Showing 6901-6920 of 8875 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Rapid diagnostic tests versus clinical diagnosis for managing people with fever in malaria endemic settings
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-May-2014
In 2010, the World Health Organization recommended that all patients with suspected malaria are tested for malaria before treatment. In rural African settings light microscopy is often unavailable. Diagnosis has relied on detecting fever, and most people
- Rapid initiation of antiretroviral therapy for people living with HIV
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Jun-2019
Despite antiretroviral therapy (ART) being widely available, HIV continues to cause substantial illness and premature death in low-and-middle-income countries. High rates of loss to follow-up after HIV diagnosis can delay people starting ART. Starting ART
- Rapid molecular tests for tuberculosis and tuberculosis drug resistance: a qualitative evidence synthesis of recipient and provider views
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Apr-2022
Programmes that introduce rapid molecular tests for tuberculosis and tuberculosis drug resistance aim to bring tests closer to the community, and thereby cut delay in diagnosis, ensure early treatment, and improve health outcomes, as well as overcome prob
- Rapid point of care test for detecting urogenital Chlamydia trachomatis infection in nonpregnant women and men at reproductive age
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Jan-2020
Chlamydia trachomatis (C trachomatis) is one of the most frequent sexually transmitted infections and a source of deleterious effects on the reproductive health of men and women. Because this infection is likely asymptomatic and is associated with subfert
- Rapid tests for the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis in patients with suspected disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Jun-2014
The diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in patients with fever and a large spleen relies on showing Leishmania parasites in tissue samples and on serological tests. Parasitological techniques are invasive, require sophisticated laboratories, consume
- Rapid versus slow withdrawal of antiepileptic drugs
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Jan-2022
The ideal objective of treating a person with epilepsy is to induce remission (free of seizures for some time) using antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) and withdraw the AEDs without causing seizure recurrence. Prolonged usage of AEDs may have long-term adverse ef
- Rapid versus standard antimicrobial susceptibility testing to guide treatment of bloodstream infection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-May-2021
Rapid antimicrobial susceptibility tests are expected to reduce the time to clinically important results of a blood culture. This might enable clinicians to better target therapy to a person's needs, and thereby, improve health outcomes (mortality, length
- Rapid versus stepwise negative pressure application for vacuum extraction assisted vaginal delivery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Jul-2012
Vacuum extraction is a common technique of assisted vaginal delivery. Traditionally, it has been recommended that the pressure is increased slowly in a stepwise procedure; some have advocated rapid increases in pressure.
- Rapid viral diagnosis for acute febrile respiratory illness in children in the Emergency Department
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Sep-2014
Pediatric acute respiratory infections (ARIs) represent a significant burden on pediatric Emergency Departments (EDs) and families. Most of these illnesses are due to viruses. However, investigations (radiography, blood, and urine testing) to rule out bac
- Rapid, point‐of‐care antigen tests for diagnosis of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Jul-2022
Accurate rapid diagnostic tests for SARS-CoV-2 infection would be a useful tool to help manage the COVID-19 pandemic. Testing strategies that use rapid antigen tests to detect current infection have the potential to increase access to testing, speed detec
- Reactive air surfaces for preventing pressure ulcers
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-May-2021
Pressure ulcers (also known as pressure injuries, pressure sores, decubitus ulcers and bed sores) are localised injuries to the skin or underlying soft tissue, or both, caused by unrelieved pressure, shear or friction. Reactive air surfaces (beds, mattres
- Reading aids for adults with low vision
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Apr-2018
The purpose of low-vision rehabilitation is to allow people to resume or to continue to perform daily living tasks, with reading being one of the most important. This is achieved by providing appropriate optical devices and special training in the use of
- Ready‐to‐use therapeutic food (RUTF) for home‐based nutritional rehabilitation of severe acute malnutrition in children from six months to five years of age
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-May-2019
Management of severe acute malnutrition (SAM) in children comprises two potential phases: stabilisation and rehabilitation. During the initial stabilisation phase, children receive treatment for dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, intercurrent infections
- Reality orientation for dementia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Nov-2008
Reality Orientation (RO) was first described as a technique to improve the quality of life of confused elderly people, although its origins lie in an attempt to rehabilitate severely disturbed war veterans, not in geriatric work. It operates through the p
- Real‐time video counselling for smoking cessation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Oct-2019
Real-time video communication software such as Skype and FaceTime transmits live video and audio over the Internet, allowing counsellors to provide support to help people quit smoking. There are more than four billion Internet users worldwide, and Interne
- Recall intervals for oral health in primary care patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Oct-2020
There is ongoing debate about the frequency with which patients should attend for a dental check-up and the effects on oral health of the interval between check-ups. Recommendations regarding optimal recall intervals vary between countries and dental heal
- Recombinant factor VIIa concentrate versus plasma‐derived concentrates for treating acute bleeding episodes in people with haemophilia and inhibitors
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Dec-2015
In people with haemophilia, therapeutic clotting agents might be recognised as a foreign protein and induce anti-factor VIII antibodies, known as 'inhibitors'. Drugs insensitive to such antibodies, either recombinant or plasma-derived, are called factor V
- Recombinant factor VIIa for the prevention and treatment of bleeding in patients without haemophilia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Mar-2012
Recombinant factor VIIa (rFVIIa) is licensed for use in patients with haemophilia and inhibitory allo-antibodies and for prophylaxis and treatment of patients with congenital factor VII deficiency. It is also used for off-license indications to prevent bl
- Recombinant FSH versus urinary gonadotrophins or recombinant FSH for ovulation induction in subfertility associated with polycystic ovary syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Aug-2015
Gonadotrophins are known to be effective in inducing ovulation in women with clomiphene-resistant polycystic ovary syndrome. Ovulation induction with FSH bears the risk of multiple follicle development and multiple pregnancies. The dose regimen used can a
- Recombinant growth hormone for children and adolescents with Turner syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Nov-2008
Turner syndrome (TS) affects about one in 1500 to 2500 live-born females. One of the most prevalent and salient features of the syndrome is extremely short stature. Untreated women are approximately 20 to 21 cm shorter than normal women within their respe
