Showing 821-840 of 1273 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Special categories 
- Paracetamol versus placebo or physical methods for treating fever in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Feb-2009
Paracetamol (acetaminophen) is widely used for treating fever in children. Like ibuprofen, aspirin, and physical methods (such as fanning), paracetamol aims to provide relief from symptoms and prevent febrile convulsions. Uncertainty exists about the bene
- Paraprofessionals for anxiety and depressive disorders
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Mar-2015
The established mental health care system does not have the resources to meet the extensive need for care of those with anxiety and depressive disorders. Paraprofessionals partially replacing professionals may be cost-effective.
- Parasympathomimetic drugs for the treatment of salivary gland dysfunction due to radiotherapy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 12-Oct-2015
This is an updated version of the original Cochrane review on parasympathomimetic drugs for the treatment of salivary gland dysfunction due to radiotherapy (published in Issue 3, 2007). Salivary gland dysfunction is a predictable side effect of radiothera
- Parenteral anticoagulation in ambulatory patients with cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Sep-2017
Anticoagulation may improve survival in patients with cancer through a speculated anti-tumour effect, in addition to the antithrombotic effect, although may increase the risk of bleeding.
- Parenting interventions for the prevention of unintentional injuries in childhood
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-May-2013
Parent education and training programmes can improve maternal psychosocial health, child behavioural problems, and parenting practices. This review assesses the effects of parenting interventions for reducing child injury.
- Partial liquid ventilation for preventing death and morbidity in adults with acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Aug-2013
Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are syndromes of severe respiratory failure that are associated with substantial mortality and morbidity. Artifical ventilatory support is commonly required and may exacerbate lung inj
- Partial liquid ventilation for the prevention of mortality and morbidity in paediatric acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Jan-2013
Acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome are syndromes of severe respiratory failure. Children with acute lung injury or acute respiratory distress syndrome have high mortality and the survivors have significant morbidity. Partial liquid
- Patch angioplasty versus primary closure for carotid endarterectomy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Aug-2022
Carotid patch angioplasty may reduce the risk of acute occlusion or long-term restenosis of the carotid artery and subsequent ischaemic stroke in people undergoing carotid endarterectomy (CEA). This is an update of a Cochrane Review originally published i
- Patches of different types for carotid patch angioplasty
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Feb-2010
Carotid patches for carotid endarterectomy may be made from an autologous vein or synthetic material.
- Patient controlled intravenous opioid analgesia versus continuous epidural analgesia for pain after intra-abdominal surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Feb-2013
There are two common techniques for postoperative pain control after intra-abdominal surgery: patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) with intravenous opioids and continuous epidural analgesia (CEA). It is uncertain which method has better pain control and few
- Patient controlled opioid analgesia versus non-patient controlled opioid analgesia for postoperative pain
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Jun-2015
This is an updated version of the original Cochrane review published in Issue 4, 2006. Patients may control postoperative pain by self administration of intravenous opioids using devices designed for this purpose (patient controlled analgesia or PCA). A 1
- Patient education for adults with rheumatoid arthritis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Nov-2008
Because of the unpredictability people with arthritis face on a daily basis, patient education programmes have become an effective complement to traditional medical treatment giving people with arthritis the strategies and the tools necessary to make dail
- Patient education for preventing diabetic foot ulceration
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Dec-2014
Ulceration of the feet, which can result in loss of limbs and even death, is one of the major health problems for people with diabetes mellitus.
- Patient isolation measures for infants with candida colonization or infection for preventing or reducing transmission of candida in neonatal units
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 2-Oct-2011
Candida is a common nosocomial infection and is associated with increased healthcare costs. In neonates, candida infection is associated with high mortality and morbidity and is transmitted by direct and indirect contact. Patient isolation measures, i.e.
- Patient reminder and recall systems to improve immunization rates
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Nov-2008
Immunization rates for children and adults are rising, but coverage levels have not reached optimal goals. As a result of low immunization rates, vaccine-preventable diseases still occur. In an era of increasing complexity of immunization schedules, risin
- Patient support and education for promoting adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy for HIV/AIDS
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Nov-2008
Adherence to prescribed regimens is required to derive maximal benefit from many highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) regimens in people living with HIV/AIDS.
- Pelvic floor muscle training versus no treatment, or inactive control treatments, for urinary incontinence in women
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-May-2014
Pelvic floor muscle training is the most commonly used physical therapy treatment for women with stress urinary incontinence (SUI). It is sometimes also recommended for mixed and, less commonly, urgency urinary incontinence.
- Pemetrexed disodium in combination with cisplatin versus other cytotoxic agents or supportive care for the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Mar-2012
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a highly aggressive malignancy whose incidence is expected to increase in the United Kingdom, Western Europe, and Australia over the next 20 years as a result of occupational exposure to asbestos fibres. Surgery is
- Percutaneous pinning for treating distal radial fractures in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Aug-2008
Fracture of the distal radius is a common clinical problem. A key method of surgical fixation is percutaneous pinning, involving the insertion of wires through the skin to stabilise the fracture.
- Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting for vertebral artery stenosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Sep-2008
Surgery for vertebral artery stenosis is technically difficult, potentially hazardous and is not considered in most centres. There is growing evidence from case series that vertebral artery stenosis may be treated endovascularly by percutaneous translumin
