Showing 6321-6340 of 8668 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Pressurised metered‐dose inhalers versus all other hand‐held inhalers devices to deliver bronchodilators for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Jan-2002
Bronchodilator therapy for COPD may be delivered by a number of different inhaler devices.
- Presurgery exercise‐based conditioning interventions (prehabilitation) in adults undergoing lower limb surgery for peripheral arterial disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Sep-2020
Lower limb peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a type of cardiovascular disease where the blood vessels that carry the blood to the legs are hardened and narrowed. The most severe manifestation of PAD is critical limb ischaemia (CLI). This condition resu
- Pre‐treatment surgical para‐aortic lymph node assessment in locally advanced cervical cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Mar-2013
This is an updated version of the original Cochrane review published in The Cochrane Library, Issue 4, 2011.
- Preventing occupational stress in healthcare workers
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Apr-2015
Healthcare workers can suffer from occupational stress as a result of lack of skills, organisational factors, and low social support at work. This may lead to distress, burnout and psychosomatic problems, and deterioration in quality of life and service p
- Prevention and treatment of cryptosporidiosis in immunocompromised patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Jan-2007
Cryptosporidiosis is a disease that causes diarrhoea lasting about one to two weeks, sometimes extending up to 2.5 months among the immunocompentent and becoming a more severe life-threatening illness among immunocompromised individuals. Cryptosporidium i
- Prevention and treatment of postpartum hypertension
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Apr-2013
Postpartum blood pressure (BP) is highest three to six days after birth when most women have been discharged home. A significant rise in BP may be dangerous (e.g., can lead to stroke), but there is little information about how to prevent or treat postpart
- Prevention of depression in adults with long‐term physical conditions
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Mar-2021
Major depression is one of the world’s leading causes of disability in adults with long-term physical conditions compared to those without physical illness. This co-morbidity is associated with a negative prognosis in terms of increased morbidity and mort
- Prevention of diarrhoea in children with HIV infection or exposure to maternal HIV infection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Jun-2010
Diarrhoea is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among infants and children worldwide, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is a condition that similarly disproport
- Prevention of infection in arterial reconstruction
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jul-2006
Arterial reconstructions with prosthetic graft materials or vein are susceptible to infection with a resultant high patient mortality and risk of limb loss. To reduce the risk of infection effective perioperative measures are essential.
- Prevention of NSAID‐induced gastroduodenal ulcers
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Oct-2002
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are important agents in the management of arthritic and inflammatory conditions, and are among the most frequently prescribed medications in North America and Europe. However, there is overwhelming evidence l
- Prevention of recurrent miscarriage for women with antiphospholipid antibody or lupus anticoagulant
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Apr-2005
A range of treatments have been proposed to improve pregnancy outcome in recurrent pregnancy loss associated with antiphospholipid antibody (APL). Small studies have not resolved uncertainty about benefits and risks.
- Preventive interventions for postnatal psychosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Jun-2013
Postnatal psychosis is a worldwide life-threatening condition that affects one to two in every 1000 new mothers. It has an abrupt onset within a month of childbirth. Affected new mothers rapidly develop frank psychosis, cognitive impairment, and disorgani
- Preventive lipid‐based nutrient supplements given with complementary foods to infants and young children 6 to 23 months of age for health, nutrition, and developmental outcomes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-May-2019
One nutritional intervention advocated to prevent malnutrition among children is lipid-based nutrient supplements (LNS). LNS provide a range of vitamins and minerals, but unlike most other micronutrient supplements, LNS also provide energy, protein and es
- Preventive staff-support interventions for health workers
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Apr-2014
Healthcare workers need to be supported to maintain sufficient levels of motivation and productivity, and to prevent the debilitating effects of stress on mental and physical well-being.
- Primaquine alternative dosing schedules for preventing malaria relapse in people with Plasmodium vivax
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Aug-2020
Plasmodium vivax liver stages (hypnozoites) may cause relapses, prolonging morbidity, and impeding malaria control and elimination. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends three schedules for primaquine: 0.25 mg/kg/day (standard), or 0.5 mg/kg/day
- Primaquine for preventing relapse in people with Plasmodium vivax malaria treated with chloroquine
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Oct-2013
Plasmodium vivax infections are an important contributor to the malaria burden worldwide. The World Health Organization recommends a 14-day course of primaquine (0.25 mg/kg/day, giving an adult dose of 15 mg/day) to eradicate the liver stage of the paras
- Primaquine or other 8‐aminoquinolines for reducing Plasmodium falciparum transmission
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Feb-2018
The 8-aminoquinoline (8AQ) drugs act on Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes, which transmit malaria from infected people to mosquitoes. In 2012, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended a single dose of 0.25 mg/kg primaquine (PQ) be added to malaria
- Primary angioplasty versus intravenous thrombolysis for acute myocardial infarction
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Mar-2019
Intravenous thrombolytic therapy is the standard care for patients with acute myocardial infarction, based upon its widespread availability and ability to reduce patient mortality well demonstrated in randomised trials. Despite its proven efficacy, thromb
- Primary antifungal prophylaxis for cryptococcal disease in HIV‐positive people
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Aug-2018
Cryptococcal disease remains one of the main causes of death in HIV-positive people who have low cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) cell counts. Currently, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends screening HIV-positive people with low CD4 counts fo
- Primary care based clinics for asthma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Apr-2012
Asthma is defined as the presence of variable airflow obstruction with symptoms (more than one of wheeze, breathlessness, chest tightness, cough). It is becoming increasingly common worldwide and this is especially true in higher income countries. In seve
