Showing 61-80 of 511 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Infectious disease 
- Antibiotics for trachoma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Sep-2019
Trachoma is the world's leading infectious cause of blindness. In 1996, WHO launched the Alliance for the Global Elimination of Trachoma by the year 2020, based on the 'SAFE' strategy (surgery, antibiotics, facial cleanliness, and environmental improvemen
- Antibiotics for treating chronic osteomyelitis in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Dec-2013
Chronic osteomyelitis is generally treated with antibiotics and surgical debridement but can persist intermittently for years with frequent therapeutic failure or relapse. Despite advances in both antibiotic and surgical treatment, the long-term recurrenc
- Antibiotics for treating community‐acquired pneumonia in people with sickle cell disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Nov-2016
As a consequence of their condition, people with sickle cell disease are at high risk of developing an acute infection of the pulmonary parenchyma called community-acquired pneumonia. Many different bacteria can cause this infection and antibiotic treatme
- Antibiotics for treating scrub typhus
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Sep-2018
Scrub typhus, an important cause of acute fever in Asia, is caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, an obligate intracellular bacterium. Antibiotics currently used to treat scrub typhus include tetracyclines, chloramphenicol, macrolides, and rifampicin.
- Antibiotics for treatment of sore throat in children and adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Dec-2021
Sore throat is a common reason for people to present for medical care and to be prescribed antibiotics. Overuse of antibiotics in primary medicine is a concern, hence it is important to establish their efficacy in treating sore throat and preventing secon
- Antibiotics for ureaplasma in the vagina in pregnancy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Sep-2011
Preterm birth is a significant perinatal problem contributing to perinatal morbidity and mortality. Heavy vaginal ureaplasma colonisation is suspected of playing a role in preterm birth and preterm rupture of the membranes. Antibiotics are used to treat i
- Antibiotics for whooping cough (pertussis)
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Feb-2013
Whooping cough is a highly contagious respiratory disease. Infants are at highest risk of severe disease and death. Erythromycin for 14 days is currently recommended for treatment and contact prophylaxis but its benefit is uncertain.
- Antibiotics to reduce post‐tonsillectomy morbidity
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Dec-2012
This is an update of a Cochrane Review first published in The Cochrane Library in Issue 2, 2008 and previously updated in 2010.
- Antibiotics versus no treatment for toxoplasma retinochoroiditis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-May-2016
Acute toxoplasma retinochoroiditis causes transient symptoms of ocular discomfort and may lead to permanent visual loss. Antibiotic treatment aims primarily to reduce the risk of permanent visual loss, recurrent retinochoroiditis, and the severity and dur
- Antibiotics versus placebo for prevention of postoperative infection after appendicectomy.
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Jul-2005
Appendicitis is the most common cause of acute abdominal pain requiring surgical intervention. The cause of appendicitis is unclear and the mechanism of pathogenesis continues to be debated. Despite improved asepsis and surgical techniques, postoperative
- Antidepressants plus benzodiazepines for adults with major depression
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Jun-2019
Anxiety frequently coexists with depression and adding benzodiazepines to antidepressant treatment is common practice to treat people with major depression. However, more evidence is needed to determine whether this combined treatment is more effective an
- Antiemetics for reducing vomiting related to acute gastroenteritis in children and adolescents
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Aug-2011
Vomiting is a common manifestation of acute gastroenteritis in children and adolescents. When untreated it can be a hindrance to oral rehydration therapy, which is the cornerstone in the management of acute gastroenteritis. Evidence is needed concerning t
- Antifungal agents for preventing fungal infections in non‐neutropenic critically ill patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Jan-2016
Invasive fungal infections are important causes of morbidity and mortality among critically ill patients. Early institution of antifungal therapy is pivotal for mortality reduction. Starting a targeted antifungal therapy after culture positivity and fungi
- Antifungal agents for preventing fungal infections in solid organ transplant recipients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-May-2009
Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) are important causes of morbidity and mortality in solid organ transplant recipients.
- Antifungal therapies for allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in people with cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Sep-2022
Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is an allergic reaction to colonisation of the lungs with the fungus Aspergillus fumigatus, and affects around 10% of people with cystic fibrosis. ABPA is associated with an accelerated decline in lung functi
- Antifungal therapy for newborn infants with invasive fungal infection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Jun-2012
A variety of antifungal drugs, drug preparations and drug combinations are available to treat newborn infants with suspected or confirmed invasive fungal infection. There is a need to assess their relative merits.
- Antifungal therapy in infants and children with proven, probable or suspected invasive fungal infections
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Feb-2010
Invasive fungal infections are associated with significant morbidity and mortality in children. Optimal treatment strategies are yet to be defined.
- Antihelminthics in helminth‐endemic areas: effects on HIV disease progression
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Apr-2016
Helminth infections, such as soil-transmitted helminths, schistosomiasis, onchocerciasis, and lymphatic filariasis, are prevalent in many countries where human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is also common. There is some evidence from observationa
- Antihistamines for the common cold
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Jul-2009
Although antihistamines are prescribed in large quantities for the common cold, there is little evidence as to whether these drugs are effective.
- Anti‐inflammatory treatment for carditis in acute rheumatic fever
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-May-2015
Rheumatic heart disease remains an important cause of acquired heart disease in developing countries. Although prevention of rheumatic fever and management of recurrences have been well established, optimal management of active rheumatic carditis remains
