Showing 7381-7400 of 8668 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Stage-based interventions for smoking cessation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Oct-2010
The transtheoretical model is the most widely known of several stage-based theories of behaviour. It proposes that smokers move through a discrete series of motivational stages before they quit successfully. These are precontemplation (no thoughts of quit
- Standard (head‐down tilt) versus modified (without head‐down tilt) postural drainage in infants and young children with cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Mar-2018
Postural drainage is used primarily in infants with cystic fibrosis from diagnosis up to the moment when they are mature enough to actively participate in self-administered treatments. However, there is a risk of gastroesophageal reflux associated with th
- Standard versus biofilm antimicrobial susceptibility testing to guide antibiotic therapy in cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Jun-2020
Clinicians typically select the antibiotics used to treat pulmonary infections in people with cystic fibrosis based on the results of antimicrobial susceptibility testing performed on bacteria traditionally grown in a planktonic mode (grown in a liquid).
- Standardised formal resuscitation training programmes for reducing mortality and morbidity in newborn infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Sep-2015
Approximately 10% of all newborns require resuscitation at birth. Training healthcare providers in standardised formal neonatal resuscitation training (SFNRT) programmes may improve neonatal outcomes. Substantial healthcare resources are expended on SFNRT
- Stapled versus conventional surgery for hemorrhoids
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Jul-2010
Hemorrhoids are one of the most common anorectal disorders. The Milligan-Morgan open hemorrhoidectomy is the most widely practiced surgical technique used for the management of hemorrhoids and is considered the current "gold standard". Circular stapled he
- Stapled versus handsewn methods for colorectal anastomosis surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Feb-2012
Previous systematic reviews comparing stapled and handsewn colorectal anastomosis that are available in the medical literature have not shown either technique to be superior. An update of this systematic review was performed to find out if there are any d
- Stapled versus handsewn methods for ileocolic anastomoses
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Sep-2011
Ileocolic anastomoses are commonly performed for right-sided colon cancer and Crohn's disease. The anastomosis may be constructed using a linear cutter stapler or by suturing. Individual trials comparing stapled versus handsewn ileocolic anastomoses have
- Stapler versus scalpel resection followed by hand-sewn closure of the pancreatic remnant for distal pancreatectomy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Oct-2015
Resections of the pancreatic body and tail reaching to the left of the superior mesenteric vein are defined as distal pancreatectomy. Most distal pancreatectomies are elective treatments for chronic pancreatitis, benign or malignant diseases, and they hav
- Staples versus sutures for closing leg wounds after vein graft harvesting for coronary artery bypass surgery.
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Nov-2011
Surgical site infection (SSI) after saphenous vein graft harvesting is a complication occurring in up to 18% of patients who undergo coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG). It is not known whether the method of skin closure influences the infection rate.
- Statin withdrawal in people with dementia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Sep-2016
There are approximately 24 million people worldwide with dementia; this is likely to increase to 81 million by 2040. Dementia is a progressive condition, and usually leads to death eight to ten years after first symptoms. End-of-life care should emphasise
- Statins and fibrates for preventing melanoma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Oct-2005
Effective treatment for advanced melanoma is lacking. While no drug therapy currently exists for prevention of melanoma, in vitro, case-control, and animal model evidence suggest that lipid-lowering medications, commonly taken for high cholesterol, might
- Statins for acute coronary syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Sep-2014
The early period following the onset of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) represents a critical stage of coronary heart disease, with a high risk of recurrent events and deaths. The short-term effects of early treatment with statins on patient-relevant outcom
- Statins for acute ischemic stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Jun-2011
Statins have been claimed to be effective in the acute phase of ischemic stroke. The potential positive actions of statins during an acute cerebrovascular ischemic event are two-fold: a neuroprotective effect, limiting damage and improving recovery; and a
- Statins for age‐related macular degeneration
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Aug-2016
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a progressive, late-onset disorder of the macula affecting central vision. It is the leading cause of blindness in people over 65 years in industrialized countries. Recent epidemiologic, genetic, and pathological
- Statins for aortic valve stenosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Sep-2016
Aortic valve stenosis is the most common type of valvular heart disease in the USA and Europe. Aortic valve stenosis is considered similar to atherosclerotic disease. Some studies have evaluated statins for aortic valve stenosis.
- Statins for asthma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Jul-2020
Asthma is a common chronic respiratory disease. People with asthma have inflammation of their airways that causes recurrent episodes of wheezing, breathlessness and chest tightness, with or without a cough. Statins possess multiple therapeutic effects, in
- Statins for children with familial hypercholesterolemia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Nov-2019
Familial hypercholesterolemia is one of the most common inherited metabolic diseases and is an autosomal dominant disorder meaning heterozygotes, or carriers, are affected. Those who are homozygous have severe disease. The average worldwide prevalence of
- Statins for multiple sclerosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Dec-2011
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the human central nervous system. Statins, prescribed as cholesterol lowering agents, have shown possible effects for treating MS in experimental and preliminary clinical studies.
- Statins for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Dec-2013
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are common causes of elevated liver enzymes in the general population. NASH and to some extent NAFLD have been associated with increased liver-related and all-cause mortali
- Statins for primary prevention of venous thromboembolism
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Dec-2014
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is common in clinical practice. The efficacy of statins in the primary prevention of VTE remains unproven. This is an update of the review first published in 2011.
