Showing 61-80 of 489 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Gastrointestinal 
- Budesonide for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Aug-2014
Corticosteroids are effective for induction, but not maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease. Significant concerns exist regarding the risk for adverse events, particularly when corticosteroids are used for long treatment courses. Budesonide is a gluc
- Budesonide versus placebo for chronic asthma in children and adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Jul-2008
Inhaled budesonide is a widely used inhaled corticosteroid for asthma.
- Bulking agents, antispasmodics and antidepressants for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Feb-2013
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common chronic gastrointestinal disorder. The role of pharmacotherapy for IBS is limited and focused mainly on symptom control.
- Caesarean section versus vaginal delivery for preventing mother to infant hepatitis C virus transmission
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-May-2010
Observational studies have generally not provided evidence that delivery by caesarean section reduces perinatal hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission. However, these studies have methodological weaknesses with potential for bias and their findings should b
- Calcineurin inhibitor minimisation versus continuation of calcineurin inhibitor treatment for liver transplant recipients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Feb-2012
The therapeutic success of liver transplantation has been largely attributable to the development of effective immunosuppressive treatment regimens. In particular, calcineurin inhibitors were essential in reducing acute rejection and improving early survi
- Cardiopulmonary interventions to decrease blood loss and blood transfusion requirements for liver resection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Apr-2012
Blood loss during liver resection is considered one of the most important factors affecting the peri-operative outcomes of patients undergoing liver resection.
- Carnitine supplementation of parenterally fed neonates
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Sep-2008
Carnitine, a quaternary amino acid, plays an important role in the oxidation of long chain fatty acids. Both breast milk and infant formulas contain carnitine. However, it is not routinely provided in parenteral nutrition solutions. Non supplemented paren
- Catheter type, placement and insertion techniques for preventing peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Jan-2010
As many as 15-50% of end-stage kidney disease patients are on peritoneal dialysis (PD), but peritonitis limits its more widespread use. Several PD catheter-related interventions have been purported to reduce the risk of peritonitis in PD.
- Celiac plexus block for pancreatic cancer pain in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Mar-2011
Pancreatic cancer causes severe pain in 50 to 70% of patients and is often difficult to treat. Celiac plexus block (CPB) is thought to be a safe and effective technique for reducing the severity of pain.
- Ceramic inlays for restoring posterior teeth
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Sep-2015
In recent decades ceramic inlays have been used with the increasing requirements from patients for tooth-coloured restorations in posterior teeth. Ceramic inlays can offer an excellent appearance, however, their long-term prognosis is uncertain, as only a
- Chemotherapy and radiotherapy for inoperable advanced pancreatic cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Aug-2009
Pancreatic cancer has a poor prognosis. The benefit of chemotherapy, radiotherapy or both as a palliative treatment of advanced or relapsed disease is uncertain.
- Chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Feb-2010
Gastric cancer currently ranks second in global cancer mortality. Most patients are either diagnosed at an advanced stage, or develop a relapse after surgery with curative intent. Apart from supportive care and palliative radiation to localized (e.g. bone
- Chinese herbal medicines for acute pancreatitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-May-2009
Acute pancreatitis is a relatively common acute abdominal emergency but there is no specific therapy for it. Traditional Chinese medicinal herbs have been used widely for many years in China to treat acute pancreatitis, and several controlled trials have
- Chinese medical herbs for chemotherapy side effects in colorectal cancer patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Jul-2008
Side effects, including nausea and vomiting, sore mouth , diarrhoea, hepatotoxicity, myelosuppression, and immunosuppression , are commonly encountered in patients with colorectal cancer who are treated with chemotherapy. A variety of Chinese herbal medic
- Chinese medicinal herbs for asymptomatic carriers of hepatitis B virus infection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Oct-2008
About 350 million people are chronically infected carriers of hepatitis B virus and are at a higher risk of serious illness and death from cirrhosis of the liver and liver cancer. Chinese medicinal herbs have been used widely for more than 2000 years to t
- Chinese medicinal herbs for chronic hepatitis B
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Oct-2008
Hepatitis B virus infection is a serious health problem worldwide. Traditional Chinese medicinal herbs have been widely used to treat chronic liver diseases, and many controlled trials have been done to investigate their efficacy.
- Cholecystectomy deferral in patients with endoscopic sphincterotomy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Sep-2008
Cholecystectomy is not required in up to 64% of patients who adopt a wait-and-see policy after endoscopic clearance of common bile duct stones. Although reports of retrospective cohort series have shown a higher mortality among patients who defer cholecys
- Cholecystectomy for gallbladder polyp
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Nov-2008
The management of gallbladder polyps is controversial. Cholecystectomy has been recommended for gallbladder polyps larger than 10 mm because of the association with gallbladder cancer. Cholecystectomy has also been suggested for gallbladder polyps smaller
- Cholecystectomy for patients with silent gallstones
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Nov-2008
Cholecystectomy is currently advised only for patients with symptomatic gallstones. However, about 4% of patients with asymptomatic gallstones develop symptoms including cholecystitis, obstructive jaundice, pancreatitis, and gallbladder cancer.
- Chromoscopy versus conventional endoscopy for the detection of polyps in the colon and rectum
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Aug-2010
Although conventional colonoscopy is the most sensitive test available for the investigation of the colorectum for polyps, there are data that raise concerns about its sensitivity. Chromoscopy may be one way of enhancing the ability for colonoscopy to det
