Showing 6421-6440 of 8668 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Prolotherapy injections for chronic low‐back pain
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Apr-2007
Prolotherapy involves repeated injections of irritant solutions to strengthen lumbosacral ligaments and reduce some types of chronic low-back pain; spinal manipulation and exercises are often used to enhance its effectiveness.
- Prompted voiding for the management of urinary incontinence in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Apr-2000
Prompted voiding is a behavioural therapy used mainly in North American nursing homes. It aims to improve bladder control for people with or without dementia using verbal prompts and positive reinforcement.
- Prompts to encourage appointment attendance for people with serious mental illness
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Apr-2001
Prompts to encourage attendance at clinics are often used in day-to-day practice by diligent carers of people with mental health problems. These may take the form of telephone prompting, financial incentives or issuing a copy of the referral letter to the
- Prone position for acute respiratory failure in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Nov-2015
Acute hypoxaemia de novo or on a background of chronic hypoxaemia is a common reason for admission to intensive care and for provision of mechanical ventilation. Various refinements of mechanical ventilation or adjuncts are employed to improve patient out
- Propentofylline for dementia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Apr-2008
Propentofylline is a novel therapeutic agent for dementia that readily crosses the blood-brain barrier and acts by blocking the uptake of adenosine and inhibiting the enzyme phosphodiesterase. In vitro and in vivo its mechanism of action appears to be two
- Prophylactic abdominal drainage for pancreatic surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Dec-2021
The use of surgical drains is a very common practice after pancreatic surgery. The role of prophylactic abdominal drainage to reduce postoperative complications after pancreatic surgery is controversial. This is the third update of a previously published
- Prophylactic animal derived surfactant extract for preventing morbidity and mortality in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Oct-1997
Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is caused by a deficiency or dysfunction of pulmonary surfactant. A variety of animal derived surfactant extracts have been formulated and given to infants at risk of developing RDS.
- Prophylactic antibiotic therapy for chronic bronchitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Nov-2013
The use of prophylactic antibiotics to reduce the frequency and severity of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis is controversial.
- Prophylactic antibiotic therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Oct-2018
There has been renewal of interest in the use of prophylactic antibiotics to reduce the frequency of exacerbations and improve quality of life in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
- Prophylactic antibiotics for adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a network meta‐analysis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Jan-2021
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic respiratory condition characterised by persistent respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation. Acute exacerbations punctuate the natural history of COPD and are associated with increased morbidity
- Prophylactic antibiotics for inhibiting preterm labour with intact membranes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Nov-2013
The aetiology of preterm birth is complex and there is evidence that subclinical genital tract infection influences preterm labour in some women but the role of prophylactic antibiotic treatment in the management of preterm labour is controversial. Since
- Prophylactic antibiotics for manual removal of retained placenta in vaginal birth
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Oct-2014
Retained placenta is a potentially life-threatening condition because of its association with postpartum hemorrhage. Manual removal of placenta increases the likelihood of bacterial contamination in the uterine cavity.
- Prophylactic antibiotics for penetrating abdominal trauma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Dec-2019
Penetrating abdominal trauma occurs when the peritoneal cavity is breached. Routine laparotomy for penetrating abdominal injuries began in the 1800s, with antibiotics first being used in World War II to combat septic complications associated with these in
- Prophylactic antibiotics for penetrating abdominal trauma: duration of use and antibiotic choice
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Dec-2019
Penetrating abdominal trauma (PAT) is a common type of trauma leading to admission to hospital, which often progresses to septic complications. Antibiotics are commonly administered as prophylaxis prior to laparotomy for PAT. However, an earlier Cochrane
- Prophylactic antibiotics for preventing gram‐positive infections associated with long‐term central venous catheters in adults and children receiving treatment for cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Oct-2021
This is an updated version of a Cochrane Review last published in 2013. Long-term central venous catheters (CVCs), including tunnelled CVCs (TCVCs) and totally implanted devices or ports (TIDs), are increasingly used when treating people with cancer. Desp
- Prophylactic antibiotics for preventing pneumococcal infection in children with sickle cell disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Mar-2021
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a group of inherited disorders that result in haemoglobin abnormalities and other complications. Injury to the spleen, among other factors, contribute to persons with SCD being particularly susceptible to infection. Infants an
- Prophylactic antibiotics for transcervical intrauterine procedures
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-May-2013
The transcervical intrauterine route is commonly used for operative gynaecological procedures in women. The vagina is an area of the body that is abundant with normal bacterial flora. An operative procedure through the vagina may, therefore, be considered
- Prophylactic antibiotics or G(M)‐CSF for the prevention of infections and improvement of survival in cancer patients receiving myelotoxic chemotherapy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Dec-2015
Febrile neutropenia (FN) and other infectious complications are some of the most serious treatment-related toxicities of chemotherapy for cancer, with a mortality rate of 2% to 21%. The two main types of prophylactic regimens are granulocyte (macrophage)
- Prophylactic antibiotics to prevent surgical site infection after breast cancer surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Sep-2019
Surgery has been used as part of breast cancer treatment for centuries; however any surgical procedure has the potential risk of infection. Infection rates for surgical treatment of breast cancer are documented at between 3% and 15%, higher than average f
- Prophylactic antibiotics to reduce morbidity and mortality in neonates with umbilical artery catheters
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Jan-2011
Umbilical artery catheters are often used in unwell neonates. Infection related to the use of these catheters may cause significant morbidity and mortality. The use of prophylactic antibiotics has been advocated for all newborns with umbilical artery cath
