Showing 821-840 of 7110 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Bariatric surgery for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in obese patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Feb-2010
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasingly recognised as a condition associated with overweight or obesity that may progress to end-stage liver disease. NAFLD histology resembles alcohol-induced liver injury, but occurs in patients with no h
- Barrier agents for adhesion prevention after gynaecological surgery
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Apr-2015
Pelvic adhesions can form as a result of inflammation, endometriosis or surgical trauma. During pelvic surgery, strategies to reduce pelvic adhesion formation include placing barrier agents such as oxidised regenerated cellulose, polytetrafluoroethylene o
- Barriers and facilitators to the implementation of doctor‐nurse substitution strategies in primary care: a qualitative evidence synthesis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Apr-2019
Having nurses take on tasks that are typically conducted by doctors (doctor-nurse substitution, a form of 'task-shifting') may help to address doctor shortages and reduce doctors' workload and human resource costs. A Cochrane Review of effectiveness studi
- Barriers and facilitators to the implementation of lay health worker programmes to improve access to maternal and child health: a qualitative evidence synthesis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Oct-2013
Lay health workers (LHWs) perform functions related to healthcare delivery, receive some level of training, but have no formal professional or paraprofessional certificate or tertiary education degree. They provide care for a range of issues, including ma
- Base administration or fluid bolus for preventing morbidity and mortality in preterm infants with metabolic acidosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Oct-2010
Metabolic acidosis in the early newborn period is associated with adverse outcomes in preterm infants. The most commonly used strategies to correct metabolic acidosis are intravascular infusion of base, for example sodium bicarbonate, and intravascular in
- Beclometasone for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Oct-2013
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic obstructive lung condition, diagnosed in patients with dyspnoea, chronic cough or sputum production and/or a history of risk factor exposure, if their postbronchodilator forced expiratory lung volu
- Beclomethasone at different doses for chronic asthma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Apr-2009
Beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) is available in a wide range of daily doses for the treatment of long-term asthma.
- Beclomethasone for asthma in children: effects on linear growth
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Jul-2011
Inhaled steroids play a central role in the management of childhood asthma. There is concern about their side effects, especially on growth. However asthma may also cause growth retardation. Growth rates are not stable, so randomised controlled parallel g
- Beclomethasone versus budesonide for chronic asthma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Dec-2014
Beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) and budesonide (BUD) are used widely in the treatment of chronic asthma. The two drugs have different in vitro pharmacokinetic characteristics. It is unclear whether this translates into clinically significant differences
- Beclomethasone versus placebo for chronic asthma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Jul-2008
Inhaled beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) has been, together with inhaled budesonide, the mainstay of anti-inflammatory therapy for asthma for many years. A range of new prophylactic therapies for asthma is becoming available and BDP has been reformulated
- Bed rest during pregnancy for preventing miscarriage
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 1-Sep-2010
Miscarriage is pregnancy loss before 23 weeks of gestational age. It happens in 10% to 15% of pregnancies depending on maternal age and parity. It is associated with chromosomal defects in about a half or two-thirds of cases. Many interventions have been
- Bed rest for acute uncomplicated myocardial infarction
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Dec-2012
Bed rest is prescribed to all patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), but to a variable extent. Current guidelines (American College of Cardiology/ American Heart Association) recommend at least 12 hours bed rest in patients with uncomplicated ST
- Bed rest in hospital for suspected impaired fetal growth
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-May-2010
Bed rest in hospital or at home is widely advised for many complications of pregnancy. The increased clinical supervision needs to be balanced with the risk of thrombosis, the stress on the pregnant women, as well as the costs to families and health servi
- Bed rest in singleton pregnancies for preventing preterm birth
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Mar-2015
Bed rest in hospital or at home is widely recommended for the prevention of preterm birth. This advice is based on the observation that hard work and hard physical activity during pregnancy could be associated with preterm birth and with the idea that bed
- Bed rest with or without hospitalisation for hypertension during pregnancy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Jan-2010
Bed rest or restriction of activity, with or without hospitalisation, have been advocated for women with hypertension during pregnancy to improve pregnancy outcome. However, benefits need to be demonstrated before such interventions can be recommended sin
- Behavioral interventions for improving condom use for dual protection
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Oct-2013
Unprotected sex is a major risk factor for disease, disability, and mortality in many areas of the world due to the prevalence and incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STI) including HIV. The male condom is one of the oldest contraceptive methods
- Behavioral interventions for improving contraceptive use among women living with HIV
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-Jan-2013
Contraception services can help meet the family planning goals of women living with HIV as well as prevent mother-to-child transmission. Due to the increased availability of antiretroviral therapy, survival has improved for people living with HIV, and mor
- Behavioral interventions for improving dual-method contraceptive use
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Mar-2014
Dual-method contraception refers to using condoms as well as another modern method of contraception. The latter (usually non-barrier) method is commonly hormonal (e.g., oral contraceptives) or a non-hormonal intrauterine device. Use of two methods can bet
- Behavioral interventions to promote condom use among women living with HIV
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Jan-2012
High rates of HIV infection among women of reproductive age have dramatic consequences for personal and public health. Prophylaxis during sexual intercourse in the form of condoms has been the most effective way to prevent both STI and HIV transmission am
- Behavioral interventions to reduce risk for sexual transmission of HIV among men who have sex with men
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-May-2008
Men who have sex with men (MSM) remain at great risk for HIV infection. Program planners and policy makers need descriptions of interventions and quantitative estimates of intervention effects to make informed decisions concerning prevention funding and r
