Showing 6301-6320 of 8668 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Pre-operative Nutrition Support in Patients Undergoing Gastrointestinal Surgery.
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Oct-2012
Post-operative management in gastrointestinal (GI) surgery is becoming well established with 'Enhanced Recovery After Surgery' protocols starting 24 hours prior to surgery with carbohydrate loading and early oral or enteral feeding given to patients the f
- Preoperative physical therapy for elective cardiac surgery patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Nov-2012
After cardiac surgery, physical therapy is a routine procedure delivered with the aim of preventing postoperative pulmonary complications.
- Preoperative radiotherapy and curative surgery for the management of localised rectal carcinoma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Oct-2018
This is an update of the original review published in 2007.
- Preoperative radiotherapy for esophageal carcinoma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Oct-2005
The existing randomized evidence has failed to conclusively demonstrate the benefit or otherwise of preoperative radiotherapy in treating patients with potentially resectable esophageal carcinoma.
- Preoperative ripening of the cervix before operative hysteroscopy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Apr-2015
Hysteroscopy is an operation in which the gynaecologist examines the uterine cavity using a small telescopic instrument (hysteroscope) inserted via the vagina and the cervix. Almost 50% of hysteroscopic complications are related to difficulty with cervica
- Preoperative skin antiseptics for preventing surgical wound infections after clean surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Apr-2015
Surgical site infection rates in the month following clean surgery vary from 0.6% (knee prosthesis) to 5% (limb amputation). Due to the large number of clean surgical procedures conducted annually the costs of these surgical site infections (SSIs) can be
- Preoperative statin therapy for patients undergoing cardiac surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Aug-2017
Patients referred to cardiac surgery for cardiovascular disease are at significant risk for the development of major postoperative adverse events despite significant advances in surgical techniques and perioperative care. Statins (5-hydroxy-3-methylglutar
- Pre-operative traction for hip fractures in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Oct-2011
Following a hip fracture, traction may be applied to the injured limb before surgery. This is an update of a Cochrane review first published in 1997, and previously updated in 2006.
- Preoperative vascular access evaluation for haemodialysis patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Sep-2015
Haemodialysis treatment requires reliable vascular access. Optimal access is provided via functional arteriovenous fistula (fistula), which compared with other forms of vascular access, provides superior long-term patency, requires few interventions, has
- Preoxygenation for tracheal suctioning in intubated, ventilated newborn infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Jan-2001
Endotracheal suctioning for mechanically ventilated infants is routine practice in neonatal intensive care. However, this practice is associated with serious complications including lobar collapse, pneumothorax, bradycardia and hypoxaemia. Increasing the
- Pre-referral rectal artesunate for severe malaria
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Aug-2014
Severe or complicated malaria is a medical emergency and people die as a result of delays in starting treatment. Most patients need parenteral treatment, and in primary healthcare facilities, where intravenous therapy is not available but intramuscular in
- Prescribed hypocaloric nutrition support for critically‐ill adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Jun-2018
There are controversies about the amount of calories and the type of nutritional support that should be given to critically-ill people. Several authors advocate the potential benefits of hypocaloric nutrition support, but the evidence is inconclusive.
- Prescription of prosthetic ankle‐foot mechanisms after lower limb amputation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Jan-2004
A prosthesis can be divided into several components: the prosthetic socket; the prosthetic ankle-foot mechanism; and for higher levels of amputation, the prosthetic knee. This review focuses on the prosthetic ankle-foot mechanism, which forms an important
- Present‐centered therapy (PCT) for post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Nov-2019
Present-centered therapy (PCT) is a non-trauma, manualized psychotherapy for adults with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). PCT was originally designed as a treatment comparator in trials evaluating the effectiveness of trauma-focused cognitive-behavi
- Pressure modification or humidification for improving usage of continuous positive airway pressure machines in adults with obstructive sleep apnoea
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Dec-2019
Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is the repetitive closure of the upper airway during sleep. This results in disturbed sleep and excessive daytime sleepiness. It is a risk factor for long-term cardiovascular morbidity. Continuous positive airway pressure (C
- Pressure support versus T-tube for weaning from mechanical ventilation in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Dec-2018
Mechanical ventilation is important in caring for patients with critical illness. Clinical complications, increased mortality, and high costs of health care are associated with prolonged ventilatory support or premature discontinuation of mechanical venti
- Pressure‐controlled versus volume‐controlled ventilation for acute respiratory failure due to acute lung injury (ALI) or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Jan-2015
Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) account for one-quarter of cases of acute respiratory failure in intensive care units (ICUs). A third to half of patients will die in the ICU, in hospital or during follow-up. Mechanic
- Pressure‐relieving devices for treating heel pressure ulcers
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Feb-2014
Pressure ulcers are areas of localised damage to the skin and underlying tissue caused by pressure or shear. Pressure redistribution devices are used as part of the treatment to reduce the pressure on the ulcer. The anatomy of the heel and the susceptibil
- Pressure-relieving interventions for treating diabetic foot ulcers
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Nov-2012
Diabetes-related foot ulceration is a major contributor to morbidity in diabetes. Diabetic foot ulcers are partly a consequence of abnormal foot pressures and pressure relief is a widely used treatment for healing diabetes-related plantar foot ulcers, but
- Pressurised metered dose inhalers versus all other hand‐held inhaler devices to deliver beta‐2 agonist bronchodilators for non‐acute asthma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Apr-2002
A number of different inhaler devices are available to deliver beta2-agonist bronchodilators in asthma. These include hydrofluoroalkane (HFA) or chlorofluorocarbon (CFC)-free propelled pressurised metered dose inhalers (pMDIs) and dry powder devices.
