Showing 6561-6580 of 8875 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Progestogens for preventing miscarriage: a network meta‐analysis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Apr-2021
Miscarriage, defined as the spontaneous loss of a pregnancy before 24 weeks’ gestation, is common with approximately 25% of women experiencing a miscarriage in their lifetime, and 15% to 20% of pregnancies ending in a miscarriage. Progesterone has an impo
- Progestogens or progestogen‐releasing intrauterine systems for uterine fibroids (other than preoperative medical therapy)
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Nov-2020
Uterine fibroids can cause heavy menstrual bleeding. Medical treatments are considered to preserve fertility. It is unclear whether progestogens or progestogen-releasing intrauterine systems can reduce fibroid-related symptoms. This is the first update of
- Progestogens with or without oestrogen for irregular uterine bleeding associated with anovulation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Sep-2012
Irregular menstrual bleeding may arise due to exogenous sex steroids, lesions of the genital tract or be associated with anovulation. Irregular bleeding due to oligo/anovulation (previously called dysfunctional uterine bleeding or DUB) is more common at t
- Prognosis of adults and children following a first unprovoked seizure
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Jan-2023
Epilepsy is clinically defined as two or more unprovoked epileptic seizures more than 24 hours apart. Given that, a diagnosis of epilepsy can be associated with significant morbidity and mortality, it is imperative that clinicians (and people with seizure
- Prognostic factors for the development and progression of proliferative diabetic retinopathy in people with diabetic retinopathy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Feb-2023
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is characterised by neurovascular degeneration as a result of chronic hyperglycaemia. Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is the most serious complication of DR and can lead to total (central and peripheral) visual loss. PDR
- Prognostic models for newly‐diagnosed chronic lymphocytic leukaemia in adults: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-Jul-2020
Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) is the most common cancer of the lymphatic system in Western countries. Several clinical and biological factors for CLL have been identified. However, it remains unclear which of the available prognostic models combinin
- Prognostic models for predicting relapse or recurrence of major depressive disorder in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-May-2021
Relapse (the re-emergence of depressive symptoms after some level of improvement but preceding recovery) and recurrence (onset of a new depressive episode after recovery) are common in depression, lead to worse outcomes and quality of life for patients an
- Prognostic value of test(s) for O6‐methylguanine–DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation for predicting overall survival in people with glioblastoma treated with temozolomide
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Mar-2021
Glioblastoma is an aggressive form of brain cancer. Approximately five in 100 people with glioblastoma survive for five years past diagnosis. Glioblastomas that have a particular modification to their DNA (called methylation) in a particular region (the O
- Progressive resistance strength training for improving physical function in older adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Jul-2009
Muscle weakness in old age is associated with physical function decline. Progressive resistance strength training (PRT) exercises are designed to increase strength.
- Progressive resistive exercise interventions for adults living with HIV/AIDS
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Nov-2008
Due to medical advancements, many people living with HIV infection in developed countries are living longer (Palella 1998). HIV infection can now present as a chronic illness with an uncertain natural disease history. The changing course of HIV infection
- Prokinetics for functional dyspepsia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Oct-2018
Dyspepsia is a common condition associated with gastrointestinal (GI) disease. Prokinetics are the treatment of choice for functional dyspepsia (FD). However, the role of prokinetics in FD treatment is still controversial.
- Prolonged antibiotics for non‐cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis in children and adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Aug-2015
The vicious cycle hypothesis for bronchiectasis predicts that bacterial colonisation of the respiratory tract perpetuates inflammatory change. This damages the mucociliary escalator, preventing bacterial clearance and allowing persistence of pro-inflammat
- Prolonged storage of packed red blood cells for blood transfusion
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Jul-2015
A blood transfusion is an acute intervention, used to address life- and health-threatening conditions on a short-term basis. Packed red blood cells are most often used for blood transfusion. Sometimes blood is transfused after prolonged storage but there
- Prolonged thromboprophylaxis with low molecular weight heparin for abdominal or pelvic surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Aug-2019
This an update of the review first published in 2009.
- Prolonged versus short course of indomethacin for the treatment of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Apr-2007
Indomethacin is a prostaglandin inhibitor used to treat patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in preterm infants. Although indomethacin produces ductal closure in the majority of cases, it is ineffective in up to 40% of patients. Furthermore, the ductus will re-
- Prolotherapy injections for chronic low‐back pain
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Apr-2007
Prolotherapy involves repeated injections of irritant solutions to strengthen lumbosacral ligaments and reduce some types of chronic low-back pain; spinal manipulation and exercises are often used to enhance its effectiveness.
- Prompted voiding for the management of urinary incontinence in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Apr-2000
Prompted voiding is a behavioural therapy used mainly in North American nursing homes. It aims to improve bladder control for people with or without dementia using verbal prompts and positive reinforcement.
- Prompts to encourage appointment attendance for people with serious mental illness
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Apr-2001
Prompts to encourage attendance at clinics are often used in day-to-day practice by diligent carers of people with mental health problems. These may take the form of telephone prompting, financial incentives or issuing a copy of the referral letter to the
- Prone position for acute respiratory failure in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Nov-2015
Acute hypoxaemia de novo or on a background of chronic hypoxaemia is a common reason for admission to intensive care and for provision of mechanical ventilation. Various refinements of mechanical ventilation or adjuncts are employed to improve patient out
- Propentofylline for dementia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Apr-2008
Propentofylline is a novel therapeutic agent for dementia that readily crosses the blood-brain barrier and acts by blocking the uptake of adenosine and inhibiting the enzyme phosphodiesterase. In vitro and in vivo its mechanism of action appears to be two
