Showing 641-660 of 1273 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Special categories 
- Iron therapy for improving psychomotor development and cognitive function in children under the age of three with iron deficiency anaemia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-May-2013
Iron deficiency and iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) are common in young children. It has been suggested that the lack of iron may have deleterious effects on children's psychomotor development and cognitive function. To evaluate the benefits of iron therapy
- Ischaemic preconditioning for liver transplantation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Nov-2008
Ischaemic preconditioning is a mechanism for reducing organ ischaemia reperfusion injury by a brief period of organ ischaemia.
- Ketamine as an adjuvant to opioids for cancer pain
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Oct-2012
This is an update of the original review published in Issue 1, 2003. Ketamine is a commonly used anaesthetic agent, and in subanaesthetic doses is also given as an adjuvant to opioids for the treatment of cancer pain, particularly when opioids alone prove
- Ketogenic diets for drug‐resistant epilepsy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Jun-2020
Ketogenic diets (KDs) are high in fat and low in carbohydrates and have been suggested to reduce seizure frequency in people with epilepsy. Such diets may be beneficial for children with drug-resistant epilepsy.
- Lactational amenorrhoea method for family planning
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Sep-2015
It is estimated that about 40% of pregnancies in the world are unintended and that the major part of these are unwanted. There are several reasons no or ineffective contraception is used to prevent these pregnancies, including difficulty in obtaining cont
- Lamotrigine for chronic neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Dec-2013
This is an update of the original Cochrane review entitled Lamotrigine for acute and chronic pain published in Issue 2, 2007, and updated in Issue 2, 2011. Some antiepileptic medicines have a place in the treatment of neuropathic pain (pain due to nerve d
- Laparoscopic drilling by diathermy or laser for ovulation induction in anovulatory polycystic ovary syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Mar-2014
Surgical ovarian wedge resection was the first established treatment for women with anovulatory polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) but was largely abandoned both due to the risk of postsurgical adhesions and the introduction of medical ovulation induction.
- Laparoscopic entry techniques
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Aug-2015
Laparoscopy is a common procedure in many surgical specialities. Complications arising from laparoscopy are often related to initial entry into the abdomen. Life-threatening complications include injury to viscera e.g. the bowel or bladder, or to vasculat
- Laparoscopic surgery for pelvic pain associated with endometriosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Aug-2014
Endometriosis is the presence of endometrial glands or stroma in sites other than the uterine cavity. It is variable in both its surgical appearance and clinical manifestation often with poor correlation between the two. Surgical treatment of endometriosi
- Laparoscopic versus open total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Apr-2014
Colorectal cancer including rectal cancer is the third most common cause of cancer deaths in the western world. For colon carcinoma, laparoscopic surgery is proven to result in faster postoperative recovery, fewer complications and better cosmetic results
- Laryngeal mask airway versus bag-mask ventilation or endotracheal intubation for neonatal resuscitation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Nov-2008
Providing effective positive pressure ventilation is the single most important component of successful neonatal resuscitation. Ventilation is frequently initiated with a manual resuscitation bag and face-mask (BMV) followed by endotracheal intubation (ETT
- Laser and photoepilation for unwanted hair growth
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Nov-2008
Unwanted hair growth is a therapeutic challenge and considerable resources are spent to achieve a hair-free appearance. Epilation with laser devices (alexandrite, diode, neodymium:YAG, and ruby lasers) and intense pulsed light are commonly used although t
- Laser photocoagulation for choroidal neovascularisation in pathologic myopia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Oct-2008
Pathologic myopia is usually defined as the need for a spectacle correction of -6 diopters or higher. Choroidal neovascularisation (CNV) is the most commonly occurring cause of visual loss in people with pathologic myopia. In myopic macular degeneration t
- Laser photocoagulation for neovascular age-related macular degeneration
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Oct-2008
Laser photocoagulation was the first treatment introduced to try to halt the progression of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD), in which newly formed vessels or choroidal neovascularisation (CNV) grow under the macula leading to the occurr
- Laser prostatectomy for benign prostatic obstruction
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Nov-2008
Symptomatic benign prostatic obstruction is a common problem for older men. The gold standard treatment, transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), significantly improves urinary symptoms and urinary flow. However, TURP has up to a 20% morbidity. Cur
- Laser resurfacing for facial acne scars
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Jan-2016
Most people have acne at some stage during their life, with about one per cent being left with permanent acne scars. Recent laser techniques are thought to be more effective than chemical peels and dermabrasion.
- Laser therapy for venous leg ulcers
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Jul-2014
Around one percent of people in industrialised countries will suffer from a leg ulcer at some time. The majority of these leg ulcers are due to problems in the veins, resulting in an accumulation of blood in the legs. Leg ulcers arising from venous proble
- Laser trabeculoplasty for open‐angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Aug-2022
Open-angle glaucoma (OAG) is an important cause of blindness worldwide. Laser trabeculoplasty, a treatment modality, still does not have a clear position in the treatment sequence.
- Laser-assisted in-situ keratomileusis (LASIK) versus photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) for myopia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Dec-2012
Myopia (also known as short-sightedness or near-sightedness) is an ocular condition in which the refractive power of the eye is greater than is required, resulting in light from distant objects being focused in front of the retina instead of directly on i
- Laxatives for the management of constipation in people receiving palliative care
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-May-2015
This article describes the second update of a Cochrane review on the effectiveness of laxatives for the management of constipation in people receiving palliative care. Previous versions were published in 2006 and 2010 where we also evaluated trials of met
