Showing 6021-6040 of 7110 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Spinal versus epidural anaesthesia for caesarean section
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Mar-2012
Regional anaesthesia (spinal or epidural anaesthesia) for caesarean section is the preferred option when balancing risks and benefits to the mother and her fetus. Spinal anaesthesia for caesarean section is thought to be advantageous due to simplicity of
- Spiritual and religious interventions for well-being of adults in the terminal phase of disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Apr-2012
As terminal disease progresses, health deteriorates and the end of life approaches, people may ask "Why this illness? Why me? Why now?" Such questions may invoke, rekindle or intensify spiritual or religious concerns. Although the processes by which these
- Spironolactone for hypertension
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Jul-2010
Spironolactone is an aldosterone antagonist, considered fourth line therapy for hypertension in patients already treated with multiple medications.
- Spironolactone versus placebo or in combination with steroids for hirsutism and/or acne
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Mar-2011
Hirsutism is the presence of excessive hair growth in women and is an important cosmetic condition often resulting in severe distress. The most common cause is by increased production of male sex hormones (androgens). It is also affected by increased sens
- Splenectomy versus conservative management for acute sequestration crises in people with sickle cell disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Nov-2017
Acute splenic sequestration crises are a complication of sickle cell disease, with high mortality rates and frequent recurrence in survivors of first attacks. Splenectomy and blood transfusion, with their consequences, are the mainstay of long-term manage
- Splinting for carpal tunnel syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Jun-2012
Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a condition where one of two main nerves in the wrist is compressed, which can lead to pain in the hand, wrist and sometimes arm, and numbness and tingling in the thumb, index and long finger. Splinting is usually offered t
- Splinting for the non‐operative management of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in children under six months of age
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Oct-2022
Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) describes the abnormal development of a hip in childhood, ranging from complete dislocation of the hip joint to subtle immaturity of a hip that is enlocated and stable within the socket. DDH occurs in around 10 per
- Splints and Orthosis for treating rheumatoid arthritis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-May-2010
Splints/orthoses are often recommended to patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) to decrease pain, reduce swelling, and/or prevent deformity. These orthoses include resting hand splints, wrist supports, finger splints, and special shoes and shoe inserts.
- Sponge versus diaphragm for contraception
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Apr-2013
The contraceptive vaginal sponge was developed as an alternative to the contraceptive diaphragm. The sponge, made of polyurethane impregnated with nonoxynol-9 (1g), releases 125 mg of the spermicide over 24 hours of use. Unlike the diaphragm, the sponge c
- Sports and games for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Nov-2009
Traumatic experiences evoke emotions such as fear, anxiety and distress and may encourage avoidance of similar situations in the future. For a proportion of those exposed to a traumatic event, this emotional reaction becomes uncontrollable and can develop
- St John's wort for major depression
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Jul-2009
In some countries extracts of the plant Hypericum perforatum L. (popularly called St. John's wort) are widely used for treating patients with depressive symptoms.
- Stabilisation splint therapy for temporomandibular pain dysfunction syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Jan-2016
Pain dysfunction syndrome (PDS) is the most common temporomandibular disorder (TMD). There are many synonyms for this condition including facial arthromyalgia, TMJ dysfunction syndrome, myofacial pain dysfunction syndrome, craniomandibular dysfunction and
- Stage-based interventions for smoking cessation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Oct-2010
The transtheoretical model is the most widely known of several stage-based theories of behaviour. It proposes that smokers move through a discrete series of motivational stages before they quit successfully. These are precontemplation (no thoughts of quit
- Standard (head-down tilt) versus modified (without head-down tilt) postural drainage in infants and young children with cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Mar-2015
Postural drainage is used primarily in infants with cystic fibrosis from diagnosis up to the moment when they are mature enough to actively participate in self-administered treatments. However, there is a risk of gastroesophageal reflux associated with th
- Standard versus biofilm antimicrobial susceptibility testing to guide antibiotic therapy in cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Mar-2015
The antibiotics used to treat pulmonary infections in people with cystic fibrosis are typically chosen based on the results of antimicrobial susceptibility testing performed on bacteria traditionally grown in a planktonic mode (grown in a liquid). However
- Stapled versus conventional surgery for hemorrhoids
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Jul-2010
Hemorrhoids are one of the most common anorectal disorders. The Milligan-Morgan open hemorrhoidectomy is the most widely practiced surgical technique used for the management of hemorrhoids and is considered the current "gold standard". Circular stapled he
- Stapled versus handsewn methods for colorectal anastomosis surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Jan-2012
Previous systematic reviews comparing stapled and handsewn colorectal anastomosis that are available in the medical literature have not shown either technique to be superior. An update of this systematic review was performed to find out if there are any d
- Stapled versus handsewn methods for ileocolic anastomoses
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Jul-2011
Ileocolic anastomoses are commonly performed for right-sided colon cancer and Crohn's disease. The anastomosis may be constructed using a linear cutter stapler or by suturing. Individual trials comparing stapled versus handsewn ileocolic anastomoses have
- Stapler versus scalpel resection followed by hand-sewn closure of the pancreatic remnant for distal pancreatectomy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Oct-2015
Resections of the pancreatic body and tail reaching to the left of the superior mesenteric vein are defined as distal pancreatectomy. Most distal pancreatectomies are elective treatments for chronic pancreatitis, benign or malignant diseases, and they hav
- Staples versus sutures for closing leg wounds after vein graft harvesting for coronary artery bypass surgery.
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Nov-2011
Surgical site infection (SSI) after saphenous vein graft harvesting is a complication occurring in up to 18% of patients who undergo coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG). It is not known whether the method of skin closure influences the infection rate.
