Showing 781-800 of 1273 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Special categories 
- Occupational therapy for adults with problems in activities of daily living after stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jul-2017
A stroke occurs when the blood supply to part of the brain is cut off. Activities of daily living (ADL) are daily home-based activities that people carry out to maintain health and well-being. ADLs include the ability to: eat and drink unassisted, move, g
- Occupational therapy for multiple sclerosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Sep-2008
Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients are referred to occupational therapy with complaints about fatigue, limb weakness, alteration of upper extremity fine motor coordination, loss of sensation and spasticity that causes limitations in performance of activitie
- Occupational therapy for rheumatoid arthritis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Jan-2004
For persons with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) the physical, personal, familial, social and vocational consequences are extensive. Occupational therapy (OT), with the aim to facilitate task performance and to decrease the consequences of rheumatoid arthritis
- Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) for type 2 diabetes mellitus
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Nov-2008
People with type 2 diabetes mellitus are at increased risk from cardiovascular disease. Dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are known to reduce triglyceride levels, but their impact on cholesterol levels, glycemic control and vascular outc
- One topical fluoride (toothpastes, or mouthrinses, or gels, or varnishes) versus another for preventing dental caries in children and adolescents
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Jan-2004
Topical fluorides in the form of toothpaste, mouthrinse, varnish and gel are effective caries preventive measures. However, there is uncertainty about the relative value of these interventions.
- On‐site mental health workers delivering psychological therapy and psychosocial interventions to patients in primary care: effects on the professional practice of primary care providers
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Jan-2009
Mental health problems are common in primary care and mental health workers (MHWs) are increasingly working in this setting delivering psychological therapy and psychosocial interventions to patients. In addition to treating patients directly, the introdu
- Open Mesh versus non-Mesh for groin hernia repair
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Sep-2011
Inguinal hernia repair is the most frequent operation in general surgery. Until recently the standard procedure has been open musculo-aponeurotic repair using sutures under tension to close the defect but 'tension-free' repair using prosthetic mesh is bec
- Open Preperitoneal Techniques versus Lichtenstein Repair for elective Inguinal Hernias
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Jun-2012
Current techniques for inguinal hernia repair show similar recurrence rates. Therefore, recurrence is no longer the main issue discussed when considering improving the current standards for groin hernia repair. Post surgical chronic pain represents a majo
- Operative and non-operative treatment options for dislocation of the hip following total hip arthroplasty
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Nov-2008
Dislocation following hip replacement is associated with significant morbidity and functional cost. The cause is usually multifactorial. A variety of treatment options are available which can broadly be classified into operative and non-operative.
- Operative caries management in adults and children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Jul-2019
The management of dental caries has traditionally involved removal of all soft demineralised dentine before a filling is placed. However, the benefits of complete caries removal have been questioned because of concerns about the possible adverse effects o
- Opioid antagonists for alcohol dependence
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Oct-2010
Alcohol dependence belongs to the globally leading health risk factors. Therapeutic success of psychosocial programs for relapse prevention is moderate and could be increased by an adjuvant treatment with the opioid antagonists naltrexone and nalmefene.
- Opioid switching to improve pain relief and drug tolerability
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Nov-2015
Patients with cancer, and increasingly chronic non-cancer pain frequently require strong opioids for pain relief. Morphine is the first-line strong opioid of choice for these patients. While most achieve adequate analgesia with morphine, a significant min
- Opioids for the management of breakthrough pain in cancer patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Oct-2015
This review is an update of a previously published review in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (Issue 1, 2006). Breakthrough pain is a transient exacerbation of pain that occurs either spontaneously or in relation to a specific predictable or un
- Opioids for the palliation of breathlessness in advanced disease and terminal illness
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jul-2013
Breathlessness is a common symptom in people with advanced disease. The most effective treatments are aimed at treating the underlying cause of the breathlessness but this may not be possible and symptomatic treatment is often necessary. Strategies for th
- Opportunities provision for preventing youth gang involvement for children and young people (7-16)
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Oct-2016
Youth gangs have long been studied in the United States and interest elsewhere is increasing. Many studies document a robust and consistent relationship between gang membership and elevated delinquency. One theory of gang involvement, drawing on anomie an
- Optimal timing for intravascular administration set replacement
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Dec-2018
The tubing (administration set) attached to both venous and arterial catheters may contribute to bacteraemia and other infections. The rate of infection may be increased or decreased by routine replacement of administration sets. This review was originall
- Options for self‐management education for adults with asthma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Jul-2002
Asthma education and self-management are key recommendations of asthma management guidelines because they improve health outcomes. There are several different modalities for the delivery of asthma self-management education.
- Oral anticoagulants versus antiplatelet therapy for preventing stroke in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation and no history of stroke or transient ischemic attacks
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Mar-2011
Non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF) carries an increased risk of stroke mediated by embolism of stasis-precipitated thrombi originating in the left atrial appendage. Both oral anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents have proven effective for stroke preve
- Oral anticoagulation in people with cancer who have no therapeutic or prophylactic indication for anticoagulation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Oct-2021
Oral anticoagulants may improve the survival of people with cancer through an antithrombotic effect, yet increase the risk of bleeding.
- Oral anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for cystic fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Jul-2016
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most common bacterial pathogen causing lung infections in people with cystic fibrosis and appropriate antibiotic therapy is vital. Antibiotics for pulmonary exacerbations are usually given intravenously, and for long-term tr
