Showing 6681-6700 of 8668 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Pulp management for caries in adults: maintaining pulp vitality
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Nov-2016
There is a range of treatment options for the management of the pulp in extensively decayed teeth. These include direct and indirect pulp capping, pulpotomy or pulpectomy. If the tooth is symptomatic or if there are periapical bone changes, then endodonti
- Pulp treatment for extensive decay in primary teeth
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-May-2018
In children, dental caries (tooth decay) is among the most prevalent chronic diseases worldwide. Pulp interventions are indicated for extensive tooth decay. Depending on the severity of the disease, three pulp treatment techniques are available: direct pu
- Pulsatile gonadotrophin releasing hormone for ovulation induction in subfertility associated with polycystic ovary syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Jul-2003
In normal menstrual cycles, gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion is pulsatile, with intervals of 60-120 minutes in the follicular phase. Treatment with pulsatile GnRH infusion by the intravenous or subcutaneous route using a portable pump has
- Pulse oximeters to self monitor oxygen saturation levels as part of a personalised asthma action plan for people with asthma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Sep-2015
We became aware through talking with people with asthma that some are using pulse oximeters to monitor their own blood oxygen levels during an asthma attack. Pulse oximeters are marketed by some suppliers as essential equipment for the home medicine cabin
- Pulse oximetry for perioperative monitoring
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Mar-2014
This is an update of a review last published in Issue 9, 2009, of The Cochrane Library. Pulse oximetry is used extensively in the perioperative period and might improve patient outcomes by enabling early diagnosis and, consequently, correction of perioper
- Pulse oximetry screening for critical congenital heart defects
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Mar-2018
Health outcomes are improved when newborn babies with critical congenital heart defects (CCHDs) are detected before acute cardiovascular collapse. The main screening tests used to identify these babies include prenatal ultrasonography and postnatal clinic
- Punctal occlusion for dry eye syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Jun-2017
Dry eye syndrome is a disorder of the tear film that is associated with symptoms of ocular discomfort. Punctal occlusion is a mechanical treatment that blocks the tear drainage system in order to aid in the preservation of natural tears on the ocular surf
- Purine Antagonists for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jul-2006
Recent trials suggest improved response rates for purine antagonists compared to alkylator-based regimens in the treatment of B-CLL. However, none was able to show a survival advantage.
- Push versus gravity for intermittent bolus gavage tube feeding of preterm and low birth weight infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Aug-2021
Many small, sick, and preterm infants are unable to co-ordinate sucking, swallowing, and breathing, and therefore require gavage feeding. In gavage feeding, milk feeds are delivered through a tube passed via the nose or the mouth into the stomach. Intermi
- Pushing/bearing down methods for the second stage of labour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Mar-2017
Maternal pushing during the second stage of labour is an important and indispensable contributor to the involuntary expulsive force developed by uterine contraction. There is no consensus on an ideal strategy to facilitate these expulsive efforts and ther
- Pygeum africanum for benign prostatic hyperplasia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Jan-1998
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), nonmalignant enlargement of the prostate, can lead to obstructive and irritative lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). The pharmacologic use of plants and herbs (phytotherapy) for the treatment of LUTS associated with BP
- Pyridoxal 5 phosphate for neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Apr-2015
Tardive dyskinesia is a chronic and disabling abnormal movement disorder affecting the muscles of the face, neck, tongue and the limbs. It is a common side effect of long-term antipsychotic medication use in individuals with schizophrenia and other relate
- Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) supplementation during pregnancy or labour for maternal and neonatal outcomes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Mar-2016
Vitamin B6 plays vital roles in numerous metabolic processes in the human body, such as nervous system development and functioning. It has been associated with some benefits in non-randomised studies, such as higher Apgar scores, higher birthweights, and
- Pyronaridine‐artesunate for treating uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Jan-2019
The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) to treat uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum (P falciparum) malaria. Concerns about artemisinin resistance have led to global initiatives to develop new partner
- Qigong for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Jun-2015
Two major determinants of cardiovascular disease (CVD) are a sedentary lifestyle and stress. Qigong involves physical exercise, mind regulation and breathing control to restore the flow of Qi (a pivotal life energy). As it is thought to help reduce stress
- QTc interval screening for cardiac risk in methadone treatment of opioid dependence
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Jun-2013
Methadone represents today the gold standard of efficacy for the pharmacological treatment of opioid dependence. Methadone, like many other medications, has been implicated in the prolongation of the rate-corrected QT (QTc) interval of the electrocardiogr
- Quadriphasic versus monophasic oral contraceptives for contraception
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Oct-2011
Quadriphasic oral contraceptives have been developed to reduce the adverse effects of oral contraceptives and are presented as more physiological since they mimic the natural cycle. However, suggested disadvantages of quadriphasic oral contraceptives incl
- Quality of life after rectal resection for cancer, with or without permanent colostomy.
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Nov-2012
For almost one hundred years abdominoperineal excision has been the standard treatment of choice for rectal cancer. With advances in the techniques for rectal resection and anastomosis, anterior resection with preservation of the sphincter function has be
- Quantitative versus qualitative cultures of respiratory secretions for clinical outcomes in patients with ventilator‐associated pneumonia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Oct-2014
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a common infectious disease in intensive care units (ICUs). The best diagnostic approach to resolve this condition remains uncertain.
- Quarantine alone or in combination with other public health measures to control COVID‐19: a rapid review
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Sep-2020
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a rapidly emerging disease classified as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). To support the WHO with their recommendations on quarantine, we conducted a rapid review on the effectiveness of quarantine
