Showing 61-80 of 214 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Renal 
- Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis for opportunistic infections in adults with HIV
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Nov-2008
The prevention and early treatment of infections are the mainstay of the medical management of the majority of people with HIV infection, who live in low income countries without access to antiretroviral drugs. Cotrimoxazole is cheap and effective against
- Cranberries for preventing urinary tract infections
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Oct-2012
Cranberries have been used widely for several decades for the prevention and treatment of urinary tract infections (UTIs). This is the third update of our review first published in 1998 and updated in 2004 and 2008.
- Cranberries for treating urinary tract infections
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Jul-2010
Cranberries (particularly in the form of cranberry juice) have been used widely for several decades for the prevention and treatment of urinary tract infections (UTIs). The aim of this review is to assess the effectiveness of cranberries in treating such
- Cryotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Aug-2009
Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most common primary malignant cancer of the liver. Evidence for the role of cryotherapy in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma is controversial.
- Cyclosporin versus tacrolimus for liver transplanted patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Oct-2008
Most liver transplant recipients receive either cyclosporin or tacrolimus to prevent rejection. Both drugs inhibit calcineurin phosphatase which is thought to be the mechanism of their anti-rejection effect and principle toxicities. The drugs have differe
- Desmopressin for nocturnal enuresis in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Nov-2008
Enuresis (bed-wetting) is a socially disruptive and stressful condition which affects from 15% to 20% of five year olds, and up to 2% of young adults.
- Different antibiotic regimens for treating asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Jul-2010
Asymptomatic bacteriuria occurs in 5% to 10% of pregnancies and, if left untreated, can lead to serious complications.
- Double bag or Y-set versus standard transfer systems for continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis in end-stage kidney disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Aug-2014
Peritonitis is the most frequent serious complication of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). It has a major influence on the number of patients switching from CAPD to haemodialysis and has probably restricted the wider acceptance and uptake
- Drug treatment for faecal incontinence in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Jun-2013
Faecal incontinence (leakage of bowel motions or stool) is a common symptom which causes significant distress and reduces quality of life.
- Drugs for nocturnal enuresis in children (other than desmopressin and tricyclics)
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Oct-2012
Enuresis (bedwetting) is a socially stigmatising and stressful condition which affects around 15% to 20% of five-year olds and up to 2% of young adults. Although there is a high rate of spontaneous remission, the social, emotional and psychological costs
- Drugs for treating urinary schistosomiasis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Jul-2014
Urinary schistosomiasis is caused by an intravascular infection with parasitic Schistosoma haematobium worms. The adult worms typically migrate to the venous plexus of the human bladder and excrete eggs which the infected person passes in their urine. Chr
- Drugs for treatment of urinary retention after surgery in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Sep-2010
Post-operative urinary retention, the inability to void following surgery despite a full bladder, is usually transitory but can be prolonged in some cases. It can lead to several complications including urinary tract infection, long term bladder dysfuncti
- Duration of antibacterial treatment for uncomplicated urinary tract infection in women
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Sep-2008
Uncomplicated urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common disease, occurring frequently in young sexually active women. In the past, seven day antibiotic therapy was recommended while the current practice is to treat uncomplicated UTI for three days.
- Duration of treatment for asymptomatic bacteriuria during pregnancy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Nov-2015
A previous Cochrane systematic review has shown that antibiotic drug treatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnant women substantially decreases the risk of pyelonephritis and reduces the risk of preterm delivery. However, it is not clear whether sing
- Education programmes for people with diabetic kidney disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Apr-2011
Adherence to complex regimens for patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is often poor. Interventions to enhance adherence require intensive education and behavioural counselling. However, whether the existing evidence is scientifically rigorous and
- Effects of nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs on postoperative renal function in adults with normal renal function
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Apr-2007
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can play a major role in the management of acute pain in the peri-operative period. However, there are conflicting views on whether NSAIDs are associated with adverse renal effects.
- Electrical stimulation for faecal incontinence in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Nov-2008
Faecal incontinence is a particularly embarrassing and distressing condition with significant medical, social and economic implications. Electrical stimulation has been used with apparent success in the treatment of faecal incontinence. However, standards
- Empiric antibiotic coverage of atypical pathogens for community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Jul-2012
Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is caused by various pathogens, traditionally divided into 'typical' and 'atypical'. Initial antibiotic treatment of CAP is usually empirical, customarily covering both typical and atypical pathogens. To date, no suffici
- Enzyme replacement therapy for Anderson-Fabry disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Dec-2012
Anderson-Fabry disease is an X-linked defect of glycosphingolipid metabolism. Progressive renal insufficiency is a major source of morbidity, additional complications result from cardio- and cerebro-vascular involvement. Survival is reduced among affected
- Exercise training for adults with chronic kidney disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Sep-2011
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a worldwide public health problem. In the National Kidney Foundation Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative guidelines it is stressed that lifestyle issues such as physical activity should be seen as cornerstones of the therap
