Showing 81-100 of 489 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Gastrointestinal 
- Cisapride for Intestinal Constipation
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 7-Dec-2010
Cisapride is a propulsive agent, withdrawn from most of the world's health institutes because of its recorded fatalities in addition to serious side effects such as severe arrhythmias. However it is widely available in third world countries and can be eas
- Cisapride treatment for gastro-oesophageal reflux in children
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Oct-2010
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (GOR) is common and usually self-limiting in infants. Cisapride, a pro-kinetic agent, was commonly prescribed until reports of possible serious adverse events were associated with its use.
- Colchicine for alcoholic and non-alcoholic liver fibrosis and cirrhosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Nov-2008
Alcohol and hepatotropic viruses cause the majority of liver cirrhosis in the Western World. Colchicine is an anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic medication. Several randomised clinical trials have addressed the question whether colchicine has any efficac
- Colchicine for primary biliary cirrhosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 23-Sep-2008
Colchicine has been used for patients with primary biliary cirrhosis because of its immunomodulatory and antifibrotic potential. The therapeutical responses to colchicine in randomised clinical trials were inconsistent.
- Combinations of topical fluoride (toothpastes, mouthrinses, gels, varnishes) versus single topical fluoride for preventing dental caries in children and adolescents
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Aug-2008
Topical fluoride therapy (TFT) in the form of toothpastes, mouthrinses, varnishes and gels are effective caries preventive measures. However, there is uncertainty about the relative value of these interventions when used together.
- Conservative management of symptomatic and/or complicated haemorrhoids in pregnancy and the puerperium
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Jan-2012
Haemorrhoids (piles) are swollen veins at or near the anus, normally asymptomatic. They do not constitute a disease, unless they become symptomatic. Pregnancy and the puerperium predispose to symptomatic haemorrhoids, being the most common ano-rectal dise
- Corticosteroids for HELLP (hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelets) syndrome in pregnancy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 28-Jul-2010
Pre-eclampsia is a relatively common complication of pregnancy. HELLP (hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelets) syndrome is a severe manifestation of pre-eclampsia with significant morbidity and mortality for pregnant women and their children. Co
- Corticosteroids for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-Jul-2008
The efficacy of corticosteroids in the setting of maintenance therapy for Crohn's disease has never been clearly demonstrated. It would be important to determine, based upon the currently available data from controlled trials, if the use of chronic cortic
- Corticosteroids for the resolution of malignant bowel obstruction in advanced gynaecological and gastrointestinal cancer
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Mar-2015
This is an update of the review published in Issue 3, 1999. Gastrointestinal and ovarian cancers are common cancers. The incidence of associated malignant bowel obstruction in patients with advanced cancers of these types is not known, and the best manage
- Covering ileo- or colostomy in anterior resection for rectal carcinoma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 11-Apr-2010
Anastomotic leakage is one of the most important complications that occur after surgical low anterior resection for rectal cancer. There are indications that anastomotic leak is associated with increased morbidity, mortality, frequent re-operation or radi
- Curative surgery for obstruction from primary left colorectal carcinoma: Primary or staged resection?
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Apr-2015
In 8 to 29% of patients with colorectal carcinoma, obstruction is the main symptom at diagnosis, and 85% of patients undergoing emergency colorectal surgery have obstruction from colorectal carcinoma. The prognosis of patients who undergo emergency surger
- Cyclosporin A for primary biliary cirrhosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Oct-2008
Cyclosporin A has been used for patients with primary biliary cirrhosis, but the therapeutic responses in randomised clinical trials have been heterogeneous.
- Cyclosporin versus tacrolimus for liver transplanted patients
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 16-Oct-2008
Most liver transplant recipients receive either cyclosporin or tacrolimus to prevent rejection. Both drugs inhibit calcineurin phosphatase which is thought to be the mechanism of their anti-rejection effect and principle toxicities. The drugs have differe
- Cyclosporine A for induction of remission in severe ulcerative colitis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 14-Jul-2008
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is characterized by a life-long chronic course with remissions and exacerbations. Approximately 15% of patients have a severe attack requiring hospitalization at some time during their illness. These patients are traditionally trea
- Cyclosporine for induction of remission in Crohn's disease
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Jun-2008
Cyclosporine was first found to be an effective and well-tolerated immunosuppressive agent in organ transplant recipients, and subsequently in several autoimmune diseases. It was reported in open studies that cyclosporine is effective for induction of rem
- Cysteine, cystine or N-acetylcysteine supplementation in parenterally fed neonates
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 4-Nov-2009
Cysteine is a precursor of glutathione, an antioxidant that may reduce oxidation injury. The addition of cysteine to parenteral nutrition (PN) allows for the reduction of the amount of methionine in PN, thereby limiting hepatotoxicity and acidifies the so
- Day-surgery versus overnight stay surgery for laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 31-Jul-2013
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is used to manage symptomatic gallstones. There is considerable controversy regarding whether it should be done as day-surgery or as an overnight stay surgery with regards to patient safety.
- Delayed introduction of progressive enteral feeds to prevent necrotising enterocolitis in very low birth weight infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 20-Jan-2022
Enteral feeding for very preterm or very low birth weight (VLBW) infants is often delayed for several days after birth due to concern that early introduction of feeding may not be tolerated and may increase the risk of necrotising enterocolitis. Concerns
- Deworming drugs for soil-transmitted intestinal worms in children: effects on nutritional indicators, haemoglobin, and school performance
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Jul-2015
The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends treating all school children at regular intervals with deworming drugs in areas where helminth infection is common. As the intervention is often claimed to have important health, nutrition, and societal effec
- Dietary advice for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 27-Oct-2008
While initial dietary management immediately after formal diagnosis is an 'accepted' cornerstone of treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, a formal and systematic overview of its efficacy and method of delivery is not currently available.
