- Physician anaesthetists versus non-physician providers of anaesthesia for surgical patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Jul-2014
With increasing demand for surgery, pressure on healthcare providers to reduce costs, and a predicted shortfall in the number of medically qualified anaesthetists it is important to consider whether non-physician anaesthetists (NPAs), who do not have a me - Physiological track‐and‐trigger/early warning systems for use in maternity care
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Sep-2021
A considerable challenge for maternity care providers is recognising clinical deterioration early in pregnant women. Professional bodies recommend the use of clinical assessment protocols or evaluation tools, commonly referred to as physiological track-an - Physiotherapist-led programmes and interventions for rehabilitation of anterior cruciate ligament, medial collateral ligament and meniscal injuries of the knee in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Nov-2008
Soft-tissue injuries of the knee, mainly involving the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), the medial collateral ligament (MCL) and menisci, are common and their rehabilitation after non-surgical or surgical treatment often involves intensive and prolonged - Physiotherapy for pain and disability in adults with complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) types I and II
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-May-2022
Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a painful and disabling condition that usually manifests in response to trauma or surgery and is associated with significant pain and disability. CRPS can be classified into two types: type I (CRPS I) in which a sp - Physiotherapy for Parkinson's disease: a comparison of techniques
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Jun-2014
Despite medical therapies and surgical interventions for Parkinson's disease (PD), patients develop progressive disability. The role of physiotherapy is to maximise functional ability and minimise secondary complications through movement rehabilitation wi - Physiotherapy interventions for ankylosing spondylitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Jan-2008
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic, inflammatory rheumatic disease. Physiotherapy is considered an important part of the overall management of AS. - Physiotherapy interventions for shoulder pain
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Apr-2003
The prevalence of shoulder disorders has been reported to range from seven to 36% of the population (Lundberg 1969) accounting for 1.2% of all General Practitioner encounters in Australia (Bridges Webb 1992). Substantial disability and significant morbidi - Physiotherapy versus placebo or no intervention in Parkinson's disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Sep-2013
Despite medical therapies and surgical interventions for Parkinson's disease (PD), patients develop progressive disability. Physiotherapy aims to maximise functional ability and minimise secondary complications through movement rehabilitation within a con - Physostigmine for dementia due to Alzheimer's disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Apr-2001
The main pharmacological approach for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been based on the use of agents potentiating cholinergic transmission, particularly by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase (AChE), the enzyme that destroys acetylcholine after - Phytoestrogens for menopausal vasomotor symptoms
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Dec-2013
Vasomotor symptoms, such as hot flushes and night sweats, are very common during the menopausal transition. Hormone therapy has traditionally been used as a highly effective treatment, but concerns about increased risk of some chronic diseases have marked - Phytomedicines (medicines derived from plants) for sickle cell disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Sep-2020
Sickle cell disease, a common recessively inherited haemoglobin disorder, affects people from sub-Saharan Africa, the Middle East, Mediterranean basin, Indian subcontinent, Caribbean and South America. It is associated with complications and a reduced lif - PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibitors for advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Oct-2019
Endometrial cancer is one of the most common gynaecological cancers in developed countries. Treatment of advanced endometrial cancer usually involves radiotherapy, chemotherapy, endocrine therapy or a combination of these. However, survival outcomes are p - Piggy-back graft for liver transplantation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Dec-2010
Piggy-back method of transplantation, which involves preservation of the recipient retrohepatic inferior vena cava, has been suggested as an alternative to the conventional method of liver transplantation, where the recipient retrohepatic inferior vena ca - Pilates for low back pain
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Jul-2015
Non-specific low back pain is a major health problem worldwide. Interventions based on exercises have been the most commonly used treatments for patients with this condition. Over the past few years, the Pilates method has been one of the most popular exe - Pimozide for schizophrenia or related psychoses
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Nov-2013
Pimozide, formulated in the 1960s, continues to be marketed for the care of people with schizophrenia or related psychoses such as delusional disorder. It has been associated with cardiotoxicity and sudden unexplained death. Electrocardiogram monitoring i - Pimozide for tics in Tourette's syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Apr-2009
Neuroleptic drugs with potent D-2 receptor blocking properties have been the traditional treatment for tics caused by Tourette Syndrome. Pimozide is the most studied of these. Use of these medications is declining because of concerns about side effects, a - Pin site care for preventing infections associated with external bone fixators and pins
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Nov-2013
Metal pins are used to apply skeletal traction or external fixation devices in the management of orthopaedic fractures. These percutaneous pins protrude through the skin, and the way in which they are treated after insertion may affect the incidence of pi - Pine bark (Pinus spp.) extract for treating chronic disorders
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Sep-2020
Pine bark (Pinus spp.) extract is rich in bioflavonoids, predominantly proanthocyanidins, which are antioxidants. Commercially-available extract supplements are marketed for preventing or treating various chronic conditions associated with oxidative stres - Pioglitazone for prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated complications in people at risk for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Nov-2020
The term prediabetes is used to describe a population with an elevated risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). With projections of an increase in the incidence of T2DM, prevention or delay of the disease and its complications is paramount. It - Pioglitazone for type 2 diabetes mellitus
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Nov-2008
Diabetes has long been recognised as a strong, independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, a problem which accounts for approximately 70% of all mortality in people with diabetes. Prospective studies show that compared to their non-diabetic counte
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