- Surgical interventions for treating pectus excavatum
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Oct-2014
Pectus excavatum is characterized by a depression of the anterior chest wall (sternum and lower costal cartilages) and is the most frequently occurring chest wall deformity. The prevalence ranges from 6.28 to 12 cases per 1000 around the world. Generally - Surgical interventions for treating radial head fractures in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Apr-2013
Radial head fractures are the most common type of elbow fracture and can severely affect the function of the elbow. There is uncertainty and controversy about when surgery is indicated as well as what type of surgical intervention is best. - Surgical interventions for vertical strabismus in superior oblique palsy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Nov-2017
Superior oblique palsy is a common cause of vertical strabismus in adults and children. Patients may be symptomatic from binocular vertical diplopia or compensatory head tilt required to maintain single vision. Most patients who are symptomatic elect to u - Surgical management for upper urinary tract transitional cell carcinoma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Feb-2011
Upper tract transitional cell carcinomas (TCC) are uncommon and aggressive tumours. There are a number of surgical approaches to manage this condition including open radical nephroureterectomy and laparoscopic procedures. - Surgical management of functional bladder outlet obstruction in adults with neurogenic bladder dysfunction
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-May-2014
The most common type of functional bladder outlet obstruction in patients with neurogenic bladder is detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia (DSD). The lack of co-ordination between the bladder and the external urethral sphincter muscle (EUS) in DSD can result in - Surgical management of localised renal cell carcinoma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Mar-2016
Surgical excision remains the core to the management of localised renal cancer and several studies have evaluated the safety and clinical effectiveness of laparoscopic surgery and other recently introduced interventions for the localised disease. - Surgical methods for first trimester termination of pregnancy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Oct-2001
Different surgical methods for termination of pregnancy have evolved over the years: Dilatation and curettage, power operated vacuum aspiration (VA), manual vacuum aspiration (MVA) or hysterotomy. Local or general anaesthesia is used for all methods. Prea - Surgical options for lumbar spinal stenosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Nov-2016
Hospital charges for lumbar spinal stenosis have increased significantly worldwide in recent times, with great variation in the costs and rates of different surgical procedures. There have also been significant increases in the rate of complex fusion and - Surgical or radiological treatment for varicoceles in subfertile men
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Apr-2021
Varicoceles are associated with male subfertility; however, the mechanisms by which varicoceles affect fertility have yet to be satisfactorily explained. Several treatment options exist, including surgical or radiological treatment, however the safest and - Surgical orbital decompression for thyroid eye disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Nov-2011
Orbital decompression is an established procedure for the management of exophthalmos and visual rehabilitation from optic neuropathy in cases of thyroid eye disease. Numerous procedures for removal of orbital bony wall, fat or a combination of these for a - Surgical portosystemic shunts versus devascularisation procedures for prevention of variceal rebleeding in people with hepatosplenic schistosomiasis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Aug-2018
Hepatosplenic schistosomiasis is an important cause of variceal bleeding in low-income countries. Randomised clinical trials have evaluated the outcomes of two categories of surgical interventions, shunts and devascularisation procedures, for the preventi - Surgical portosystemic shunts versus transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt for variceal haemorrhage in people with cirrhosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-Oct-2018
Variceal haemorrhage that is refractory or recurs after pharmacologic and endoscopic therapy requires a portal decompression shunt (either surgical shunts or radiologic shunt, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS)). TIPS has become the shun - Surgical procedures for evacuating incomplete miscarriage
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Sep-2010
Incomplete miscarriage is a major problem that should be effectively managed with safe and appropriate procedures. Surgical evacuation of the uterus for management of incomplete miscarriage usually involves vacuum aspiration or sharp curettage. - Surgical removal versus retention for the management of asymptomatic disease‐free impacted wisdom teeth
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-May-2020
Prophylactic removal of asymptomatic disease-free impacted wisdom teeth is the surgical removal of wisdom teeth in the absence of symptoms and with no evidence of local disease. Impacted wisdom teeth may be associated with pathological changes, such as pe - Surgical repair of spontaneous perineal tears that occur during childbirth versus no intervention
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Nov-2013
Perineal tears commonly occur during childbirth. They are sutured most of the time. Surgical repair can be associated with adverse outcomes, such as pain, discomfort and interference with normal activities during puerperium and possibly breastfeeding. Sur - Surgical resection and whole brain radiation therapy versus whole brain radiation therapy alone for single brain metastases
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Jan-2005
The treatment of brain metastasis is generally palliative since most patients have uncontrollable systemic cancer. Historically, whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT) has been the treatment of choice, although more recently focused radiation therapy e.g. s - Surgical resection versus liver transplant for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Jun-2013
Hepatocellular carcinoma is a major worldwide health problem, involving more than half a million new patients yearly, with a different incidence in different parts of the world. Hepatocellular carcinoma develops in about 80% of cirrhotic patients, and cir - Surgical resection versus non‐surgical treatment for hepatic node positive patients with colorectal liver metastases
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Jan-2010
Involvement of hepatic lymph node in patients with colorectal liver metastases is associated with poor prognosis. - Surgical sealant for preventing air leaks after pulmonary resections in patients with lung cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Jan-2010
Postoperative air leak is a frequent complication after pulmonary resection for lung cancer. It may cause serious complications, such as empyema, or prolong the need for chest tube and hospitalization. Different types of surgical sealants have been develo - Surgical techniques for the removal of mandibular wisdom teeth
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Jul-2020
Pathology relating to mandibular wisdom teeth is a frequent presentation to oral and maxillofacial surgeons, and surgical removal of mandibular wisdom teeth is a common operation. The indications for surgical removal of these teeth are alleviation of loca
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