Showing 8761-8780 of 8875 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Ward reduction without general anaesthesia versus reduction and repair under general anaesthesia for gastroschisis in newborn infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Mar-2010
Gastroschisis is a congenital anterior abdominal wall defect with the abdominal contents protruding through the defect. Reduction of the abdominal contents is required within hours after birth as the infant is at risk not only of water and heat loss from
- Warfarin initiation nomograms for venous thromboembolism
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Jan-2016
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common condition in hospital patients. Considerable controversy is ongoing regarding optimal initial warfarin dosing for patients with acute deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). Achieving a therapeuti
- Warming of intravenous and irrigation fluids for preventing inadvertent perioperative hypothermia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Apr-2015
Inadvertent perioperative hypothermia (a drop in core temperature to below 36°C) occurs because of interference with normal temperature regulation by anaesthetic drugs, exposure of skin for prolonged periods and receipt of large volumes of intravenous and
- Washed versus unwashed red blood cells for transfusion for the prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Jan-2016
Infants born very preterm often receive multiple red blood cell (RBC) transfusions during their initial hospitalisation. However, there is an increasing awareness of potential adverse effects of RBC transfusions in this vulnerable patient population. Modi
- Washout policies in long‐term indwelling urinary catheterisation in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Mar-2017
People requiring long-term bladder draining with an indwelling catheter can experience catheter blockage. Regimens involving different solutions can be used to wash out catheters with the aim of preventing blockage. This is an update of a review published
- Water fluoridation for the prevention of dental caries
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Jun-2015
Dental caries is a major public health problem in most industrialised countries, affecting 60% to 90% of school children. Community water fluoridation was initiated in the USA in 1945 and is currently practised in about 25 countries around the world; heal
- Water for preventing urinary stones
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Feb-2020
Urinary stone disease is a common condition characterised by increasing prevalence and high rates of recurrence. Observational studies have reported that increased water intake played a role in the prevention of urinary stone formation but with limited st
- Water for wound cleansing
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Sep-2022
Although various solutions have been recommended for cleansing wounds, normal saline is favoured as it is an isotonic solution and is not thought to interfere with the normal healing process. Tap water is commonly used in community settings for cleansing
- Water infusion versus air insufflation for colonoscopy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-May-2015
Colonoscopy is a widely used diagnostic and therapeutic modality. A large proportion of the population is likely to undergo colonoscopy for diagnosis and treatment of colorectal diseases, or when participating in colorectal cancer screening programs. To r
- Water precautions for prevention of infection in children with ventilation tubes (grommets)
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Jan-2016
Following middle ear ventilation tube (tympanostomy tube or grommet) insertion, most surgeons advise that a child's ears should be kept dry during the immediate postoperative period. Following the initial period some surgeons will permit swimming or bathi
- Water-based exercise for adults with asthma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Jul-2014
Asthma is a common condition characterised by airway inflammation and airway narrowing, which can result in intermittent symptoms of wheezing, coughing and chest tightness, possibly limiting activities of daily life. Water-based exercise is believed to of
- Water-based exercise training for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Dec-2013
Land-based exercise training improves exercise capacity and quality of life in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Water-based exercise training is an alternative mode of physical exercise training that may appeal to the older popula
- Water-based exercises for improving activities of daily living after stroke
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Nov-2010
Water-based exercises are used in rehabilitation and might help to reduce disability after stroke.
- Wavefront excimer laser refractive surgery for adults with refractive errors
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Dec-2020
Refractive errors (conditions in which the eye fails to focus objects accurately on the retina due to defects in the refractive system), are the most common cause of visual impairment. Myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism are low-order aberrations, usually
- Weekly versus tri‐weekly paclitaxel with carboplatin for first‐line treatment in women with epithelial ovarian cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Feb-2022
Epithelial ovarian cancer is the sixth most common cancer worldwide: 295,414 new cases were diagnosed in 2018, with 184,799 deaths. The lack of an effective screening strategy has led to the majority of women being diagnosed at an advanced stage. For thes
- Weight loss interventions for chronic asthma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Jul-2012
Asthma and obesity are both public health problems with increasing prevalence globally. Several epidemiological studies have shown an association between asthma and obesity, however there is no good quality evidence on the effect of weight loss on asthma
- Weight reduction for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 9-May-2011
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming a wide spread liver disease. The present recommendations for treatment are not evidence-based. Some of them are various weight reduction measures with diet, exercise, drug, or surgical therapy.
- Weight reduction for primary prevention of stroke in adults with overweight or obesity
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Oct-2006
Obesity is seen as a worldwide chronic disease with high prevalence that has been associated with increased morbidity from many conditions including stroke, which is the third leading cause of death in developed countries and a leading cause of severe lon
- Weighted vaginal cones for urinary incontinence
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 8-Jul-2013
For a long time pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) has been the most common form of conservative (non-surgical) treatment for stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Weighted vaginal cones can be used to help women to train their pelvic floor muscles. Cones a
- Welfare‐to‐work interventions and their effects on the mental and physical health of lone parents and their children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Feb-2018
Lone parents in high-income countries have high rates of poverty (including in-work poverty) and poor health. Employment requirements for these parents are increasingly common. 'Welfare-to-work' (WtW) interventions involving financial sanctions and incent
