Showing 601-620 of 644 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Respiratory 
- Thrombolytic therapy for pulmonary embolism
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Apr-2021
Thrombolytic therapy is usually reserved for people with clinically serious or massive pulmonary embolism (PE). Evidence suggests that thrombolytic agents may dissolve blood clots more rapidly than heparin and may reduce the death rate associated with PE.
- Tiotropium for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Apr-2005
Tiotropium is a new anticholinergic therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) that differs from ipratropium by its functional relative selectivity for muscarinic receptor subtypes and which allows once-per-day dosing.
- Tiotropium versus placebo for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Jul-2014
Tiotropium is an anticholinergic agent which has gained widespread acceptance as a once daily maintenance therapy for symptoms and exacerbations of stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In the past few years there have been several systemat
- Tongue scraping for treating halitosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-May-2016
Halitosis is used to describe any disagreeable odour of expired air regardless of its origin. Mouthwashes which disguise oral malodor are more socially acceptable and generally more popular than tongue scrapers.
- Tonsillectomy or adenotonsillectomy versus non‐surgical treatment for chronic/recurrent acute tonsillitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Nov-2014
Surgical removal of the tonsils, with or without adenoidectomy (adeno-/tonsillectomy), is a common ENT operation, but the indications for surgery are controversial. This is an update of a Cochrane review first published in The Cochrane Library in Issue 3,
- Topical anaesthetic or vasoconstrictor preparations for flexible fibre-optic nasal pharyngoscopy and laryngoscopy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Feb-2011
Nasal pharyngolaryngoscopy (NPL) is performed as an outpatient and inpatient procedure on a daily basis, for a variety of indications. It frequently causes some degree of discomfort to the patient. Various different topical agents, which are intended to r
- Topical and systemic antifungal therapy for the symptomatic treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Sep-2018
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is an inflammatory disorder of the nose and sinuses. Since fungi were postulated as a potential cause of CRS in the late 1990s, there has been increasing controversy about the use of both topical and systemic antifungal agents
- Topical cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene replacement for cystic fibrosis‐related lung disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Jun-2016
Cystic fibrosis is caused by a defective gene encoding a protein called the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), and is characterised by chronic lung infection resulting in inflammation and progressive lung damage that results in a
- Topical nasal steroids for intermittent and persistent allergic rhinitis in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Jan-2007
Allergic rhinitis is a very common chronic illness affecting 10% to 40% of children worldwide. There has been a significant increase in prevalence among children over the last two decades and this increase has been accompanied by a parallel increase in co
- Topical nasal steroids for treating nasal polyposis in people with cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Jun-2015
Nasal polyps frequently occur in people with cystic fibrosis. Sinus infections have been shown to be a factor in the development of serious chest complications in these people. Nasal polyps have been linked to a higher risk of lower respiratory tract infe
- Topical steroid for chronic rhinosinusitis without polyps
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Apr-2016
Topical corticosteroid is used as part of a comprehensive medical treatment for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) without polyps. Nevertheless, there is insufficient evidence to show a clear overall benefit. Trials studying the efficacy of topical corticostero
- Topical steroids for nasal polyps
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Apr-2016
Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) represents inflammatory changes throughout the nose and sinuses from a group of disorders which all lead to swelling and overgrowth of the nasal mucosa. Topical corticosteroids have been the most widely us
- Totally implantable vascular access devices for cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-May-2012
Totally implantable vascular access devices are widely used in people with cystic fibrosis to provide intermittent venous access for therapeutic infusions. Their use is associated with some complications such as thrombosis, embolism and infection.
- Tracheal gas insufflation for the prevention of morbidity and mortality in mechanically ventilated newborn infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Apr-2002
Tracheal gas insufflation (TGI) is a technique where a continuous flow of gas is instilled into the lower trachea during conventional mechanical ventilation. TGI can improve carbon dioxide removal with lower ventilation pressures and smaller tidal volumes
- Tracheal suctioning without disconnection in intubated ventilated neonates
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Dec-2011
Assisted mechanical ventilation is a necessity in the neonatal population for a variety of respiratory and surgical conditions. However, there are a number of potential hazards associated with this life saving intervention. New suctioning techniques have
- Transpyloric versus gastric tube feeding for preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Feb-2013
Enteral feeding tubes for preterm infants may be placed in the stomach (gastric tube feeding) or in the upper small bowel (transpyloric tube feeding). There are potential advantages and disadvantages to both routes.
- Treatment of latent tuberculosis infection in HIV infected persons
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Jan-2010
Individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are at an increased risk of developing active tuberculosis (TB). It is known that treatment of latent TB infection (LTBI), also referred to as TB preventive therapy or chemoprophylaxis, helps t
- Treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea for chronic cough in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Mar-2011
Childhood obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a disorder that is characterised by repeated episodes of partial or complete upper airway obstruction (UAO) during sleep that result in disruption of normal ventilation and sleep patterns. Chronic cough in child
- Troleandomycin as an oral corticosteroid sparing agent in stable asthma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Oct-2000
Patients with chronic severe asthma are often dependent on the long term prescription of oral corticosteroids. The use of steroids is associated with serious side effects. Physicians treating such patients continue to search for alternative therapies that
- Ursodeoxycholic acid for cystic fibrosis‐related liver disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Sep-2017
Abnormal biliary secretion leads to the thickening of bile and the formation of plugs within the bile ducts; the consequent obstruction and abnormal bile flow ultimately results in the development of cystic fibrosis-related liver disease. This condition p
