Showing 8161-8180 of 8875 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Tobacco cessation interventions for young people
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Nov-2017
Most tobacco control programmes for adolescents are based around prevention of uptake, but teenage smoking is still common. It is unclear if interventions that are effective for adults can also help adolescents to quit. This is the update of a Cochrane Re
- Tobacco packaging design for reducing tobacco use
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Apr-2017
Tobacco use is the largest single preventable cause of death and disease worldwide. Standardised tobacco packaging is an intervention intended to reduce the promotional appeal of packs and can be defined as packaging with a uniform colour (and in some cas
- Tocilizumab for giant cell arteritis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-May-2022
Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is the most common form of systemic vasculitis in people older than 50 years of age. It causes granulomatous inflammation of medium- to large-sized vessels. Tocilizumab is a recombinant monoclonal antibody directed against inter
- Tocilizumab for rheumatoid arthritis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Jun-2010
Tocilizumab, a new biologic that inhibits interleukin-6, is approved for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in Europe, Japan and the US.
- Tocilizumab for thyroid eye disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Nov-2018
Thyroid eye disease (TED) is an autoimmune disorder that constitutes a major clinical and therapeutic challenge. Current treatment options for moderate-to-severe TED include immunotherapy, orbital radiotherapy and decompression surgery. Limited drugs of p
- Tocolysis for preventing fetal distress in second stage of labour
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 22-Apr-1996
Prophylactic tocolysis with betamimetics and other agents has become widespread as a treatment for fetal distress. Uterine relaxation may improve placental blood flow and therefore, fetal oxygenation. However, there may also be adverse maternal cardiovasc
- Tocolytics for delaying preterm birth: a network meta‐analysis (0924)
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Aug-2022
Preterm birth is the leading cause of death in newborns and children. Tocolytic drugs aim to delay preterm birth by suppressing uterine contractions to allow time for administration of corticosteroids for fetal lung maturation, magnesium sulphate for neur
- Tocolytics for preterm premature rupture of membranes
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Feb-2014
In women with preterm labor, tocolysis has not been shown to improve perinatal mortality; however, it is often given for 48 hours to allow for the corticosteroid effect for fetal maturation. In women with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM), th
- Tocolytics for suspected intrapartum fetal distress
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Oct-2008
Prophylactic tocolysis with betamimetics and other agents has become widespread as a treatment for fetal distress. Uterine relaxation may improve placental blood flow and, therefore, fetal oxygenation. However, there may also be adverse maternal cardiovas
- Token economy for schizophrenia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Nov-2008
A token economy is a behavioural therapy technique in which the desired change is achieved by means of tokens administered for the performance of predefined behaviours according to a program. Though token economy programmes were widespread in the 1970s th
- Tolerability of selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitors used for the treatment of rheumatological manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Oct-2014
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are used to reduce inflammatory pain and swelling in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients with rheumatological manifestations. While these drugs effectively reduce musculoskeletal pain and stiffness, long
- Tongue scraping for treating halitosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-May-2016
Halitosis is used to describe any disagreeable odour of expired air regardless of its origin. Mouthwashes which disguise oral malodor are more socially acceptable and generally more popular than tongue scrapers.
- Tongxinluo (Tong xin luo or Tong‐xin‐luo) capsule for unstable angina pectoris
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Oct-2006
Tongxinluo capsule is a medicine consisting of traditional Chinese herbs and insects used for cardiovascular diseases in China and some other Asian countries. To date the evidence of its effect has not previously been subject to systematic review, making
- Tongxinluo capsule for acute stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Oct-2008
Tongxinluo capsules are a compound of Chinese traditional medicine which contain substances that are thought to have vasodilatory, antiplatelet, anticoagulant, thrombolytic and even lipid-lowering properties, and therefore may improve outcome after acute
- Tong-xin-luo capsule for patients with coronary heart disease after percutaneous coronary intervention
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-May-2015
Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is a standard treatment for coronary heart disease (CHD). Restenosis, defined as a 50% reduction in luminal diameter at six months after PCI, indicates a need for revascularisation. Restenosis has proven to be a ma
- Tonsillectomy for periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and cervical adenitis syndrome (PFAPA)
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Dec-2019
Periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and cervical adenitis (PFAPA) syndrome is a rare clinical syndrome of unknown cause usually identified in children. Tonsillectomy is considered a potential treatment option for this syndrome. This is an upd
- Tonsillectomy or adenotonsillectomy versus non-surgical management for obstructive sleep-disordered breathing in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Sep-2015
Obstructive sleep-disordered breathing (oSDB) is a condition that encompasses breathing problems when asleep, due to an obstruction of the upper airways, ranging in severity from simple snoring to obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS). It affects both
- Tonsillectomy or adenotonsillectomy versus non‐surgical treatment for chronic/recurrent acute tonsillitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Nov-2014
Surgical removal of the tonsils, with or without adenoidectomy (adeno-/tonsillectomy), is a common ENT operation, but the indications for surgery are controversial. This is an update of a Cochrane review first published in The Cochrane Library in Issue 3,
- Tonsillectomy versus tonsillotomy for obstructive sleep‐disordered breathing in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Apr-2020
Obstructive sleep-disordered breathing (oSDB) is a condition encompassing breathing problems when asleep due to upper airway obstruction. In children, hypertrophy of the tonsils and/or adenoids is thought to be the commonest cause. As such, (adeno)tonsill
- Tools developed and disseminated by guideline producers to promote the uptake of their guidelines
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Aug-2016
The uptake of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) is inconsistent, despite their potential to improve the quality of health care and patient outcomes. Some guideline producers have addressed this problem by developing tools to encourage faster adoption of
