Showing 81-100 of 284 for: Cochrane Systematic Reviews > Trauma and injuries 
- Emergency ultrasound-based algorithms for diagnosing blunt abdominal trauma
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Sep-2015
Ultrasonography (performed by means of a four-quadrant, focused assessment of sonography for trauma (FAST)) is regarded as a key instrument for the initial assessment of patients with suspected blunt abdominal and thoraco-abdominal trauma in the emergency
- Enamel matrix derivative (Emdogain®) for periodontal tissue regeneration in intrabony defects
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Nov-2010
Periodontitis is a chronic infective disease of the gums caused by bacteria present in dental plaque. This condition induces the breakdown of the tooth supporting apparatus until teeth are lost. Surgery may be indicated to arrest disease progression and r
- Etidronate for the primary and secondary prevention of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-May-2010
Osteoporosis is an abnormal reduction in bone mass and bone deterioration leading to increased fracture risk. Etidronate belongs to the bisphosphonate class of drugs which act to inhibit bone resorption by interfering with the activity of osteoclasts.
- Excitatory amino acid inhibitors for traumatic brain injury
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 19-Apr-2012
Glutamate is the principal excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain. Injury to the brain can cause an ionic imbalance in cerebral tissue, creating an excitotoxic cascade involving glutamate and other excitatory amino acids, that leads to neuronal death in
- Exercise for treating anterior cruciate ligament injuries in combination with collateral ligament and meniscal damage of the knee in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Mar-2011
The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is the most frequently injured ligament of the knee. The ACL may be damaged in isolation but often other ligaments and menisci are implicated. The injury may be managed surgically or conservatively. Injury causes pain,
- Exercise for treating isolated anterior cruciate ligament injuries in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Mar-2011
The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is the most frequently injured ligament of the knee. Injury causes pain, effusion and inflammation leading to the inability to fully activate the thigh muscles. Regaining muscular control is essential if the individual
- External fixation versus conservative treatment for distal radial fractures in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 10-Aug-2008
Fracture of the distal radius ('broken wrist') is a common clinical problem. It can be treated conservatively, usually involving wrist immobilisation in a plaster cast, or surgically. A key method of surgical fixation is external fixation.
- Extramedullary fixation implants and external fixators for extracapsular hip fractures in adults
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Jan-2013
Extramedullary fixation of hip fractures involves the application of a plate and screws to the lateral side of the proximal femur. In external fixators, the stabilising component is held outside the thigh by pins or screws driven into the bone. This is an
- Family intervention for schizophrenia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 17-Oct-2012
People with schizophrenia from families that express high levels of criticism, hostility, or over involvement, have more frequent relapses than people with similar problems from families that tend to be less expressive of emotions. Forms of psychosocial i
- Fitness training for cardiorespiratory conditioning after traumatic brain injury
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Mar-2009
Cardiorespiratory deconditioning is a common sequelae after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Clinically, fitness training is implemented to address this impairment, however this intervention has not been subject to rigorous review.
- Fluoride for treating postmenopausal osteoporosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 24-May-2010
Osteoporosis is a condition that results in an increased risk of fractures due to the reduction of bone volume, which is caused by an imbalance between bone formation and bone resorption. Because of this property, fluoride has been used for over 30 years
- Fluphenazine decanoate (depot) and enanthate for schizophrenia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 25-Feb-2016
Intramuscular injections (depot preparations) offer an advantage over oral medication for treating schizophrenia by reducing poor compliance. The benefits gained by long-acting preparations, however, may be offset by a higher incidence of adverse effects.
- Formulas containing hydrolysed protein for prevention of allergy and food intolerance in infants
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Oct-2008
Allergies and food reactions are common and may be associated with foods including adapted cow's milk formula. Formulas containing hydrolysed proteins have been used to treat infants with allergy or food intolerance. However, it is unclear whether hydroly
- Gamma-aminobutyric acid agonists for neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 18-Jan-2012
Chronic antipsychotic drug treatment may cause tardive dyskinesia (TD), a long-term movement disorder. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) agonist drugs, which have intense sedative properties and may exacerbate psychotic symptoms, have been used to treat TD.
- Gangliosides for acute spinal cord injury
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Nov-2008
Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in loss of feeling and movement. The consequences can be devastating for the patient and his or her carers. Global estimates of the number of new cases annually range from 15 to 40 per million. Leading causes of acute SCI
- Glucocorticoid with cyclophosphamide for paraquat-induced lung fibrosis
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 6-Aug-2014
Paraquat is an effective and widely used herbicide but is also a lethal poison. In many developing countries paraquat is widely available and inexpensive, making poisoning prevention difficult. However most of the people who become poisoned from paraquat
- Graduated driver licensing for reducing motor vehicle crashes among young drivers
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 30-Aug-2011
Graduated driver licensing (GDL) has been proposed as a means of reducing crash rates among novice drivers by gradually introducing them to higher risk driving situations.
- H1-antihistamines for the treatment of anaphylaxis with and without shock
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 29-Jan-2016
Anaphylaxis is an acute systemic allergic reaction, which can be life-threatening. H1-antihistamines are commonly used as an adjuvant therapy in the treatment of anaphylaxis.
- Haemostatic drugs for traumatic brain injury
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 13-May-2015
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability. Intracranial bleeding is a common complication of TBI, and intracranial bleeding can develop or worsen after hospital admission. Haemostatic drugs may reduce the occurrence or size o
- Helmets for preventing head and facial injuries in bicyclists
Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 5-Nov-2008
Each year, in the United States, approximately 900 persons die from injuries due to bicycle crashes and over 500,000 persons are treated in emergency departments. Head injury is by far the greatest risk posed to bicyclists, comprising one-third of emergen
