Showing 6921-6940 of 7110 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Valproic acid and sodium valproate for neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Feb-2014
Valproic acid and its sodium salt (sodium valproate) are antiepileptic drugs that are sometimes used to treat chronic neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia, although they are not licensed for this use.
- Valproic acid, valproate and divalproex in the maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Oct-2013
Bipolar disorder is a recurrent illness that is amongst the top 30 causes of disability worldwide and is associated with significant healthcare costs. In the past, emphasis was placed solely on the treatment of acute episodes of bipolar disorder; recently
- Vancomycin for prophylaxis against sepsis in preterm neonates
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Oct-2008
Nosocomial, late onset, sepsis occurs in up to 50% of infants of less than 1000gm at birth. The most frequent organism isolated is coagulase negative staphylococcus (CoNS). A number of studies have evaluated the efficacy of prophylactic low dose vancomyci
- Vascular closure devices for femoral arterial puncture site haemostasis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Feb-2016
Vascular closure devices (VCDs) are widely used to achieve haemostasis after procedures requiring percutaneous common femoral artery (CFA) puncture. There is no consensus regarding the benefits of VCDs, including potential reduction in procedure time, len
- Vascular occlusion for elective liver resections
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Nov-2008
Vascular occlusion is used to reduce blood loss during liver resection. There is considerable controversy regarding whether vascular occlusion should be used or not during elective liver resections.
- Vascular-endothelial-growth-factor (VEGF) targeting therapies for endocrine refractory or resistant metastatic breast cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-May-2012
Vascular-endothelial-growth-factor (VEGF) is a key mediator of angiogenesis. VEGF-targeting therapies have shown significant benefits and been successfully integrated in routine clinical practice for other types of cancer, such as metastatic colorectal ca
- Vasectomy occlusion techniques for male sterilization
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Mar-2014
Vasectomy is an increasingly popular and effective family planning method. A variety of vasectomy techniques are used worldwide, including vas occlusion techniques (excision and ligation, thermal or electrocautery, and mechanical and chemical occlusion me
- Vasoactive drugs for acute stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Jun-2010
It is unclear whether blood pressure (BP) should be altered actively during the acute phase of stroke.
- Vasodilators and vasoactive substances for idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Feb-2010
Idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSHL) is sudden hearing loss where clinical assessment fails to reveal a cause. The most widely used therapeutic agents for ISSHL are antivirals, steroids, hyperbaric oxygen, vasodilators and rheological/vaso
- Vasodilators for women undergoing fertility treatment
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Oct-2014
Since 1978, when Patrick Steptoe and Robert Edwards achieved the birth of the first test tube baby, assisted reproductive techniques have been refined and improved. However, the rate of successful pregnancies brought to term has barely increased. Therefor
- Vasopressin and its analogues for the treatment of refractory hypotension in neonates
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Feb-2013
Neonatal hypotension that is refractory to volume expansion, catecholamines, or corticosteroids has a mortality of about 50%. Optimization of blood pressure and tissue perfusion in refractory hypotension may be crucial to improve clinical outcomes. Vasopr
- Vasopressors for hypotensive shock
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Feb-2016
Initial goal-directed resuscitation for hypotensive shock usually includes administration of intravenous fluids, followed by initiation of vasopressors. Despite obvious immediate effects of vasopressors on haemodynamics, their effect on patient-relevant o
- Vector and reservoir control for preventing leishmaniasis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Aug-2015
Leishmaniasis is caused by the Leishmania parasite, and transmitted by infected phlebotomine sandflies. Of the two distinct clinical syndromes, cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) affects the skin and mucous membranes, and visceral leishmaniasis (VL) affects int
- Vedolizumab for induction and maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Aug-2014
Cellular adhesion molecules play an important role in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis, making selective blockade of these molecules a promising therapeutic strategy. Vedolizumab, a recombinant humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody, inhibits adhesion a
- Velnacrine for Alzheimer's disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-May-2008
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the commonest cause of dementia affecting older people. One of the therapeutic strategies aimed at ameliorating the clinical manifestations of Alzheimer's disease is to enhance cholinergic neurotransmission in relevant parts of
- Vena caval filters for the prevention of pulmonary embolism
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Dec-2009
Pulmonary emboli (PE) can have potentially fatal consequences. Inferior vena caval filters (VCFs) are metal alloy devices that mechanically trap fragmented thromboemboli from the deep leg veins en route to the pulmonary circulation. Filters are designed t
- Venepuncture versus heel lance for blood sampling in term neonates
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Dec-2011
Heel lance has been the conventional method of blood sampling in neonates for screening tests. Neonates undergoing heel lance experience pain which cannot be completely alleviated.
- Venlafaxine for neuropathic pain in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Feb-2016
Neuropathic pain, which is caused by nerve damage, is increasing in prevalence worldwide. This may reflect improved diagnosis, or it may be due to increased incidence of diabetes-associated neuropathy, linked to increasing levels of obesity. Other types o
- Venom immunotherapy for preventing allergic reactions to insect stings
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Feb-2015
Venom immunotherapy (VIT) is commonly used for preventing further allergic reactions to insect stings in people who have had a sting reaction. The efficacy and safety of this treatment has not previously been assessed by a high-quality systematic review.
- Veno-venous bypass versus none for liver transplantation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Feb-2011
Veno-venous bypass is used to overcome the effects of clamping of the inferior vena cava and portal vein during liver transplanation. The routine use of veno-venous bypass is, however, controversial.
