Showing 6441-6460 of 8668 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Prophylactic antibiotics to reduce morbidity and mortality in neonates with umbilical venous catheters
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Jan-2011
Umbilical venous catheters (UVCs) are often used in ill neonates. Infection related to the use of these catheters may cause significant morbidity and mortality. The use of prophylactic antibiotics has been advocated for newborns with umbilical venous cath
- Prophylactic antibiotics to reduce morbidity and mortality in newborn infants with intercostal catheters
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Mar-2012
Intercostal catheters are commonly used for the drainage of intrathoracic collections in newborn infants, including pneumothorax and pleural effusions. Placement of an intercostal drain is a potential risk factor for nosocomial infection due to breach of
- Prophylactic antibiotics to reduce morbidity and mortality in ventilated newborn infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Jul-2007
Intubation is associated with bacterial colonisation of the respiratory tract and therefore may increase the risk of acquiring an infection. The infection may prolong the need for mechanical ventilation and increase the risk of chronic lung disease. The u
- Prophylactic antibiotics to reduce the risk of urinary tract infections after urodynamic studies
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Sep-2012
There is a risk that people who have invasive urodynamic studies (cystometry) will develop urinary tract infections or bacteria in the urine or blood. However, the use of prophylactic antibiotics before or immediately after invasive cystometry or urodynam
- Prophylactic anticoagulants for people hospitalised with COVID‐19
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Oct-2020
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a serious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The primary manifestation is respiratory insufficiency that can also be related to diffuse pulmonary microthrombosis in people
- Prophylactic anti‐staphylococcal antibiotics for cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Sep-2020
Staphylococcus aureus causes pulmonary infection in young children with cystic fibrosis. Prophylactic antibiotics are prescribed hoping to prevent such infection and lung damage. Antibiotics have adverse effects and long-term use might lead to infection w
- Prophylactic barbiturate use for the prevention of morbidity and mortality following perinatal asphyxia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-May-2016
Seizures are common following perinatal asphyxia and may exacerbate secondary neuronal injury. Barbiturate therapy has been used for infants with perinatal asphyxia in order to prevent seizures. However, barbiturate therapy may adversely affect neurodevel
- Prophylactic caffeine to prevent postoperative apnoea following general anaesthesia in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Oct-2001
Growing ex-preterm infants who undergo general anaesthesia for surgery at about term-equivalent age may have episodes of apnoea, cyanosis and bradycardia during the early postoperative period. A breathing stimulant such as caffeine given at the time of op
- Prophylactic chemotherapy for hydatidiform mole to prevent gestational trophoblastic neoplasia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Sep-2017
This is an update of the original Cochrane Review published in Cochrane Library, Issue 10, 2012.
- Prophylactic corticosteroids for cardiopulmonary bypass in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Apr-2011
High-dose prophylactic corticosteroids are often administered during cardiac surgery. Their use, however, remains controversial, as no trials are available that have been sufficiently powered to draw conclusions on their effect on major clinical outcomes.
- Prophylactic corticosteroids for paediatric heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Oct-2020
Corticosteroids are routinely given to children undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in an attempt to ameliorate the inflammatory response. Their use is still controversial and the decision to administer the intervention can vary b
- Prophylactic corticosteroids for preterm birth
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Oct-2008
Respiratory distress syndrome is a serious complication of prematurity causing significant immediate and long-term mortality and morbidity.
- Prophylactic cranial irradiation for preventing brain metastases in patients undergoing radical treatment for non-small cell lung cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Aug-2010
In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), there is a relatively high incidence of brain metastases following radical treatment. At present, the role of prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) in this group of patients is not clear. This is an update of the or
- Prophylactic doxapram for the prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants undergoing endotracheal extubation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Jul-2000
When preterm infants have been given intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV) for respiratory failure, weaning from support and tracheal extubation may be difficult. A significant contributing factor is thought to be the relatively poor respirato
- Prophylactic drug management for febrile seizures in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Jun-2021
Febrile seizures occurring in a child older than one month during an episode of fever affect 2-4% of children in Great Britain and the United States and recur in 30%. Rapid-acting antiepileptics and antipyretics given during subsequent fever episodes have
- Prophylactic ergometrine-oxytocin versus oxytocin for the third stage of labour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Feb-2018
The routine prophylactic administration of an uterotonic agent is an integral part of active management of the third stage of labour, helping to prevent postpartum haemorrhage (PPH). The two most widely used uterotonic agents are: ergometrine-oxytocin (Sy
- Prophylactic gastrojejunostomy for unresectable periampullary carcinoma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Feb-2013
The role of prophylactic gastrojejunostomy in patients with unresectable periampullary cancer is controversial.
- Prophylactic interventions after delivery of placenta for reducing bleeding during the postnatal period
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Nov-2013
There are several Cochrane systematic reviews looking at postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) prophylaxis in the third stage of labour and another Cochrane review investigating the timing of prophylactic uterotonics in the third stage of labour (i.e. before or af
- Prophylactic intravenous calcium therapy for exchange blood transfusion in the newborn
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Oct-2017
Exchange blood transfusion (EBT) is a form of whole blood transfusion in which the total blood volume is replaced within a few hours. In perinatal and neonatal medicine, EBT is most often used in the management of severe anaemia or severe hyperbilirubinae
- Prophylactic intravenous indomethacin for preventing mortality and morbidity in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Jul-2010
Persistent patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is associated with mortality and morbidity in preterm infants. Prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors such as indomethacin promote PDA closure but also have potential side effects. The effect of the prophylactic use
