Showing 6681-6700 of 8875 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Prosthetic rehabilitation for older dysvascular people following a unilateral transfemoral amputation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Oct-2018
Dysvascularity accounts for 75% of all lower limb amputations in the UK. Around 37% of these procedures are done at the transfemoral level (mid-thigh), with most patients over the age of 60 and having existing comorbidities. A significant number of these
- Protease activity as a prognostic factor for wound healing in venous leg ulcers
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Sep-2018
Venous leg ulcers (VLUs) are a common type of complex wound that have a negative impact on people's lives and incur high costs for health services and society. It has been suggested that prolonged high levels of protease activity in the later stages of th
- Protease‐modulating matrix treatments for healing venous leg ulcers
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Dec-2016
Venous leg ulcers (VLUs) are open skin wounds on the lower leg that occur because of poor blood flow in the veins of the leg; leg ulcers can last from weeks to years, and are both painful and costly. Prevalence in the UK is about 2.9 cases per 10,000 peop
- Protein and energy supplementation in elderly people at risk from malnutrition
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Apr-2009
Evidence for the effectiveness of nutritional supplements containing protein and energy, often prescribed for older people, is limited. Malnutrition is more common in this age group and deterioration of nutritional status can occur during illness. It is i
- Protein containing synthetic surfactant versus animal derived surfactant extract for the prevention and treatment of respiratory distress syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Sep-2008
Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. RDS is caused by a deficiency, dysfunction, or inactivation of pulmonary surfactant. Numerous surfactants of either animal extract or synthetic desig
- Protein hydrolysate versus standard formula for preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Jul-2019
When human milk is not available for feeding preterm infants, protein hydrolysate, rather than standard cow's milk formulas (with intact proteins), is often used because it is perceived as being tolerated better and less likely to lead to complications. H
- Protein restriction for children with chronic kidney disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Oct-2007
Protein restriction has been prescribed for some time for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The effect of a low protein diet on delaying the progression to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) in children and its impact on growth and nutrition remain
- Protein restriction for diabetic kidney disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Jan-2023
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) continues to be the leading cause of kidney failure across the world. For decades dietary protein restriction has been proposed for patients with DKD with the aim to retard the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) towa
- Protein restriction for diabetic renal disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Oct-2007
Diabetic renal disease (diabetic nephropathy) is a leading cause of end-stage renal failure. Once the process has started, it cannot be reversed by glycaemic control, but progression might be slowed by control of blood pressure and protein restriction.
- Protein substitute for children and adults with phenylketonuria
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Feb-2015
Phenylketonuria is an inherited metabolic disorder characterised by an absence or deficiency of the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase. The aim of treatment is to lower blood phenylalanine concentrations to the recommended therapeutic range to prevent devel
- Protein supplementation of human milk for promoting growth in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Sep-2020
Preterm infants require high protein intake to achieve adequate growth and development. Although breast milk feeding has many benefits for this population, the protein content is highly variable, and inadequate to support rapid infant growth. This is a 20
- Protein‐containing synthetic surfactant versus protein‐free synthetic surfactant for the prevention and treatment of respiratory distress syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Oct-2009
Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. RDS is caused by a deficiency, dysfunction, or inactivation of pulmonary surfactant. Numerous surfactants of either animal extract or synthetic desig
- Prothrombin complex concentrate for reversal of vitamin K antagonist treatment in bleeding and non‐bleeding patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Jul-2015
Treatment with vitamin K antagonists is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Reversal therapy with prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC) is used increasingly and is recommended in the treatment of patients with bleeding complications underta
- Prothrombin complex concentrate in cardiac surgery for the treatment of coagulopathic bleeding
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Nov-2022
Coagulopathy following cardiac surgery is associated with considerable blood product transfusion and high morbidity and mortality. The treatment of coagulopathy following cardiac surgery is challenging, with the replacement of clotting factors being based
- Protocol‐directed sedation versus non‐protocol‐directed sedation in mechanically ventilated intensive care adults and children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Nov-2018
The sedation needs of critically ill patients have been recognized as a core component of critical care that is vital to assist recovery and ensure humane treatment. Evidence suggests that sedation requirements are not always optimally managed. Suboptimal
- Protocolized versus non‐protocolized weaning for reducing the duration of invasive mechanical ventilation in critically ill paediatric patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-Jul-2013
Mechanical ventilation is a critical component of paediatric intensive care therapy. It is indicated when the patient’s spontaneous ventilation is inadequate to sustain life. Weaning is the gradual reduction of ventilatory support and the transfer of resp
- Protocolized versus non‐protocolized weaning for reducing the duration of invasive mechanical ventilation in newborn infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Mar-2016
Mechanical ventilation is a life-saving intervention for critically ill newborn infants with respiratory failure admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Ventilating newborn infants can be challenging due to small tidal volumes, high breathing f
- Protocolized versus non‐protocolized weaning for reducing the duration of mechanical ventilation in critically ill adult patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Nov-2014
This is an update of a review last published in Issue 5, 2010, of The Cochrane Library. Reducing weaning time is desirable in minimizing potential complications from mechanical ventilation. Standardized weaning protocols are purported to reduce time spent
- Proton pump inhibitor treatment for acute peptic ulcer bleeding
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Apr-2010
Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the clinical effect of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in peptic ulcer (PU) bleeding yield conflicting results.
- Proton pump inhibitor treatment initiated prior to endoscopic diagnosis in upper gastrointestinal bleeding
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Jan-2022
Upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is a common reason for emergency hospital admission. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) reduce gastric acid production and are used to manage upper GI bleeding. However, there is conflicting evidence regarding the clinical
