use. Several PD catheter-related interventions have been purported to reduce the risk of peritonitis in PD.
- Cellulose, modified cellulose and synthetic membranes in the haemodialysis of patients with end-stage renal disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-May-2009
When the kidney fails the blood-borne metabolites of protein breakdown and water cannot be excreted. The principle of haemodialysis is that such substances can be removed when blood is passed over a semipermeable membrane. Natural membrane materials inclu
- Chinese herbal medicine for diabetic peripheral neuropathy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Oct-2013
Chinese herbal medicine is frequently used for treating diabetic peripheral neuropathy in China. Many controlled trials have been undertaken to investigate its efficacy.
- Chinese herbal medicine Huangqi type formulations for nephrotic syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-May-2013
Patients with primary nephrotic syndrome mostly need immunosuppression to achieve remission, but many of them either relapse after immunosuppression therapy or resistant to it. On the other hand, immunosuppression therapy could increase the adverse effect
- Clinically-indicated replacement versus routine replacement of peripheral venous catheters
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Aug-2015
US Centers for Disease Control guidelines recommend replacement of peripheral intravenous (IV) catheters no more frequently than every 72 to 96 hours. Routine replacement is thought to reduce the risk of phlebitis and bloodstream infection. Catheter inser
- Combined spinal-epidural versus epidural analgesia in labour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Sep-2012
Traditional epidural techniques have been associated with prolonged labour, use of oxytocin augmentation and increased incidence of instrumental vaginal delivery. The combined spinal-epidural (CSE) technique has been introduced in an attempt to reduce the
- Comparisons of approaches to pelvic floor muscle training for urinary incontinence in women
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Nov-2011
Pelvic floor muscle training is the most commonly recommended physical therapy treatment for women with stress urinary incontinence. It is also sometimes recommended for mixed and, less commonly, urge urinary incontinence. The supervision and content of p
- Complementary and miscellaneous interventions for nocturnal enuresis in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Nov-2011
Nocturnal enuresis (bedwetting) is a socially disruptive and stressful condition which affects around 15% to 20% of five year olds, and up to 2% of young adults.
- Complex behavioural and educational interventions for nocturnal enuresis in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-May-2008
Nocturnal enuresis (bedwetting) is a socially disruptive and stressful condition which affects around 15 to 20% of five-year olds, and up to 2% of young adults.
- Conservative management for postprostatectomy urinary incontinence
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Jan-2015
Urinary incontinence is common after radical prostatectomy and can also occur in some circumstances after transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). Conservative management includes pelvic floor muscle training with or without biofeedback, electrical
- Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) versus hospital or home haemodialysis for end-stage renal disease in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Jan-2014
Renal replacement therapy (RRT) with dialysis and transplantation is the only means of sustaining life for patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). Although transplantation is the treatment of choice, the number of donor kidneys are limited and tran
- Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis versus automated peritoneal dialysis for end-stage renal disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-May-2008
Peritoneal dialysis (PD) can be performed either manually as in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) or using mechanical devices as in automated PD (APD). APD has been considered to have several advantages over CAPD such as reduced incidence o
- Correction of chronic metabolic acidosis for chronic kidney disease patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-May-2014
Metabolic acidosis is a feature of chronic kidney disease (CKD) due to the reduced capacity of the kidney to synthesise ammonia and excrete hydrogen ions. It has adverse consequences on protein and muscle metabolism, bone turnover and the development of r
- Corticosteroid therapy for nephrotic syndrome in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Mar-2015
In nephrotic syndrome protein leaks from the blood to the urine through the glomeruli resulting in hypoproteinaemia and generalised oedema. While most children with nephrotic syndrome respond to corticosteroids, 80% experience a relapsing course. Corticos
