Showing 861-880 of 8668 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews Back
- Arthrographic distension for adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder)
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Sep-2008
Adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder or painful stiff shoulder) is characterised by spontaneous onset of shoulder pain accompanied by progressive stiffness and disability. It is usually self-limiting but often has a prolonged course over two to three year
- Arthroplasties (with and without bone cement) for proximal femoral fractures in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-May-2010
Numerous types of arthroplasties may be used in the surgical treatment of a hip fracture (proximal femoral fracture). The main differences between the implants are in the design of the stems, whether the stem is cemented or uncemented, whether a second ar
- Arthroplasty versus fusion in single-level cervical degenerative disc disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Sep-2016
There is ongoing debate about whether fusion or arthroplasty is superior in the treatment of single level cervical degenerative disc disease. Mainly because the intended advantage of arthroplasty over fusion, that is, the prevention of symptoms due to adj
- Arthroscopic debridement for knee osteoarthritis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Sep-2008
Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a progressive disease that initially affects the articular cartilage. Observational studies have shown benefits for arthroscopic debridement (AD) on the osteoarthritic knee, but other recent studies have yielded conflicting res
- Arthroscopy for temporomandibular disorders
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Dec-2015
Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are considered a collection of disorders involving many organic, psychological and psychosocial factors. They can involve the masticatory muscles or the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and associated structures, or both. I
- Artichoke leaf extract for treating hypercholesterolaemia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-May-2016
Hypercholesterolaemia is directly associated with an increased risk for coronary heart disease and other sequelae of atherosclerosis. Artichoke leaf extract (ALE) has been implicated in lowering cholesterol levels. Whether ALE is truly effective for this
- Artificial and bioartificial support systems for liver failure
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Jan-2004
Artificial and bioartificial liver support systems may 'bridge' patients with acute or acute-on-chronic liver failure to liver transplantation or recovery.
- Artificial corneas versus donor corneas for repeat corneal transplants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-May-2020
Individuals who have failed one or more full thickness penetrating keratoplasties may be offered repeat corneal surgery using an artificial or donor cornea. An artificial or prosthetic cornea is known as a keratoprosthesis. Both donor and artificial corne
- 'As required' medication regimens for seriously mentally ill people in hospital
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Dec-2015
Drugs used to treat psychotic illnesses may take weeks to be effective. In the interim, additional 'as required' doses of medication can be used to calm patients in psychiatric wards. The practice is widespread, with 20% to 50% of people on acute psychiat
- As required versus fixed schedule analgesic administration for postoperative pain in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 26-Feb-2015
Acute postoperative pain occurs as a result of tissue damage following surgery. Administering the appropriate analgesia to children is a complex process and it is unclear whether children's postoperative pain is more successfully treated by using 'as requ
- Ascorbic acid for the treatment of Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Dec-2015
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) comprises a large group of different forms of hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy. The molecular basis of several CMT subtypes has been clarified during the last 20 years. Since slowly progressive muscle weakness and
- Asenapine versus placebo for schizophrenia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Nov-2015
Schizophrenia is a highly prevalent and chronic disorder that comprises a wide range of symptomatology. Asenapine is a recently developed atypical antipsychotic that is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of schizophren
- Aspiration and sclerotherapy versus hydrocoelectomy for treating hydrocoeles
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Nov-2014
Hydrocoeles are common cystic scrotal abnormalities, described as a fluid-filled collection between the visceral and parietal layers of the tunica vaginalis of the scrotum. There are two approaches for treatment of hydrocoeles: surgical open hydrocoelecto
- Aspiration of the elbow joint for treating radial head fractures
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 21-Nov-2014
Radial head fracture is the most common fracture of the elbow. It usually results from a fall onto an outstretched arm. In 1954, Mason classified these fractures into type 1 (undisplaced), type 2 (simple displaced), and type 3 (comminuted fractures). Aspi
- Aspirin (single dose) for perineal pain in the early postpartum period
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-Jul-2020
Perineal trauma, due to spontaneous tears, surgical incision (episiotomy), or in association with operative vaginal birth, is common after vaginal birth, and is often associated with postpartum perineal pain. Birth over an intact perineum may also lead to
- Aspirin and other non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs for the prevention of dementia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Apr-2020
Dementia is a worldwide concern. Its global prevalence is increasing. At present, there is no medication licensed to prevent or delay the onset of dementia. Inflammation has been suggested as a key factor in dementia pathogenesis. Therefore, medications w
- Aspirin and/or heparin for women with unexplained recurrent miscarriage with or without inherited thrombophilia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Jul-2014
Since hypercoagulability might result in recurrent miscarriage, anticoagulant agents could potentially increase the chance of live birth in subsequent pregnancies in women with unexplained recurrent miscarriage, with or without inherited thrombophilia.
- Aspirin as adjunctive treatment for giant cell arteritis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Jul-2014
Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a common inflammatory condition that affects medium and large-sized arteries and can cause sudden, permanent blindness. At present there is no alternative to early treatment with high-dose corticosteroids as the recommended s
- Aspirin for acute treatment of episodic tension‐type headache in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Jan-2017
Tension-type headache (TTH) affects about 1 person in 5 worldwide. It is divided into infrequent episodic TTH (fewer than one headache per month), frequent episodic TTH (two to 14 headache days per month), and chronic TTH (15 headache days per month or mo
- Aspirin for in vitro fertilisation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 3-Nov-2016
Aspirin is used with the aim of optimising the chance of live birth in women undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART), despite inconsistent evidence of its efficacy and safety (in terms of intraoperative bleeding during oocyte retrieval and risk
