Showing 661-680 of 1273 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Special categories 
- Laser trabeculoplasty for open angle glaucoma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Nov-2008
Open angle glaucoma (OAG) is an important cause of blindness worldwide. Laser trabeculoplasty, a treatment modality, still does not have a clear position in the treatment sequence.
- Laser‐assisted in‐situ keratomileusis (LASIK) versus photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) for myopia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-Jan-2013
Myopia (also known as short-sightedness or near-sightedness) is an ocular condition in which the refractive power of the eye is greater than is required, resulting in light from distant objects being focused in front of the retina instead of directly on i
- Laxatives for the management of constipation in people receiving palliative care
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-May-2015
This article describes the second update of a Cochrane review on the effectiveness of laxatives for the management of constipation in people receiving palliative care. Previous versions were published in 2006 and 2010 where we also evaluated trials of met
- Lay health workers in primary and community health care for maternal and child health and the management of infectious diseases
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Mar-2010
Lay health workers (LHWs) are widely used to provide care for a broad range of health issues. Little is known, however, about the effectiveness of LHW interventions.
- Lecithin for dementia and cognitive impairment
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Oct-2000
Alzheimer's disease sufferers have been found to lack the enzyme responsible for converting choline into acetylcholine within the brain. Lecithin is a major dietary source of choline, so extra consumption may reduce the progression of dementia.
- Length of hospitalisation for people with severe mental illness
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Jan-2014
In high-income countries, over the last three decades, the length of hospital stays for people with serious mental illness has reduced drastically although considerable variation remains. In lower-income countries this variation may be greater. Some argue
- Lidocaine-prilocaine cream for analgesia during circumcision in newborn boys
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Apr-2015
Neonates routinely undergo tissue-damaging interventions as part of medical treatment. The skin is the site of noxious stimulation for many procedures, including circumcision. EMLA (eutectic mixture of local anesthetics) penetrates intact skin and has the
- Limited (information only) patient education programs for adults with asthma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Jan-2002
A key component of many asthma management guidelines is the recommendation for patient education and regular medical review. A number of controlled trials have been conducted to measure the effectiveness of asthma education programmes. These programmes im
- Local anaesthetic sympathetic blockade for complex regional pain syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Jul-2016
This review is an update of a previously published review in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2005, Issue 4 (and last updated in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2013 issue 8), on local anaesthetic blockade (LASB) of the sympatheti
- Local cooling for relieving pain from perineal trauma sustained during childbirth
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Oct-2020
Perineal trauma is common during childbirth and may be painful. Contemporary maternity practice includes offering women numerous forms of pain relief, including the local application of cooling treatments. This Cochrane Review is an update of a review las
- Local corticosteroid injection for carpal tunnel syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Apr-2007
Carpal tunnel syndrome is a clinical syndrome manifested by signs and symptoms of irritation of the median nerve at the carpal tunnel in the wrist. Local corticosteroid injection for carpal tunnel syndrome has been studied but its effectiveness is unknown
- Local opinion leaders: effects on professional practice and healthcare outcomes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Jun-2019
Clinical practice is not always evidence-based and, therefore, may not optimise patient outcomes. Local opinion leaders (OLs) are individuals perceived as credible and trustworthy, who disseminate and implement best evidence, for instance through informal
- Locomotor training for walking after spinal cord injury
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Nov-2012
A traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is a lesion of neural elements of the spinal cord that can result in any degree of sensory and motor deficit, autonomic or bowel dysfunction. Improvement of locomotor function is one of the primary goals for people wit
- Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in infants born at term
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Mar-2017
The long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (AA) are considered essential for maturation of the developing brain, retina and other organs in newborn infants. Standard infant milk formulae are not sup
- Longchain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Dec-2016
Controversy exists over whether longchain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) are essential nutrients for preterm infants because they may not be able to synthesise sufficient amounts of LCPUFA to meet the needs of the developing brain and retina.
- Long‐term antibiotics for preventing recurrent urinary tract infection in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Apr-2019
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is common in children. Symptoms include fever, lethargy, anorexia, and vomiting. UTI is caused by Escherichia coli in over 80% of cases and treatment is a course of antibiotics. Due to acute illness caused by UTI and the risk
- Long‐term non‐pharmacological weight loss interventions for adults with prediabetes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Apr-2005
Most persons with prediabetes (impaired glucose tolerance or impaired fasting glucose) are overweight, and obesity worsens the metabolic and physiologic abnormalities associated with this condition. Prediabetes is an important risk factor for the developm
- Long‐term results of laparoscopic colorectal cancer resection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Apr-2008
Although minimally invasive surgery has been accepted for a variety of disorders, laparoscopic resection of colorectal cancer is performed by few. Concern about oncological radicality and long term outcome has limited the adoption of laparoscopic surgery
- Low glycaemic index diets for the prevention of cardiovascular disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-Jul-2017
The glycaemic index (GI) is a physiological measure of the ability of a carbohydrate to affect blood glucose. Interest is growing in this area for the clinical management of people at risk of, or with, established cardiovascular disease. There is a need t
- Low glycaemic index or low glycaemic load diets for overweight and obesity
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Nov-2008
Obesity is increasingly prevalent, yet the nutritional management remains contentious. It has been suggested that low glycaemic index or load diets may stimulate greater weight loss than higher glycaemic index or load diets or other weight reduction diets
