Showing 6081-6100 of 8875 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Pharmacological interventions for ischaemia reperfusion injury in liver resection surgery performed under vascular control
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Oct-2009
Vascular occlusion used during elective liver resection to reduce blood loss results in significant ischaemia reperfusion (IR) injury. This in turn leads to significant postoperative liver dysfunction and morbidity. Various pharmacological drugs have been
- Pharmacological interventions for non‐alcohol related fatty liver disease (NAFLD)
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Mar-2017
Non-alcohol related fatty liver disease (commonly called non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)) is liver steatosis in the absence of significant alcohol consumption, use of hepatotoxic medication, or other disorders affecting the liver such as hepatit
- Pharmacological interventions for pain and sedation management in newborn infants undergoing therapeutic hypothermia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Nov-2022
Newborn infants affected by hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) undergo therapeutic hypothermia. As this treatment seems to be associated with pain, and intensive and invasive care is needed, pharmacological interventions are often used. Moreover, painf
- Pharmacological interventions for pain in children and adolescents with life-limiting conditions
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Jun-2017
Pain is one of the most common symptoms in children and young people (CYP) with life-limiting conditions (LLCs) which include a wide range of diagnoses including cancer. The current literature indicates that pain is not well managed, however the evidence
- Pharmacological interventions for pain in patients with temporomandibular disorders
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Sep-2010
Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are a group of disorders affecting the temporomandibular joints and the muscles of mastication. TMDs are treated with a wide range of drugs. The extent to which the use of these drugs is based upon evidence is unknown.
- Pharmacological interventions for pain relief during orthodontic treatment
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Nov-2017
Pain is a common side effect of orthodontic treatment. It increases in proportion to the amount of force applied to the teeth, and the type of orthodontic appliance used can affect the intensity of the pain. Pain during orthodontic treatment has been show
- Pharmacological interventions for painful sickle cell vaso‐occlusive crises in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Nov-2019
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a group of inherited disorders of haemoglobin (Hb) structure in a person who has inherited two mutant globin genes (one from each parent), at least one of which is always the sickle mutation. It is estimated that between 5% an
- Pharmacological interventions for people with borderline personality disorder
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Nov-2022
Among people with a diagnosis of borderline personality disorder (BPD) who are engaged in clinical care, prescription rates of psychotropic medications are high, despite the fact that medication use is off-label as a treatment for BPD. Nevertheless, peopl
- Pharmacological interventions for preventing clotting of extracorporeal circuits during continuous renal replacement therapy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Dec-2020
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major comorbidity in hospitalised patients. Patients with severe AKI require continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) when they are haemodynamically unstable. CRRT is prescribed assuming it is delivered over 24 hours. How
- Pharmacological interventions for preventing complications in idiopathic hypercalciuria
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Jan-2009
Idiopathic hypercalciuria is an inherited metabolic abnormality characterised by excessive amounts of calcium excreted into the urine in patients with normal serum levels of calcium. The morbidity of hypercalciuria is related to kidney stone disease and b
- Pharmacological interventions for preventing dry mouth and salivary gland dysfunction following radiotherapy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-Jul-2017
Salivary gland dysfunction is an 'umbrella' term for the presence of either xerostomia (subjective sensation of dryness), or salivary gland hypofunction (reduction in saliva production). It is a predictable side effect of radiotherapy to the head and neck
- Pharmacological interventions for preventing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Jul-2014
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating disorder which, after a sufficient delay, may be diagnosed amongst individuals who respond with intense fear, helplessness or horror to traumatic events. There is some evidence that the use of pharma
- Pharmacological interventions for preventing venous thromboembolism in people undergoing bariatric surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Nov-2022
Venous thromboembolism (VTE), which comprises deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), is the leading cause of preventable death in hospitalised people and the third most common cause of mortality in surgical patients. People undergoing bar
- Pharmacological interventions for prevention and treatment of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in newborn infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Jul-2019
Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is typically a mild, self-limiting condition that can affect both preterm and term neonates, although it can be severe particularly when associated with co-morbidities. Pharmacological interventions with a proton pump inhib
- Pharmacological interventions for prevention of weight gain in people with schizophrenia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Oct-2022
Antipsychotic-induced weight gain is an extremely common problem in people with schizophrenia and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Adjunctive pharmacological interventions may be necessary to help manage antipsychotic-induced weight g
- Pharmacological interventions for prevention or treatment of postoperative pain in people undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Mar-2014
While laparoscopic cholecystectomy is generally considered less painful than open surgery, pain is one of the important reasons for delayed discharge after day-surgery and overnight stay following laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The safety and effectiveness
- Pharmacological interventions for primary biliary cholangitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Mar-2017
Primary biliary cholangitis (previously primary biliary cirrhosis) is a chronic liver disease caused by the destruction of small intra-hepatic bile ducts resulting in stasis of bile (cholestasis), liver fibrosis, and liver cirrhosis. The optimal pharmacol
- Pharmacological interventions for primary sclerosing cholangitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Mar-2017
Primary sclerosing cholangitis is a chronic cholestatic liver disease that is associated with both hepatobiliary and colorectal malignancies, which can result in liver cirrhosis and its complications. The optimal pharmacological treatment for patients wit
- Pharmacological interventions for promoting smoking cessation during pregnancy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Mar-2020
Tobacco smoking in pregnancy causes serious health problems for the developing fetus and mother. When used by non-pregnant smokers, pharmacotherapies (nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), bupropion, and varenicline) are effective for increasing smoking ces
- Pharmacological interventions for pruritus in adult palliative care patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Nov-2016
This is an update of the original Cochrane review published in 2013 (Issue 6). Pruritus occurs in patients with disparate underlying diseases and is caused by different pathologic mechanisms. In palliative care patients, pruritus is not the most prevalent
